SCADA

Preface to the Fourth Edition

Unit 1: Introduction and Overview
1-1. Text Coverage
1-2. Purpose
1-3. Audience and Prerequisites
1-4. Study Materials
1-5. Organization and Sequence
1-6. Course Objectives
1-7. Course Length

Unit 2: SCADA â" Purpose, Elements, and Layout
2-1. Purpose of a SCADA System
2-2. Applicable Processes
2-3. Elements of a SCADA System
2-4. SCADA Layout
2-5. A Limited Two-Way System
Unit 2. Exercises

Unit 3: Historical Developmentâ"Analog and Digital
3-1. Analog Signals, Measurement, and Control
3-2. Discrete Signals, Measurement, and Control
3-3. Development from Telemetry
3-4. Dependence on Communication and Computers
Unit 3. Exercises

Unit 4: Real-Time Systems
4-1. Is SCADA Real-Time?
4-2. Continuous Process Control
4-3. Communications Access and "Master-Slave"
4-4. Determining Scan Interval
4-5. Where to Compute?
Unit 4. Exercises

Unit 5: Control System Elements: Sensors, Actuators, and Algorithms
5-1. A Forgotten Cost
5-2. Special Considerations
5-3. Standardization
5-4. Maintenance
5-5. Local Controllers
5-6. Controllers in RTUs
Unit 5. Exercises

Unit 6: Field/RTU Communications
6-1. Three Rules of Communication
6-2. Analog Pneumatic and Hydraulic Signals
6-3. Analog Electronic Controllers
6-4. Digital Electrical Communication
6-5. How Digital Worksâ"Analog to Binary to Digital
6-6. Parallel or Serial?
6-7. Communication Topology
6-8. Fieldbus and Similar Standards
Unit 6. Exercises

Unit 7: Remote Terminal Unitsâ"RTUs
7-1. What Does an RTU Do?
7-2. Communications Interface
7-3. Protocol Detailed
7-4. Discrete Control
7-5. Analog Control
7-6. Pulse Control
7-7. Serial Control
7-8. Monitor Discrete Signals
7-9. Monitor Pulse Count Signals
7-10. Monitor Serial Signals
7-11. Non-RTU Functions
7-12. RTU Hardware Choices
Unit 7. Exercises

Unit 8: RTU/MTU Communication
8-1. Communications System Components
8-2. Protocol
8-3. Modems
8-4. Synchronous or Asynchronous?
8-5. Telephone Cable or Radio?
8-6. Simplex or Duplex?
8-7. Turn-On Time
8-8. Frequencies: Are They Available?
8-9. Path Studies and Seasonal Variations
8-10. Solar Variations
8-11. Reliability and Maintenance
8-12. Satellite Communications
8-13. Cell Phones
8.14 Internet SCADA
Unit 8. Exercises

Unit 9: Master Terminal Unitsâ"MTUs
9-1. Communications Interface
9-2. Configuring a Picture of the Process
9-3. Some Simple Applications
9-4. Data Storage
Unit 9. Exercises

Unit 10: Operator Interface
10-1. Operator Interface on Very Small Systems
10-2. Operator Interface on Mid-sized Systems
10-3. Operator Interface on Large Systems
10-4. Local Security Considerations
10-5. Monitor Status Points
10-6. Monitoring Alarms
10-7. Totalized Values and Trending
10-8. Control Interfacing
10-9. Reports
10-10. Parallel Operator Interface
Unit 10. Exercises

Unit 11: Remote Controlâ"What Not to SCADA
11-1. Murphy's Law and Remote Control
11-2. Safety Instrumented Systems
11-3. Regulatory Requirements
Unit 11 Exercises

Unit 12: Security
12-1. What Is the Risk?
12-2. Risk Evaluation Procedures
12-3. Risk Mitigation
12-4. Document and Follow-Up
Unit 12. Exercises

Unit 13: Applications
13-1. Real Time Revisited
13-2. Accounting and Quality of Data
13-3. Scanning and Communications
13-4. Automatic or Remote Control
13-5. Advisory Applications
Unit 13. Exercises

Unit 14: What's Next?
14-1. Communications Technologyâ"Field Data
14-2. Communications Technologyâ"RTU/MTU
14-3. Reductions in SCADA/Enterprise Communications
14-4. More Fully Automatic Applications
Unit 14. Exercises

Unit 15: SCADA Economics
15-1. Costs versus Benefits]
15-2. The Time Value of Money
15-3. Capital Costs
15-4. Training and Maintenance Costs
15-5. SCADA Operating Costs
15-6. Benefits: Reduced Capital Costs
15-7. Benefits: Reduced Operating Costs
15-8. Benefits: Improved Facility Effectiveness
15-9. Tax Implications
Unit 15. Exercises

Appendix A: Suggested Readings and Study Materials

Appendix B: Glossary of SCADA Terminology

Appendix C: Solutions to All Unit Exercises