| Acknowledgements | p. viii |
| List of Abbreviations | p. x |
| Prologue: Apartheid as a Dark Side of Modernity | p. xiii |
| Introduction: Anti-Apartheid, the Media and 'New Social Movements' - Beyond Eurocentrism | p. 1 |
| The long journey | p. 1 |
| Across borders | p. 2 |
| The globalization of politics | p. 4 |
| Anti-apartheid and human rights | p. 5 |
| Anti-apartheid and new social movements | p. 7 |
| Social movements and the mediatization of politics | p. 15 |
| Border thinking | p. 18 |
| Notes on material and method | p. 20 |
| Anti-Apartheid in Global Context | |
| Narratives of Transnational Anti-Apartheid Activism | p. 29 |
| Introduction: transnational activists and historical experiences | p. 29 |
| The activist public official | p. 31 |
| The activist priest | p. 33 |
| The exile activist | p. 36 |
| The movement organizer | p. 40 |
| The movement intellectual | p. 43 |
| Conclusion: transnational activism and its contexts | p. 45 |
| The Globalization of the Anti-Apartheid Movement Introduction: transnational collective action and globalization | p. 48 |
| Transnationalism and its tensions: liberation movements, solidarity networks and 'the struggle within the struggle' | p. 49 |
| ANC, PAC and the armed Struggle | p. 50 |
| Sanctions, boycotts and constructive engagement | p. 60 |
| Black Consciousness Movement, the IUEF and 'Operation Daisy' | p. 66 |
| Naming the movement | p. 68 |
| Political globalization from above | p. 70 |
| Conclusion: anti-apartheid as globalization from below | p. 72 |
| National Politics in a Global Context: Anti-Apartheid in Britain and Sweden | p. 73 |
| Introduction: national politics in a global context | p. 73 |
| The legacy of the Empire | p. 75 |
| Nationalism as internationalism | p. 76 |
| The state and other enemies | p. 80 |
| Ambivalent relations: the state as friend and foe | p. 84 |
| The 'image of respectability' versus the 'consensus culture' of the People's Home | p. 86 |
| Conflicting agendas | p. 90 |
| The worker's movement and the legacies of socialism/communism | p. 93 |
| Dealing with diversity | p. 95 |
| Conclusion: radical or respectable? | p. 97 |
| The Struggle over information and Interpretation | p. 99 |
| Introduction: the importance of media and information | p. 99 |
| Apartheid media strategies | p. 101 |
| Media activism and information networks | p. 105 |
| Approaching established media | p. 110 |
| Commitment and journalism: in between movement and media | p. 111 |
| The movement as a stage - protest simulacra and the turn to cultural politics | p. 117 |
| Conclusion: technology and solidarity | p. 122 |
| Public Debates on Apartheid/Anti-Apartheid in Britain and Sweden 1960-90 | |
| Beginnings: Sharpeville and the Boycott Debates | p. 127 |
| Introduction: the role of Sharpeville as a media event | p. 127 |
| Boycott News | p. 128 |
| Boycott debates | p. 130 |
| Sharpeville in the news: 'learning the lesson the hard way' | p. 134 |
| 'To civilize the African' | p. 137 |
| Conclusion: framing the struggle | p. 140 |
| Sports as Politics: The Battle of Båstand and 'Stop the 70s Tour' | p. 142 |
| Introduction: student activism and sports as politics | p. 142 |
| May 1968: the Battle in Båstad | p. 143 |
| Stop the 70s Tour | p. 147 |
| The quest for order | p. 151 |
| Conclusion: direct action versus 'law and order' | p. 156 |
| 'A New Black Militancy' - Before and after the Soweto Uprising | p. 158 |
| Introduction: Tutu's nightmarish fear' | p. 158 |
| 'A new black militancy' | p. 161 |
| Soweto in the media: 'It's no good firing over their heads' | p. 163 |
| 'An insupportable tyranny' | p. 168 |
| Conclusion: increasing polarization | p. 170 |
| Sharpeville Revisited and the Release of Nelson Mandela | p. 174 |
| The 'total strategy' and the rise of the UDF | p. 174 |
| 'Take your bloody money and go' | p. 177 |
| Langa in the press: 'an uncanny resemblance of Sharpeville' | p. 180 |
| 'Which black opposition?' | p. 183 |
| The release of Mandela | p. 185 |
| Conclusion: the beginning of the end | p. 189 |
| Conclusion: Anti-Apartheid and the Emergence of a Global Civil Society | p. 192 |
| Not an easy affair | p. 192 |
| Organizing and mobilizing transnational anti-apartheid | p. 195 |
| Mediated interaction and information politics | p. 196 |
| Mobility - travel and exile | p. 199 |
| An imagined community of solidarity activists | p. 200 |
| The emergence of a global civil society | p. 203 |
| The meaning(s) of solidarity | p. 207 |
| Epilogue: The Legacy of Anti-Apartheid | p. 212 |
| Notes | p. 215 |
| References | p. 230 |
| Interviews | p. 240 |
| Index | p. 242 |
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