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Artech House Mobile Communications

By: Peter Kenington

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Hardcover | 31 July 2005

At a Glance

Hardcover
352 Pages

Dimensions(cm)
25.4 x 17.78 x 2.54

Hardcover

$363.75

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This authoritative book gives you new perspective on the RF and analog hardware and systems design aspects of software defined radio. It delves into the architecture of transmitters and receivers that make software-defined radio a reality. Covering both the practical aspects and underpinnings of these architectures, the book details all key RF and analog baseband components and sub-systems, from the converters that interface with DSPs and ASICs through to the duplexer feeding the antenna. It enables you to select the right technique for any application by providing alternatives for implementing the main system components.

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Non-Fiction Engineering & Technology Electronics & Communications Engineering Communications Engineering & Telecommunications Radio Technology Energy Technology & Engineering Electrical Engineering Industrial Chemistry & Manufacturing Technologies

Preface	p. xi
Scope of This Book	p. xi
Organisation of the Text	p. xi
Acknowledgements	p. xiii
Introduction	p. 1
What Is a Software-Defined Radio?	p. 1
The Requirement for Software-Defined Radio	p. 2
Introduction	p. 2
Legacy Systems	p. 2
The Benefits of Multi-standard Terminals	p. 3
Economies of Scale	p. 4
Global Roaming	p. 4
Service Upgrading	p. 4
Adaptive Modulation and Coding	p. 5
Operational Requirements	p. 5
Key Requirements	p. 5
Reconfiguration Mechanisms	p. 6
Business Models for Software-Defined Radio	p. 7
Introduction	p. 7
Base-Station Model	p. 7
Impact of OBSAI and CPRI	p. 11
Handset Model	p. 12
New Base-Station and Network Architectures	p. 13
Separation of Digital and RF	p. 14
Tower-Top Mounting	p. 15
BTS Hoteling	p. 16
Smart Antenna Systems	p. 18
Introduction	p. 18
Smart Antenna System Architectures	p. 19
Power Consumption Issues	p. 19
Calibration Issues	p. 21
Projects and Sources of Information on Software Defined Radio	p. 22
SDR Forum	p. 22
World Wide Research Forum (WWRF)	p. 23
European Projects	p. 23
References	p. 24
Basic Architecture of a Software Defined Radio	p. 25
Software Defined Radio Architectures	p. 25
Ideal Software Defined Radio Architecture	p. 26
Required Hardware Specifications	p. 27
Digital Aspects of a Software Defined Radio	p. 30
Digital Hardware	p. 30
Alternative Digital Processing Options for BTS Applications	p. 33
Alternative Digital Processing Options for Handset Applications	p. 35
Current Technology Limitations	p. 41
A/D Signal-to-Noise Ratio and Power Consumption	p. 41
Derivation of Minimum Power Consumption	p. 43
Power Consumption Examples	p. 47
ADC Performance Trends	p. 51
Impact of Superconducting Technologies on Future SDR Systems	p. 54
References	p. 55
Flexible RF Receiver Architectures	p. 57
Introduction	p. 57
Receiver Architecture Options	p. 57
Single-Carrier Designs	p. 57
Multi-Carrier Receiver Designs	p. 60
Zero IF Receiver Architectures	p. 60
Use of a Six-Port Network in a Direct-Conversion Receiver	p. 82
Implementation of a Digital Receiver	p. 84
Introduction	p. 84
Frequency Conversion Using Undersampling	p. 84
Achieving Processing Gain Using Oversampling	p. 85
Elimination of Receiver Spurious Products	p. 86
Noise Figure	p. 88
Receiver Sensitivity	p. 92
Blocking and Intercept Point	p. 93
Converter Performance Limitations	p. 95
ADC Spurious Signals	p. 97
Use of Dither to Reduce ADC Spurii	p. 107
Alternative SFDR Improvement Techniques	p. 109
Impact of Input Signal Modulation on Unwanted Spectral Products	p. 109
Aperture Error	p. 110
Impact of Clock Jitter on ADC Performance	p. 111
Impact of Synthesiser Phase Noise on SDR Receiver Performance	p. 117
Converter Noise Figure	p. 118
Influence of Phase Noise on EVM for a Linear Transceiver	p. 120
Introduction	p. 120
SVE Calculation Without Phase Noise Disturbance	p. 122
Approximation of a Local Oscillator Phase Noise Characteristic	p. 124
Incorporation of the LO Phase Noise into the EVM Calculation	p. 125
Example Results	p. 127
EVM Performance of a Multi-Stage System	p. 131
Relationship Between EVM, PCDE, and [rho]	p. 134
References	p. 135
Multi-Band and General Coverage Systems	p. 139
Introduction	p. 139
Multi-Band Flexible Receiver Design	p. 140
The Problem of the Diplexer	p. 142
RF Transmit/Receive Switch	p. 146
Switched Diplexers	p. 151
Diplexer Elimination by Cancellation	p. 152
Achieving Image Rejection	p. 158
Introduction	p. 158
Use of a High IF	p. 158
Image-Reject Mixing	p. 159
Dynamic Range Enhancement	p. 170
Feedback Techniques	p. 171
Feedforward Techniques	p. 173
Cascaded Non-Linearity Techniques	p. 178
Use of Diplexer Elimination, Image-Reject Mixing, and High Dynamic Range Techniques in a Receiver	p. 179
References	p. 180
Flexible Transmitters and PAs	p. 183
Introduction	p. 183
Differences in PA Requirements for Base Stations and Handsets	p. 184
Comparison of Requirements	p. 184
Linearisation and Operational Bandwidths	p. 185
Linear Upconversion Architectures	p. 186
Analogue Quadrature Upconversion	p. 186
Quadrature Upconversion with Interpolation	p. 194
Interpolated Bandpass Upconversion	p. 197
Digital IF Upconversion	p. 198
Multi-Carrier Upconversion	p. 199
Weaver Upconversion	p. 201
Non-Ideal Performance of High-Speed DACs	p. 204
Linear Transmitter Utilising an RF DAC	p. 205
Use of Frequency Multiplication in a Linear Upconverter	p. 209
Constant-Envelope Upconversion Architectures	p. 210
PLL-Based Reference or Divider Modulated Transmitter	p. 210
PLL-Based Directly-Modulated VCO Transmitter	p. 211
PLL-Based Input Reference Modulated Transmitter	p. 212
Use of a Direct-Digital Synthesizer to Modulate a PLL-Based Transmitter	p. 213
A PLL-Based Transmitter Utilising Modulated Fractional-N Synthesis	p. 213
Broadband Quadrature Techniques	p. 215
Introduction to Quadrature Techniques	p. 216
Active All-Pass Filter	p. 216
Use of Highpass and Lowpass Filters	p. 217
Polyphase Filtering	p. 221
Broadband Passive All-Pass Networks	p. 222
Multi-Zero Networks	p. 225
Tunable Broadband Phase Splitter	p. 225
Lange Coupler	p. 227
Multiplier-Divider Techniques	p. 228
References	p. 229
Linearisation and RF Synthesis Techniques Applied to SDR Transmitters	p. 233
Introduction	p. 233
Power Amplifier Linearisation Techniques	p. 233
Predistortion	p. 234
Analogue Predistortion	p. 234
Feedforward	p. 244
Basic Operation	p. 245
Power Efficiency	p. 248
Maintaining Feedforward System Performance	p. 251
Performance Stabilisation Techniques	p. 253
Relative Merits of the Feedforward Technique	p. 261
Transmitter Linearisation Techniques	p. 262
Digital Predistortion	p. 262
Relative Merits of Predistortion Techniques	p. 276
Feedback Techniques	p. 277
RF Feedback	p. 277
Envelope Feedback	p. 278
Polar Loop	p. 280
Cartesian Loop	p. 284
RF Synthesis Techniques	p. 287
Polar RF Synthesis Transmitter	p. 287
Sigma-Delta Techniques	p. 295
Power Efficiency	p. 296
Summary of the Relative Merits of Various Linear Amplifier and Transmitter Techniques	p. 297
References	p. 301
90[degree] Phase-Shift Networks	p. 305
General Structure	p. 305
Reference	p. 309
Phase Noise in RF Oscillators	p. 311
Leesons Equation	p. 311
SSB Phase Noise Characteristic of a Basic Oscillator	p. 311
Leesons Equation	p. 311
References	p. 312
Acronyms and Abbreviations	p. 313
About the Author	p. 319
Index	p. 321
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

Artech House Mobile Communications

At a Glance

Hardcover

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