Problem-Solution Approach

A Problem-Solution Approach

By: Lee Babin, Jon Stephens, Frank M. Kromann

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Paperback | 1 September 2005

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676 Pages

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As the Internet continues to evolve, so too does the necessity for a language that addresses the functionality needs of the Internet's web viewers. Over time, some programming l- guages have come and gone, and others have continued to evolve. Several languages have moved into the lead in the race for supremacy. Although languages such as ColdFusion, ASP.NET, and CGI certainly have their advantages, PHP seems to be the developer's choice for a versatile, open-source solution. PHP has grown over the years and, thanks to its devotees, has continued to adopt the functionality most preferred by its user base. By actually listening to the developers to help guide PHP's development path, the PHP creators have introduced some impressive functi- ality over the years. However, PHP 4, while a sound developmental language and tool, was lacking on a few fronts. For instance, it had a means for developers to take an object-oriented approach, but several key pieces of functionality were not implemented, such as exception handling and session support (for objects). PHP 5 has changed all that. No longer must developers write classes that are missing functionality. Available to PHP is a full set of object-oriented development tools. Of particular note in PHP 5 is the ability to protect class variables in several ways. In addition, inheritance difficulties are now a thing of the past, and exception handling has become a nice way of t- ing care of pesky errors and validation.

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Non-Fiction Computing & I.T.Computer Programming & Software Development Programming & Scripting Languages Web Programming Digital Lifestyle & Online World: Consumer & User Guides Internet Guides & Online Services Software Engineering

About the Authors	p. xv
About the Technical Reviewer	p. xvii
Introduction	p. xix
Overview of PHP Data Types and Concepts	p. 1
Variables	p. 2
Numbers	p. 4
Arrays	p. 5
Strings	p. 6
Regular Expressions	p. 7
Functions	p. 8
Project: Finding the Data Type of a Value	p. 10
Project: Discovering What Variables, Constants, Functions, Classes, and Interfaces Are Available	p. 12
Getting Information About the Current Script	p. 14
Summary	p. 19
Looking Ahead	p. 19
Overview of Classes, Objects, and Interfaces	p. 21
Understanding Basic Concepts	p. 22
Creating Instances Using Constructors	p. 24
Using Default Constructors	p. 26
Setting Object Properties	p. 27
Controlling Access to Class Members	p. 30
Using Static Members and the self Keyword	p. 33
Using Class Constants	p. 37
Extending Classes	p. 43
Using Abstract Classes and Methods	p. 50
Using Interfaces	p. 53
Using Class Destructors	p. 55
Using Exceptions	p. 56
Getting Information About Classes and Objects	p. 61
Using Class and Object Functions	p. 61
Checking for the Existence of Classes and Interfaces Using class_exists() and interface_exists()	p. 63
Listing Methods and Interfaces Using get_class_methods()	p. 65
Obtaining Variable Names	p. 66
Determining Whether an Object Is an Instance of a Particular Class	p. 67
Listing Currently Loaded Interfaces and Classes	p. 69
Using the Class Reflection API	p. 71
Obtaining a Dump of the Reflection API	p. 73
Performing Dynamic Class Instantiation	p. 76
Using the Reflection API to Deconstruct the Shape Class	p. 77
Summary	p. 82
Looking Ahead	p. 83
Performing Math Operations	p. 85
Numeric Data Types	p. 85
Random Numbers	p. 95
Logarithms and Exponents	p. 100
Trigonometric Functions	p. 105
Formatting of Numeric Data	p. 108
Math Libraries	p. 113
A Static Math Class	p. 116
Summary	p. 119
Looking Ahead	p. 119
Working with Arrays	p. 121
Creating Arrays	p. 122
Accessing Array Elements	p. 122
Creating Multidimensional Arrays	p. 123
Using Array Keys	p. 124
Initializing an Array As a Range or Sequence of Values	p. 124
Outputting Arrays	p. 126
Outputting an Array As a String	p. 126
Outputting Using array_values() and array_keys() for Backward Compatibility	p. 126
Outputting an Array As a Tree	p. 128
Adding New Elements to Arrays	p. 131
Adding an Element to the End of an Array	p. 131
Appending One Array to Another	p. 132
Comparing Arrays	p. 135
Adding an Element to the Beginning of an Array	p. 137
Inserting New Values at an Arbitrary Point in an Indexed Array	p. 137
Getting and Setting the Size of an Array	p. 139
Counting Array Elements	p. 139
Setting an Array's Size	p. 141
Traversing Arrays	p. 144
Looping Through an Associative Array Using foreach	p. 144
Looping Through a Compact Indexed Array Using for and count()	p. 145
Looping Through a Sparse Array	p. 146
Removing Elements from Arrays	p. 147
Removing the First or Last Element from an Array	p. 148
Removing One or More Arbitrary Array Elements	p. 150
Extracting a Portion of an Array	p. 152
Extracting Values from Arrays with extract()	p. 154
Extracting Values from an Array Using list()	p. 156
Combining Arrays	p. 158
Obtaining Array Keys and Values	p. 159
Working with Unique Values	p. 160
Getting and Displaying Counts of Array Values	p. 161
Finding and Working with Array Values	p. 162
Determining Whether an Element Is in an Array	p. 163
Testing for the Existence of a Key in an Array	p. 164
Obtaining Array Keys with a Given Value	p. 165
Finding the Greatest and Least Values in an Array	p. 166
Finding the Sum and Average of the Values in an Array	p. 168
Applying Functions to Arrays	p. 169
Applying Functions to Array Elements Using array_walk()	p. 170
Applying Functions to Array Elements Using array_map()	p. 173
Filtering Arrays Using array_filter()	p. 175
Sorting Arrays	p. 178
Sorting an Array by Its Values	p. 178
Sorting an Array by Its Keys	p. 180
Reversing an Array Using arsort()	p. 181
Reversing an Array Using krsort()	p. 182
Reversing an Array Using array_reverse()	p. 182
Randomizing an Array Using shuffle(), kshuffle(), and array_rand()	p. 183
Sorting an Array Using Comparison Functions	p. 184
Sorting Multidimensional Arrays	p. 186
Sorting Multiple Arrays	p. 189
Finding Permutations and Combinations	p. 190
Finding All Permutations of an Array's Elements	p. 190
Finding All Combinations of an Array's Elements	p. 193
Summary	p. 194
Looking Ahead	p. 195
Working with Dates and Times	p. 197
Overview of PHP 5's Date and Time Functions	p. 198
Displaying Dates and Times	p. 200
Displaying Human-Readable Dates and Times	p. 201
Displaying Arbitrary Dates and Times	p. 204
Converting Human-Readable Dates Into Unix Timestamps Using strtotime()	p. 205
Finding the Date for a Weekday	p. 207
Getting the Day and Week of the Year	p. 211
Determining Whether a Given Year Is a Leap Year	p. 213
Getting Times and Dates of Files	p. 214
Setting Time Zones and GMT/UTC	p. 216
Displaying Times and Dates in Other Languages	p. 219
Generating Localized GMT/UTC Time and Date Strings	p. 224
Obtaining the Difference Between Two Dates	p. 225
Project: Constructing and Using a Date Class	p. 231
Extending the Date Class	p. 250
Summary	p. 263
Looking Ahead	p. 264
Working with Strings	p. 265
Manipulating Substrings	p. 266
Testing for Substrings	p. 267
Counting the Occurrences of a Substring	p. 269
Accessing Substrings	p. 269
Using Substring Alternatives	p. 270
Replacing Substrings	p. 271
Processing Strings	p. 273
Joining and Disassembling Strings	p. 273
Reversing Strings	p. 277
Controlling Case	p. 277
Trimming Blank Spaces	p. 279
Wrapping Text	p. 280
Checking String Length	p. 282
Comparing Strings	p. 283
Comparing Sound	p. 284
Project: Creating and Using a String Class	p. 285
Using a Page Reader Class	p. 285
Summary	p. 290
Looking Ahead	p. 290
Working with Files and Directories	p. 291
Working with Files	p. 291
Opening Files	p. 291
Reading from Files	p. 293
Writing to Files	p. 295
Closing Files	p. 296
Reading and Writing Comma-Separated Data	p. 298
Reading Fixed-Width Delimited Data	p. 300
Reading and Writing Binary Data in a File	p. 301
Getting the Number of Lines in a File	p. 303
Getting the Number of Characters, Words, or Paragraphs in a File	p. 304
Project: Creating and Using a File Class	p. 305
Working with Directories	p. 309
Listing All Files in the Current Directory	p. 310
Listing All Files of a Certain Type	p. 311
Sorting Files by Date	p. 313
Generating a Recursive Directory Listing	p. 314
Using the SPL Directorylterator Object	p. 316
Summary	p. 319
Looking Ahead	p. 319
Working with Dynamic Imaging	p. 321
Working with Image Types	p. 321
Working with JPGs	p. 321
Working with GIFs	p. 323
Working with PNGs	p. 325
Working with Image Libraries	p. 327
Creating an Image from Scratch	p. 327
Creating a Blank Canvas	p. 328
Creating and Using Colors	p. 329
Creating and Applying Different Shapes and Patterns	p. 331
Outputting an Image	p. 334
Creating an Image from an Existing Image	p. 336
Loading an Existing Image	p. 337
Applying Modifications to an Existing Image	p. 338
Saving and Outputting the Modified Image	p. 340
Using True Type Fonts	p. 341
Loading Fonts	p. 342
Applying True Type Fonts to an Image	p. 343
Project: Creating and Using a Dynamic Thumbnail Class	p. 345
Summary	p. 349
Looking Ahead	p. 349
Using Regular Expressions	p. 351
Overview of Regular Expression Syntax	p. 351
Qualifiers	p. 352
Ranges	p. 352
Line Anchors	p. 352
An Escape	p. 353
Saying OR	p. 353
Character Classes	p. 353
POSIX vs. PCRE	p. 353
POSIX	p. 354
PCRE	p. 355
Putting Regular Expressions to Work	p. 356
Using String Matching vs. Pattern Matching	p. 356
Finding the nth Occurrence of a Match	p. 358
Matching with Greedy vs. Nongreedy Expressions	p. 358
Matching a Valid IP Address	p. 360
Validating Pascal Case Names	p. 361
Validating U.S. Currency	p. 363
Formatting a Phone Number	p. 365
Finding Repeated Words	p. 367
Finding Words Not Followed by Other Words	p. 368
Matching a Valid E-mail Address	p. 369
Finding All Matching Lines in a File	p. 371
Finding Lines with an Odd Number of Quotes	p. 372
Capturing Text Inside HTML or XML Tags	p. 373
Escaping Special Characters	p. 375
Replacing URLs with Links	p. 377
Replacing Smart Quotes with Straight Quotes	p. 380
Testing the Complexity of Passwords	p. 380
Matching GUIDs/UUIDs	p. 381
Reading Records with a Delimiter	p. 382
Creating Your Own RegExp Class	p. 385
Summary	p. 391
Looking Ahead	p. 391
Working with Variables	p. 393
Using Variable Types	p. 394
Assigning and Comparing	p. 396
Typecasting	p. 402
Using Constants	p. 408
Defining Variable Scope	p. 411
Parsing Values to Functions	p. 417
Using Dynamic Variable and Function Names	p. 421
Encapsulating Complex Data Types	p. 425
Sharing Variables Between Processes	p. 429
Debugging	p. 431
Summary	p. 435
Looking Ahead	p. 435
Using Functions	p. 437
Accessing Function Parameters	p. 437
Setting Default Values for Function Parameters	p. 438
Passing Values by Reference	p. 439
Creating Functions That Take a Variale Number of Arguments	p. 440
Returning More Than One Value	p. 442
Returning Values by Reference	p. 443
Returning Failure	p. 445
Calling Variable Functions	p. 446
Accessing a Global Variable from Within a Function	p. 447
Creating Dynamic Functions	p. 449
Summary	p. 450
Looking Ahead	p. 451
Understanding Web Basics	p. 453
Using Cookies	p. 453
Setting Cookies	p. 454
Reading Cookies	p. 455
Deleting Cookies	p. 456
Writing and Using a Cookie Class	p. 457
Using HTTP Headers	p. 459
Redirecting to a Different Location	p. 460
Sending Content Types Other Than HTML	p. 461
Forcing File "Save As" Downloads	p. 462
Using Sessions	p. 463
Implementing Sessions	p. 464
Storing Simple Data Types in Sessions	p. 465
Storing Complex Data Types in Sessions	p. 466
Detecting Browsers	p. 467
Using Querystrings	p. 470
Using Querystrings	p. 470
Passing Numeric Values in a Querystring	p. 471
Passing String Values in a Querystring	p. 472
Passing Complex Values in a Querystring	p. 473
Authenticating Your Users	p. 475
Setting Up HTTP-Based Authentication	p. 475
Setting Up Cookie Authentication	p. 481
Using Environment and Configuration Variables	p. 484
Reading Environment and Configuration Variables	p. 484
Setting Environment and Configuration Variables	p. 485
Summary	p. 486
Looking Ahead	p. 486
Creating and Using Forms	p. 487
Understanding Common Form Issues	p. 487
GET vs. POST	p. 488
Superglobals vs. Globals	p. 490
Validating Form Input	p. 491
Working with Multipage Forms	p. 494
Redisplaying Forms with Preserved Information and Error Messages	p. 496
Preventing Multiple Submissions of a Form	p. 499
Preventing Multiple Submissions on the Server Side	p. 499
Preventing Multiple Submissions on the Client Side	p. 500
Performing File Uploads	p. 502
Handing Special Characters	p. 505
Creating Form Elements with Multiple Options	p. 506
Creating Form Elements Based on the Current Time and/or Date	p. 508
Summary	p. 510
Looking Ahead	p. 511
Working with Markup	p. 513
Understanding Markup Concepts	p. 513
Manually Generating Markup	p. 514
Using DOM to Generate Markup	p. 516
Creating and Setting Attributes	p. 520
Parsing XML	p. 523
Transforming XML with XSL	p. 528
Using RSS Feeds	p. 531
Using WDDX	p. 539
Using SOAP	p. 542
Summary	p. 549
Looking Ahead	p. 549
Using MySQL Databases in PHP 5	p. 551
Basic Database Concepts	p. 551
Connecting to a MySQL Database	p. 551
Querying the Database	p. 553
Retrieving and Displaying Results	p. 555
Modifying Data	p. 557
Deleting Data	p. 559
Building Queries on the Fly	p. 561
The mysqli Extension vs. the PHP 4 MySQL Extension	p. 564
Using the mysqli Object-Oriented API	p. 564
Using Exceptions to Handle Database Errors	p. 567
Project: Displaying Linked Search Results	p. 571
Displaying Results in a Form	p. 576
Project: Bridging the Gap Between mysql and mysqli	p. 579
Discovering Which Extension Is Being Used	p. 579
Writing a Wrapper Class to Bridge the Gap	p. 580
Project: Going from MySQL to XML and from XML to MySQL	p. 585
Summary	p. 596
Looking Ahead	p. 596
Communicating with Internet Services	p. 597
Sending Internet Mail	p. 597
Project: Sending an E-mail with a Mail Class	p. 599
Reading Mail with IMAP or POP3	p. 602
Getting and Putting Files with FTP	p. 614
Performing DNS Lookups	p. 621
Checking Whether a Host Is Alive	p. 623
Getting Information About a Domain Name	p. 627
Summary	p. 629
Index	p. 631
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

Problem-Solution Approach

A Problem-Solution Approach

At a Glance

Paperback

Shipping

How to return your order

Defective items

You Can Find This Book In

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