| Preface | p. ix |
| Prologue: Hilbert's last problem | p. 1 |
| Introduction | p. 3 |
| The idea of a proof | p. 3 |
| Proof analysis: an introductory example | p. 4 |
| Outline | p. 9 |
| Proof Systems Based on Natural Deduction | |
| Rules of proof: natural deduction | p. 17 |
| Natural deduction with general elimination rules | p. 17 |
| Normalization of derivations | p. 23 |
| From axioms to rules of proof | p. 29 |
| The theory of equality | p. 32 |
| Predicate logic with equality and its word problem | p. 35 |
| Notes to Chapter 2 | p. 37 |
| Axiomatic systems | p. 39 |
| Organization of an axiomatization | p. 39 |
| Relational theories and existential axioms | p. 46 |
| Notes to Chapter 3 | p. 49 |
| Order and lattice theory | p. 50 |
| Order relations | p. 50 |
| Lattice theory | p. 52 |
| The word problem for groupoids | p. 57 |
| Rule systems with eigenvariables | p. 62 |
| Notes to Chapter 4 | p. 67 |
| Theories with existence axioms | p. 68 |
| Existence in natural deduction | p. 68 |
| Theories of equality and order again | p. 71 |
| Relational lattice theory | p. 73 |
| Notes to Chapter 5 | p. 82 |
| Proof Systems Based on Sequent Calculus | |
| Rules of proof: sequent calculus | p. 85 |
| From natural deduction to sequent calculus | p. 85 |
| Extensions of sequent calculus | p. 97 |
| Predicate logic with equality | p. 106 |
| Herbrand's theorem for universal theories | p. 110 |
| Notes to Chapter 6 | p. 111 |
| Linear order | p. 113 |
| Partial order and Szpilrajn's theorem | p. 113 |
| The word problem for linear order | p. 119 |
| Linear lattices | p. 123 |
| Notes to Chapter 7 | p. 128 |
| Proof Systems for Geometric Theories | |
| Geometric theories | p. 133 |
| Systems of geometric rules | p. 133 |
| Proof theory of geometric theories | p. 138 |
| Barr's theorem | p. 144 |
| Notes to Chapter 8 | p. 145 |
| Classical and intuitionistic axiomatics | p. 147 |
| The duality of classical and constructive notions and proofs | p. 147 |
| From geometric to co-geometric axioms and rules | p. 150 |
| Duality of dependent types and degenerate cases | p. 155 |
| Notes to Chapter 9 | p. 156 |
| Proof analysis in elementary geometry | p. 157 |
| Projective geometry | p. 157 |
| Affine geometry | p. 173 |
| Examples of proof analysis in geometry | p. 180 |
| Notes to Chapter 10 | p. 181 |
| Proof Systems for Non-Classical Logics | |
| Modal logic | p. 185 |
| The language and axioms of modal logic | p. 185 |
| Kripke semantics | p. 187 |
| Formal Kripke semantics | p. 189 |
| Structural properties of modal calculi | p. 193 |
| Decidability | p. 201 |
| Modal calculi with equality, undefinability results | p. 210 |
| Completeness | p. 213 |
| Notes to Chapter 11 | p. 219 |
| Quantified modal logic, provability logic, & other non-classical logics | p. 222 |
| Adding the quantifiers | p. 222 |
| Provability logic | p. 234 |
| Intermediate logics | p. 239 |
| Substructural logics | p. 249 |
| Notes to Chapter 12 | p. 251 |
| Bibliography | p. 254 |
| Index of names | p. 262 |
| Index of subjects | p. 264 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |