| Use of the Z Accelerator for Isentropic and Shock Compression Studies | p. 1 |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Experimental Technique | p. 3 |
| ICE Experimental Configuration | p. 3 |
| MHD Modeling | p. 5 |
| Pulse Shaping | p. 10 |
| Magnetically Accelerated Flyer Plates | p. 13 |
| Analysis Techniques | p. 17 |
| Applications | p. 22 |
| Isentropic EOS Measurements | p. 22 |
| Phase Transitions | p. 24 |
| Constitutive Properties | p. 28 |
| Magnetically Accelerated Flyer Plates | p. 30 |
| Conclusion | p. 38 |
| References | p. 40 |
| Ultrashort Laser Shock Dynamics | p. 47 |
| Introduction | p. 47 |
| Laser Shock Generation | p. 48 |
| Laser Driven Flyers | p. 48 |
| Ablated Reactive Layer Shock Launch | p. 49 |
| Direct Laser Drive | p. 50 |
| Laser Shock Diagnostics | p. 60 |
| Interferometry | p. 60 |
| Frequency Domain Interferometry (FDI) | p. 61 |
| Ultrafast Interferometric Microscopy | p. 62 |
| Dynamic Ellipsometry | p. 66 |
| Affect on Optical Properties | p. 67 |
| Shocked Metals | p. 67 |
| Shocked Dielectrics | p. 73 |
| Ultrafast Spectroscopy | p. 76 |
| UV/Visible | p. 76 |
| Raman | p. 77 |
| Coherent Raman | p. 78 |
| Infrared Absorption | p. 81 |
| Measurement of Shock Wave Properties | p. 85 |
| Rise Time Measurements | p. 86 |
| Ultrafast Shock-Induced Chemistry | p. 92 |
| Shock-Induced Reaction in Al Nanoparticles | p. 93 |
| Shock-Induced Reaction in Polyvinyl Nitrate Thin Films | p. 94 |
| References | p. 98 |
| Failure Waves and Their Effects on Penetration Mechanics in Glass and Ceramics | p. 105 |
| Introduction | p. 105 |
| Summary of Observations of Plane Failure Waves | p. 106 |
| Experimental Methods and Particular Results | p. 108 |
| Chemical Composition and Physical Properties of Various Glasses | p. 108 |
| Elastic Compression of Glass | p. 108 |
| Failure Waves in Glass Plates | p. 110 |
| Failure Waves in Glass Bars | p. 115 |
| Failure Waves in Diverging Stress Fields | p. 119 |
| Failure Waves in Polycrystalline and Single Crystal Materials | p. 121 |
| Proposed Mechanisms and Modeling of Failure Waves | p. 123 |
| Degradation of Shear Modulus of Glass | p. 123 |
| Phase Transformation | p. 124 |
| Elastic Strain Energy | p. 124 |
| Inhomogeneous Shear (Microcracking) Flow | p. 125 |
| Phenomenological Model Based on Damage-Induced, Self-propagating Failure Wave | p. 127 |
| Heterogeneous Microdamage from Stress Concentrations | p. 127 |
| Mesoscale Models | p. 133 |
| Terminal Ballistics | p. 133 |
| Ceramic Armor and Failure Waves | p. 133 |
| Brittle Projectiles | p. 136 |
| References | p. 137 |
| Empirical Equations of State for Solids | p. 143 |
| Introduction | p. 143 |
| Physics Background | p. 144 |
| Thermodynamics | p. 145 |
| Shock Relations | p. 148 |
| Example Hugoniot Loci | p. 151 |
| Complete EOS | p. 154 |
| Ideal Gas EOS | p. 154 |
| Stiffened Gas EOS | p. 155 |
| Hayes EOS | p. 156 |
| Generalized Hayes EOS | p. 159 |
| Mie-Gruneisen EOS | p. 166 |
| Hugoniot as Reference | p. 168 |
| Isentrope as Reference | p. 174 |
| Porous Materials | p. 175 |
| Equilibrium Mixture | p. 178 |
| Wide Domain Model EOS | p. 180 |
| Generalized Mie-Gruneisen EOS | p. 180 |
| Tabular EOS | p. 181 |
| Concluding Remarks | p. 182 |
| References | p. 185 |
| Elastic-Plastic Shock Waves | p. 189 |
| Introduction | p. 189 |
| Uniaxial Flow | p. 190 |
| Hyperelastic Model | p. 191 |
| Flow Equations | p. 194 |
| Shock Locus | p. 196 |
| Example | p. 199 |
| Illustrative Wave Profiles | p. 201 |
| Split Elastic-Plastic Wave | p. 202 |
| Overdriven Plastic Wave | p. 206 |
| Additional Wave Structures | p. 206 |
| VISAR Time Histories | p. 210 |
| Extension to Three-dimensions | p. 214 |
| Elastic Flow | p. 214 |
| Plastic Flow | p. 218 |
| Summary | p. 220 |
| References | p. 223 |
| Elements of Phenomenological Plasticity: Geometrical Insight, Computational Algorithms, and Topics in Shock Physics | p. 225 |
| Introduction | p. 225 |
| Notation and Terminology | p. 226 |
| Rate-Independent Plasticity | p. 232 |
| Applicability of the Governing Equations | p. 235 |
| Discussion of the Governing Equations | p. 237 |
| Interpreting and Integrating the Stress Rate | p. 243 |
| Nonhardening von Mises (J[subscript 2]) Plasticity | p. 248 |
| Phantom Inelastic Partitioning | p. 250 |
| Rate Dependence | p. 254 |
| Plastic Wave Speeds | p. 263 |
| Conclusions | p. 269 |
| References | p. 271 |
| Numerical Methods for Shocks in Solids | p. 275 |
| Introduction | p. 275 |
| The History of Hydrocodes | p. 276 |
| The Discretization of Time and Space | p. 277 |
| The Structure of Hydrocodes | p. 279 |
| The Lagrangian Step | p. 280 |
| The Fundamental Importance of the Discrete Gradient Operator | p. 280 |
| Updating the State Variables | p. 282 |
| The Finite Element Method | p. 284 |
| A Finite Difference Method: Integral Differencing | p. 287 |
| The Godunov Method | p. 289 |
| Particle Methods | p. 291 |
| The Shock Viscosity | p. 298 |
| Contact Boundary Conditions | p. 300 |
| Contact Force Calculations | p. 302 |
| The Eulerian Step | p. 304 |
| Modification of the Lagrange Step for Eulerian Formulations: Multi-Material Elements | p. 304 |
| Interface Reconstruction | p. 307 |
| Transport Methods | p. 308 |
| Transport in One Dimension | p. 311 |
| Transport in Two and Three Dimensions | p. 313 |
| Future Research Directions | p. 314 |
| References | p. 315 |
| Mesoscale Modeling of Shocks in Heterogeneous Reactive Materials | p. 321 |
| Introduction | p. 321 |
| Microstructure of Composite Explosives | p. 322 |
| Some Historical Observations | p. 323 |
| Detonation at the Mesoscale | p. 324 |
| Mesoscale Modeling Approaches | p. 325 |
| Particle-Based Methods | p. 326 |
| Quasiparticle Methods | p. 328 |
| Direct Numerical Simulation Methods | p. 329 |
| Mesoscale Stochastic Models | p. 333 |
| Mesoscale Model of a Granular Explosive | p. 335 |
| Mesoscale Model of a Composite Explosive | p. 335 |
| Mesoscale Model of Detonation in a Granular Explosive | p. 337 |
| Experimental Studies of Mesoscale Behavior | p. 339 |
| Investigations of Ordered Granular Material | p. 340 |
| Investigations of Disordered Heterogeneous Materials | p. 341 |
| Observations of Mesoscale Reaction Effects | p. 343 |
| Homogenization Methods | p. 344 |
| Linking Modeling to Observations | p. 345 |
| Future Prospective and Summary | p. 349 |
| References | p. 351 |
| Index | p. 357 |
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