| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Structure of Point Defects | p. 2 |
| Basic Concepts of Defect Structure Determination by EPR | p. 4 |
| Superhyperfine and Electronic Structures of Defects in Solids | p. 9 |
| Fundamentals of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance | p. 11 |
| Magnetic Properties of Electrons and Nuclei | p. 11 |
| Electrons and Nuclei in an External Magnetic Field | p. 13 |
| Some Useful Relations for Angular Momentum Operators | p. 15 |
| Time Dependence of Angular Momentum Operators and Macroscopic Magnetization | p. 15 |
| Basic Magnetic Resonance Experiment | p. 17 |
| Spin-Lattice Relaxation | p. 20 |
| Rate Equations for a Two-Level System | p. 22 |
| Bloch Equations | p. 26 |
| Conventional Detection of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and its Sensitivity | p. 31 |
| Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectra | p. 35 |
| Spin Hamiltonian | p. 35 |
| Electron Zeeman Interaction | p. 38 |
| n Factor Splitting of EPR Spectra | p. 42 |
| Fine-Structure Splitting of EPR Spectra | p. 46 |
| Hyperfine Splitting of EPR Spectra | p. 53 |
| Superhyperfine Splitting of EPR Spectra | p. 61 |
| Inhomogeneous Line Widths of EPR Lines | p. 70 |
| Optical Detection of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance | p. 75 |
| Optical Transitions of Defects in Solids | p. 76 |
| Spectral Form of Optical Transitions of Defects in Solids | p. 78 |
| EPR Detected with Magnetic Circular Dichroism of Absorption Method | p. 84 |
| MCDA Excitation Spectra of ODEPR Lines (MCDA "Tagged" by EPR) | p. 93 |
| Spatially Resolved MCDA and ODEPR Spectra | p. 99 |
| Measurement of Spin-Lattice Relaxation Time T(1) with MCDA Method | p. 101 |
| Determination of Spin State with MCDA Method | p. 103 |
| EPR of Ground and Excited States Detected with Optical Pumping | p. 109 |
| EPR Optically Detected in Donor-Acceptor Pair Recombination Luminescence | p. 118 |
| Optically Detected EPR of Triplet States | p. 125 |
| ODEPR of Trapped Excitons with MCDA Method | p. 129 |
| Sensitivity of ODEPR Measurements | p. 131 |
| Structural Information from Forbidden Transitions in MCDA-EPR Spectra | p. 134 |
| Spatial Correlation Between Defects by Cross-Relaxation-Spectroscopy | p. 144 |
| High-Field ODEPR/ODENDOR | p. 156 |
| Electron Nuclear Double Resonance | p. 163 |
| The Resolution Problem, a Simple Model | p. 163 |
| Type of Information from EPR and NMR Spectra | p. 165 |
| Indirect Detection of NMR, Double Resonance | p. 167 |
| Examples of ENDOR Spectra | p. 174 |
| Relations Between EPR and ENDOR Spectra, ENDOR-Induced EPR | p. 176 |
| Electron Nuclear Nuclear Triple Resonance (Double ENDOR) | p. 183 |
| Temperature Dependence and Photo-Excitation of ENDOR Spectra | p. 186 |
| Temperature Dependence of ENDOR Spectra | p. 186 |
| Photo-Excitation of ENDOR Spectra | p. 188 |
| Stochastic ENDOR | p. 190 |
| Analysis of ENDOR Spectra | p. 197 |
| Qualitative Analysis of ENDOR Spectra | p. 198 |
| Spin Hamiltonian | p. 198 |
| Simple First Order Solution | p. 199 |
| Assignment of Nuclei | p. 201 |
| Angular Dependence of ENDOR Lines | p. 204 |
| Symmetry Considerations, Neighbor Shells | p. 209 |
| Quantitative Analysis of ENDOR Spectra | p. 212 |
| Higher Order Approximations | p. 212 |
| Large Anisotropic Hyperfine Interactions | p. 213 |
| Approximation with the Effective Electron Spin S(eff) | p. 223 |
| Second Order Splittings of the Superhyperfine Structure | p. 226 |
| Sample Alignment | p. 237 |
| Reconstruction of the EPR Line Shape from ENDOR Data | p. 243 |
| Asymmetric Superhyperfine Tensors | p. 247 |
| Selection Rules and ENDOR Line Intensities | p. 250 |
| ENDOR Spectra in the Case of a Large Quadrupole Interaction and Axial Symmetry | p. 253 |
| p. 259 |
| Final Results Obtainable from the Analysis of ENDOR Spectra | p. 261 |
| p. 265 |
| Experimental Methods to Detect EDEPR | p. 266 |
| Experimental Observation of EDEPR | p. 269 |
| The Donor-Acceptor Pair Recombination Model | p. 282 |
| On the Role of the Electron Irradiation for the Donor EPR in Silicon | p. 286 |
| Spatial Resolution and Low Frequency EDEPR | p. 289 |
| Electrical Detection of ENDOR | p. 293 |
| Concentration and Temperature Dependence of the EDEPR Signals | p. 295 |
| Further Spin-Dependent Recombination Models | p. 304 |
| The Lépine Model | p. 304 |
| The Model of Kaplan, Solomon and Mott | p. 305 |
| The Spin-Dependent SRH Model | p. 306 |
| Theoretical ab initio Calculations of Hyperfine Interactions | p. 309 |
| Electron States in Solids | p. 310 |
| Born-Oppenheimer Approximation | p. 311 |
| Ear-tree and Hartree-Fock Approximations | p. 312 |
| Density Functional Theory and Local Density Approximation | p. 314 |
| Computational Methods for Energy Band Calculations | p. 320 |
| Computational Methods for Deep Point Defects | p. 324 |
| Cluster Methods | p. 325 |
| The Supercell Method | p. 325 |
| Green's Function Methods | p. 328 |
| The Band Gap Problem and the Scissor Operator | p. 332 |
| Hyperfine Interactions | p. 334 |
| Non-relativistic Hyperfine Interactions | p. 335 |
| Scalar Relativistic Hyperfine Interactions | p. 336 |
| Magnetization Density for Many-Electron States | p. 338 |
| The Jahn-Teller Effect | p. 341 |
| The Core Polarization | p. 343 |
| Electrical Quadrupole Interaction | p. 347 |
| The Empirical LCAO Scheme | p. 349 |
| The Envelope Function Method | p. 351 |
| Point Dipole-Dipole Interaction | p. 352 |
| Deep Point Defects in Semiconductors and Insulators | p. 353 |
| Substitutional Donors with $$z =1 | p. 354 |
| Substitutional Donors with $$z = 2 | p. 355 |
| Interstitial Deep Donors | p. 363 |
| Shallow Acceptors with $$z = -1 | p. 367 |
| Deep Acceptors with $$z = -2 | p. 368 |
| Vacancies | p. 370 |
| Point Defects in Ionic Solids | p. 377 |
| 3d Transition Metal Defects | p. 384 |
| Interstitial 3d TM Defects | p. 393 |
| Shallow Defects: The Effective Mass Approximation and Beyond | p. 399 |
| The EMA Formalism | p. 400 |
| Simplest Case: Nondegenerate Band Edge | p. 401 |
| Conduction Band with Several Equivalent Minima | p. 405 |
| Pseudopotential Calculations | p. 407 |
| Degenerate Valence Bands | p. 411 |
| Conclusions | p. 411 |
| Experimental Aspects of Optically Detected EPR and ENDOR | p. 415 |
| Sensitivity Considerations | p. 415 |
| Magnetic Circular Dichroism of Absorption | p. 416 |
| Optically Detected EPR | p. 417 |
| ODMR Spectrometers Monitoring Light Emission | p. 418 |
| ODMR Spectrometers Monitoring Magnetic Circular Properties of Absorption and Emission | p. 420 |
| General Description of the Spectrometer | p. 420 |
| Measurement of Magnetic Circular Dichroism of Absorption | p. 422 |
| Measurement of Magnetic Circular Polarization of Emission | p. 425 |
| Experimental Details of the Components of an MCDA/MCPE ODMR Spectrometer | p. 426 |
| Light Sources | p. 426 |
| Monochromators | p. 427 |
| Imaging Systems | p. 427 |
| Linear Polarizers | p. 427 |
| Photo-Elastic Modulator | p. 427 |
| Detectors | p. 428 |
| Cryostat | p. 429 |
| Magnet | p. 430 |
| Microwave System and Cavity | p. 430 |
| Radio-Frequency System for ODENDOR | p. 432 |
| Control and Registration Electronics | p. 432 |
| High Frequency ODEPR/ODENDOR Cavities | p. 433 |
| Cylindrical V Band Cavity | p. 433 |
| Cylindrical Cavity for W Band MCDA EPR/ENDOR | p. 434 |
| Multimode W-Band Fabry-Pérot Cavity for MCDA-EPR/ENDOR | p. 435 |
| High Pressure Photoluminescence-Detected EPR | p. 440 |
| Appendices | p. 443 |
| Scalar Relativistic Hyperfine Interactions | p. 443 |
| Scalar Relativistic One-Electron Theory | p. 443 |
| Hyperfine Interactions for a One-Electron System | p. 445 |
| Perturbation Theory of the Spin Hamiltonian | p. 449 |
| Transformation of the Interaction Tensors | p. 449 |
| Hamilton Operator, Matrix Elements and Perturbation Theory for the Interaction with one Neighbor Nucleus | p. 451 |
| Electrical Detection of EPR | p. 45503 |
| References | p. 467 |
| Index | p. 485 |
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