Introduction 1
About This Book 2
Foolish Assumptions 3
Icons Used in This Book 3
How This Book Is Organized 4
Part 1: Making Cities Our Home 4
Part 2: Building a Smarter City 4
Part 3: Using Smart City Technologies 5
Part 4: Planning for an Urban Future 5
Part 5: The Part of Tens 5
Part 6: Appendixes 6
Beyond the Book 6
Where to Go from Here 7
Part 1: Making Cities Our Home 9
Chapter 1: Comprehending the Past, Present, and Future of Cities 11
Discovering the Origin of Cities 11
What is a city? 12
Building the first cities 14
Comprehending the Impact of the Industrial Revolutions 16
The first industrial revolution 16
The second industrial revolution 17
The third industrial revolution 17
The fourth industrial revolution 19
Responding to population growth 19
Urbanizing the Planet 21
Changing landscapes resulting from urbanization 23
Building megacities 23
Chapter 2: Defining Smart Cities 27
Identifying Smart Cities 27
What a smart city is 28
What a smart city is not 32
Working with digital infrastructures 34
Building the Case for Smarter Cities 35
Small cities versus large cities 36
Smart nations and other smart things 37
United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 39
Examining Examples of Smart Cities 42
Amsterdam, The Netherlands 42
Konza Technopolis, Kenya 43
Chapter 3: Responding to the Needs and Challenges of Cities 45
Mapping the Evolving Needs and Challenges of Cities 45
Economic shifts 47
Increasingly complex city requirements 47
Interdependencies between systems 48
Population changes 49
Aging infrastructure 52
Lifestyle choices 54
Environment 55
Health 56
Water management 58
Housing crisis 59
Expecting Different Results 62
Changing community behaviors and expectations 63
Expanding community engagement 64
Engaging in participatory design 65
Transforming Urbanization 66
Transportation 67
Energy 70
Buildings 71
Telecommunications 73
Sustainability 74
Part 2: Building a Smarter City 77
Chapter 4: Starting from Zero 79
Establishing a Vision 79
Identifying the role of city leadership 80
Creating a vision 83
Building a Smart City Team 85
Identifying team members 85
Creating a RACI chart 88
Getting the team on the same page 89
Chapter 5: Creating a Smart City Strategy 91
Building the Plan 92
Developing a strategic plan 93
Envisioning the envisioning process 95
Converting your vision to action 98
Codifying the Plan 100
Identifying metrics 100
Communicating the plan 102
Chapter 6: Enabling a Smart City Strategy 107
Putting the Building Blocks in Place 108
Developing policy 108
Getting started 110
Examining a few examples of smart city policies 111
Establishing regulations 112
Evaluating funding models 114
Handling procurement issues 118
Managing projects and carrying out business analyses 121
Governing the Strategy 125
Defining strategic governance 125
Managing projects with project governance 126
Regularly updating and reporting 128
Part 3: Using Smart City Technologies 131
Chapter 7: Embracing Urban Innovation 133
Defining Urban Innovation 134
Relying on urban innovation networks 136
Creating urban innovation labs 137
Implementing Urban Innovation 139
Examining the discovery process 141
Running pilots and experiments 143
Setting up living labs 144
Engaging in hackathons 145
Participating in urban challenges 149
Open innovation versus closed innovation 151
Sharing urban innovation 152
Converting ideas into projects 153
Chapter 8: Enabling Change through Technology 155
Recognizing Technological Change in Modern Cities 156
From analog to digital 157
The fourth industrial revolution 160
The fourth industrial revolution and cities 162
The Internet of Things (IoT) 163
Exploring a Variety of Urban Technologies 166
Social media and communication tools 166
Artificial intelligence (AI) 169
Blockchain technology 171
Autonomous vehicles (AVs) 175
Drones 178
Wireless communications 181
Smart street lighting 184
Smart grids and microgrids 189
Smart water 192
Digital twins 193
Digital signage 196
Application programming interfaces (APIs) 198
Chapter 9: Unleashing the Power of City Data 205
Becoming City-Data-Savvy 205
Enabling data-driven decision-making 207
Managing data 208
Developing a data strategy 209
Implementing data governance 211
Working with City Data 214
Securing data 214
Opening data 215
Making sense of data through analytics 218
Using geographic information systems (GIS) 220
Hiring a city chief data officer 223
Part 4: Planning For An Urban Future 225
Chapter 10: Building a Secure Foundation 227
Securing Your Smart City 228
Urban resilience 228
Public safety 233
Addressing Digital Security and Privacy 238
Cybersecurity 239
Privacy 241
Chapter 11: Imagining the City of the Future 245
Recognizing That the Best Is Yet to Come 246
Green cities 247
Inclusive cities 251
Healthy cities 253
Regenerative cities 256
Envisioning Big Ideas 259
Hyperloop 260
Flying cars 262
Cities without cars 264
Chapter 12: Engaging in Your City’s Future 267
Embracing an Urban Future 268
An increase in civic engagement 270
Continuous improvement in urban quality of life 274
The difference between quality of life and standard of living 275
Making a Better Tomorrow 278
It’s your community — get involved 280
Five things you can do tomorrow 281
Part 5: The Part of Tens 283
Chapter 13: Ten Smart City Pitfalls to Avoid 285
Making Your Smart City Project a Tech Program and Putting IT in Charge 286
Garnering Insufficient Support and Engagement from Stakeholders 287
Limiting Efforts to Your City Boundaries 288
Paying Insufficient Attention to Inclusiveness Issues 289
Moving Forward with Inadequate Governance 289
Working with No Clear Vision for the Program 290
Downplaying the Essential Roles of Security and Privacy 291
Sharing Successes and Failures Too Narrowly 292
Sticking Stubbornly to the Old Ways of Doing Things 293
Thinking Too Short-Term 294
Chapter 14: Ten Ways Cities Will Define Our Human Future 295
Most People Will Live, Work, and Play Their Entire Lives in Cities 296
The Increasing Demands of Sustainability Will Shape Human Behavior 297
City Interactions Will Increasingly Be Digital 298
City Data Will Drive Community Decision-Making 299
People Will Have Expanded Opportunities to Co-Create and Collaborate on Urban Solutions 300
Crime May Be Reduced Significantly 301
More Diversity Will Show Up in What Humans Do and How They Work 302
The Way People and Goods Move Will Continue to Evolve 303
The Delivery of Healthcare Will Be Transformed 305
Everything Will Be Delivered 307
Part 6: Appendixes 309
Appendix A: Smart City Strategies 311
Africa 311
Asia 312
Australia 313
Europe 315
Middle East 317
North America 319
South America 321
Appendix B: Smart City Organizations 323
Appendix C: Open Data Portals 333
Africa 333
Asia 334
Australia and New Zealand 335
Eastern Europe and Russia 336
Western Europe 337
Middle East 339
North America 340
South America 343
Appendix D: Solutions Built on Open Data 345
Appendix E: City Performance Dashboards 351
Asia 351
Australia and New Zealand 352
Europe 353
Middle East 354
North America 354
South America 356
Index 357
