| High-Throughput Probes for Near-Field Optics and Their Applications | p. 1 |
| High-Throughput Probes | p. 1 |
| Mode Analysis in a Metallized Tapered Probe | p. 1 |
| Light Propagation in a Tapered Probe with Ideal Metal Cladding | p. 4 |
| Measurement of the Spatial Distribution of Optical Near-Field Intensity in the Tapered Probe | p. 6 |
| Further Increase in Throughput | p. 10 |
| Application to High-Density and High-Speed Optical Memory | p. 19 |
| Using an Apertured Fiber Probe | p. 19 |
| High-Density and High-Speed Recording Using a Pyramidal Silicon Probe on a Contact Slider | p. 20 |
| Outlook | p. 27 |
| References | p. 27 |
| Modulation of an Electron Beam in Optical Near-Fields | p. 29 |
| Introduction | p. 29 |
| Review of Experiments | p. 30 |
| Smith-Purcell Effect | p. 30 |
| Schwarz-Hora Effect | p. 31 |
| Basic Principle | p. 32 |
| Microgap Interaction Circuits | p. 35 |
| Circuit Configuration | p. 35 |
| Transition Rates of Electrons | p. 36 |
| Theoretical Analyses of a Microslit | p. 40 |
| Near-Field Distributions | p. 40 |
| Wave Number Spectrum | p. 43 |
| Numerical Simulations | p. 44 |
| Experiment | p. 47 |
| Experimental Setup | p. 48 |
| Electron Energy Spectrum | p. 48 |
| Modulation with Laser Field | p. 51 |
| Wave Number Spectrum | p. 52 |
| Multiple-Gap Circuit | p. 53 |
| Inverse Smith-Purcell Effect | p. 53 |
| Experimental Setup | p. 55 |
| Phase Matching Condition | p. 55 |
| Field Distributions | p. 56 |
| Microslit for Visible Light | p. 57 |
| Conclusion | p. 59 |
| References | p. 59 |
| Fluorescence Spectroscopy with Surface Plasmon Excitation | p. 61 |
| Introduction | p. 61 |
| Theoretical Considerations | p. 61 |
| Surface Plasmons at the Interface Between a (Noble) Metal and a Dielectric Medium | p. 61 |
| Optical Excitation of Surface Plasmons | p. 64 |
| Surface Plasmons for the Characterization of Thin Layers | p. 67 |
| Electromagnetic Field Distribution near the Interface | p. 68 |
| Fluorescent Chromophores near Metal Surfaces | p. 70 |
| Experimental | p. 72 |
| Results and Discussion | p. 74 |
| Experimental Verifcation of Surface Field Enhancement | p. 74 |
| Frontside Versus Backside Emission | p. 76 |
| Conclusions | p. 80 |
| References | p. 81 |
| Optical Characterization of In(Ga)As/GaAs Self-assembled Quantum Dots Using Near-Field Spectroscopy | p. 83 |
| Introduction | p. 83 |
| Relaxation Mechanism | p. 84 |
| Optical Properties of Self-assembled Quantum Dots: Far-Field Analysis | p. 86 |
| Photoluminescence Spectroscopy | p. 86 |
| Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy | p. 87 |
| Photoluminescence Excitation Spectroscopy | p. 89 |
| Raman Spectroscopy | p. 90 |
| Near-Field Optical Spectroscopy | p. 92 |
| Ground-State Emission | p. 94 |
| Interaction with Phonons | p. 101 |
| Carrier Relaxation | p. 106 |
| Dephasing of Excited Carrier | p. 107 |
| Spin Relaxation | p. 111 |
| Conclusion | p. 115 |
| References | p. 115 |
| Quantum Theoretical Approach to Optical Near-Fields and Some Related Applications | p. 119 |
| Introduction | p. 119 |
| Basic Idea and Massive Virtual Photon Model | p. 120 |
| Projection Operator Method | p. 121 |
| Definition of the Projection Operator | p. 122 |
| Properties of the Projection Operator | p. 122 |
| Effective Operator and Effective Interaction | p. 123 |
| Equation for the Operator J and Its Approximate Solution | p. 125 |
| Effective Interaction Operator in an Approximation | p. 126 |
| Electromagnetic Interaction with Matter: Minimal-Coupling and Multipole Hamiltonians | p. 127 |
| Minimal-Coupling Hamiltonian | p. 127 |
| Multipole Hamiltonian | p. 129 |
| Elementary Excitation Modes and Electronic Polarization | p. 133 |
| Polaritons and Electronic Polarization | p. 134 |
| Optical Near-Field Interaction: Yukawa Potential | p. 137 |
| Relevant Microscopic Subsystem and Irrelevant Macroscopic Subsystem | p. 137 |
| P Space and Q Space | p. 138 |
| Effective Interaction in the Nanometric Subsystem | p. 138 |
| Effective Mass Approximation of Exciton Polaritons and Yukawa Potential | p. 141 |
| Applications | p. 143 |
| Single Atom Manipulation | p. 143 |
| Fundamental Properties of Optical Near-Field Microscopy | p. 148 |
| Outlook | p. 154 |
| References | p. 155 |
| Index | p. 159 |
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