Strata Mechanics in Coal Mining

PREFACE -- SYMBOLS -- 1. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS -- 1.1 Development of strata mechanics -- 1.2 Fundamentals of strata mechanics -- 1.3 Philosophy of strata mechanics -- 1.4 Rationalization of coal strata -- 2. COAL BEARING STRATA -- 2.1 Geology of coal strata -- 2.2 Sedimentology of coal strata -- 2.3 Anisotropy of coal strata -- 2.4 Tectogenesis of coal strata -- 3. COAL SEAM FEATURES -- 3.1 Formation of coal -- 3.2 Petrography of coal -- 3.3 Coal rank -- 3.4 Cleats in coal -- 4. ROOF AND FLOOR STRATA -- 4.1 Weak roof strata -- 4.2 Competent roof strata -- 4.3 Structural defects of roof strata -- 4.4 Behaviour of subcoal strata -- 5. PRIMITIVE STRATA PRESSURE -- 5.1 Geological stresses -- 5.2 Lateral tectonic stress -- 5.3 Stress state of soft coal seam -- 5.4 Hydrodynamic stresses -- 6. DEFORMATION AND FAILURE OF COAL STRUCTURE -- 6.1 Coal and gas outbursts -- 6.2 Yielding fracturing of coal -- 6.3 Shear displacement of coal -- 6.4 Extrusion deformations -- 7. ROOM AND PILLAR MINING -- 7.1 Principal mining systems -- 7.2 Stability of stope pillar structures -- 7.3 Strata mechanics -- 7.4 Caving mechanics -- 8. LONGWALL MINING -- 8.1 Longwall mining systems -- 8.2 Stability of panel-stope structures -- 8.3 Strata mechanics -- 8.4 Caving mechanics -- 9. SLICE MINING -- 9.1 Principal mining systems -- 9.2 Stability of slice-face structure -- 9.3 Strata mechanics -- 9.4 Caving mechanics -- 10. LONG PILLAR MINING -- 10.1 Principal mining systems -- 10.2 Stability of stope-pillar structure -- I 0.3 Strata mechanics -- 10.4 Caving mechanics -- 11. SUBLEVEL CA YING -- 11.1 Principal mining systems -- 11.2 Stability of stope-pillar structure -- 11.3 Strata mechanics -- 11.4 Caving mechanics -- 12. COAL PILLAR STRUCTURE -- 12.1 Mini coal pillars -- 12.2 Time dependent deformations of pillars -- 12.3 Strength of coal pillars -- 12.4 Protective pillars -- 13. REFERENCES -- SUBJECT INDEX.c