Practical RF Circuit Design for Modern Wireless Systems

Active Circuits and Systems Vol II

By: Rowan Gilmore, Les Besser

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Hardcover | 31 May 2003

At a Glance

Hardcover
630 Pages

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25.4 x 18.42 x 4.45

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The second of two authoritative, highly practical volumes, this hands-on resource covers active and nonlinear circuits, and introduces advanced topics in RF circuit and system design. The book opens with an overview of active RF devices and their modeling. It explores nonlinear circuit simulation techniques such as harmonic balance, and extensively illustrates the use of CAD tools in active circuit design throughout. This is a tested and insightful book that contains answers to most of the questions practical engineers are asking. In this thoroughly practical second volume, you learn the theory behind linear and low-noise RF amplifiers, high power RF transistor amplifiers, oscillators, mixers, and frequency multipliers, so you gain an intuitive understanding of their operation.

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Non-Fiction Engineering & Technology Electronics & Communications Engineering Communications Engineering & Telecommunications Radio Technology Electronics Engineering Circuits & Components Microwave Technology

Preface	p. xiii
Acknowledgments	p. xvii
Linear RF amplifier design--general considerations	p. 1
Introduction	p. 1
Power gain definitions	p. 3
Neutralization	p. 7
Unilateral transducer gain	p. 8
Unilateral figure of merit	p. 10
Illustrative example: unilateral gain calculations	p. 12
Amplifier design with single matching networks	p. 13
Unilateral constant gain circles	p. 15
Illustrative example: single-sided amplifier design	p. 15
RF circuit stability considerations	p. 19
What may cause RF oscillation	p. 22
Stability analysis with arbitrary source and load terminations	p. 25
Two-port stability considerations	p. 30
Stability circles	p. 35
Graphical forms of unconditional stability	p. 40
Graphical forms of potential instability	p. 41
Caution about multistage systems	p. 42
Stabilizing an active two-port	p. 46
Finding the minimum-loss resistor at the input of the device	p. 47
Broadband stability considerations	p. 49
Stabilization of a bipolar transistor	p. 50
Examining the effect of lossless feedback	p. 50
Device stabilization	p. 51
The dc bias techniques	p. 59
Passive dc bias networks	p. 60
Active dc bias circuits	p. 63
Feeding dc bias into the RF circuit	p. 64
The dc bias circuit simulation	p. 65
Filtering of dc bias networks	p. 69
Statistical and worst-case analyses	p. 69
Circuit layout considerations	p. 71
Summary	p. 74
Problems	p. 74
References	p. 75
Selected bibliography	p. 76
Linear and low-noise RF amplifiers	p. 77
Introduction	p. 77
Bilateral RF amplifier design for maximum small-signal gain	p. 78
Illustrative exercise: amplifier design for maximum gain, G[subscript MAX]	p. 82
Multistage amplifiers	p. 88
Cascading impedance-matched stages	p. 88
Cascading amplifiers by direct impedance matching	p. 89
Output power and impedance match considerations of cascaded amplifiers	p. 92
Operating gain design for maximum linear output power	p. 94
Operating gain design outline	p. 95
G[subscript P] versus P[subscript OUT] trade-offs	p. 97
Stability considerations	p. 97
Illustrative example: operating gain design for maximum linear power output	p. 98
Output match considerations	p. 101
Noise in RF circuits	p. 102
Review of noise sources in RF systems	p. 102
Two-port noise parameter definitions	p. 106
Available gain design technique	p. 107
Available gain design outline	p. 108
Low-noise amplifier design considerations	p. 110
Illustrative example: design of a single-ended 1.9-GHz LNA	p. 111
Balanced amplifiers	p. 114
Illustrative example: design of a balanced LNA for the 1.7- to 2.3-GHz frequency range	p. 116
Comparison of the various amplifier designs and Smith chart-based graphical design aids	p. 121
Broadband amplifiers	p. 123
Reactive match/mismatch approach	p. 124
Dissipative mismatch at input and/or output ports	p. 125
Amplifier-equalizer combinations	p. 129
Feedback amplifiers	p. 129
Distributed amplifiers	p. 141
Summary	p. 142
Problems	p. 143
References	p. 144
Selected bibliography	p. 145
Active RF devices and their modeling	p. 147
The diode model	p. 148
Two-port device models	p. 150
The output terminals of a two-port RF device	p. 150
The bipolar transistor	p. 153
The heterojunction bipolar transistor	p. 173
The GaAs MESFET	p. 177
The high-electron mobility transistor	p. 184
Silicon LDMOS and CMOS technologies	p. 187
Problems	p. 190
References	p. 190
Nonlinear circuit simulation techniques	p. 193
Classification of nonlinear circuit simulators	p. 193
Analytical methods	p. 194
Time-domain methods	p. 194
Hybrid time- and frequency-domain techniques--harmonic balance	p. 197
Frequency-domain techniques	p. 200
The harmonic balance method	p. 202
Harmonic balance analysis of oscillators	p. 207
Oscillator analysis using probes	p. 208
Oscillator analysis using reflection coefficients of the device and resonant load	p. 209
Oscillator analysis using a directional coupler to measure open-loop gain	p. 214
References	p. 215
High-power RF transistor amplifier design	p. 217
Nonlinear concepts	p. 217
Some nonlinear phenomena	p. 220
Quasi-linear power amplifier design	p. 223
The amplifier load line	p. 224
Load pull methods	p. 232
Categories of amplifiers	p. 243
Class-A amplifier	p. 243
Class-B amplifier	p. 248
Class-F amplifier	p. 257
Comparison of class-A, class-B, class-F, and other operational modes	p. 265
Switching-mode amplifiers	p. 271
Cascaded power amplifier design	p. 278
Power amplifier design example	p. 280
Transistor selection	p. 281
Transistor characterization	p. 282
Matching the input and output of the device	p. 286
Harmonic tuning example	p. 296
Bias considerations	p. 298
Bias changes at the input	p. 298
Bias changes at the output	p. 302
Bias considerations with power devices	p. 304
Distortion reduction	p. 307
The importance of amplifier linearity	p. 309
Operating the amplifier backed off	p. 311
Predistortion	p. 312
Feedforward cancellation	p. 317
Device modification	p. 319
System-level reduction of distortion	p. 325
Problems	p. 328
References	p. 334
Oscillators	p. 337
Principles of oscillator design	p. 338
Two-port oscillator design approach	p. 338
One-port oscillator design approach	p. 349
Transistor oscillator configurations	p. 373
Characterizing oscillator phase noise	p. 390
Oscillator design examples	p. 404
45.455-MHz Colpitts crystal oscillator design	p. 404
Design of a 3.7- to 4.2-GHz voltage-controlled oscillator	p. 410
Problems	p. 429
References	p. 431
Mixers and frequency multipliers	p. 433
Mixer overview and their applications in systems	p. 433
Diode mixers and their topologies	p. 442
Single-ended mixer	p. 443
Single-balanced mixer	p. 445
Double-balanced mixer	p. 451
The image problem in mixers	p. 455
Harmonic components in mixers	p. 460
Transistor mixer design	p. 464
Active transistor mixers	p. 464
Resistive FET mixers	p. 488
Dual-gate FET mixers	p. 494
Comparison of mixers	p. 500
Frequency multipliers--an overview	p. 501
Frequency doublers	p. 502
Arbitrary frequency multiplication	p. 505
Problems	p. 506
References	p. 507
Circuits in systems--radio system applications	p. 509
Mobile telephony systems	p. 509
Second generation mobile systems	p. 510
Third generation mobile systems	p. 512
Software-defined radio	p. 515
RF digital processing	p. 515
Digital processing of a wideband IF	p. 517
Digital processing at baseband (direct conversion)	p. 518
Transceiver issues associated with software-defined radio	p. 520
A 1.9-GHz radio chip set: design overview	p. 522
The air interface specification for PHS	p. 522
Component specification	p. 523
Component design	p. 525
Integrated system chips: an overview	p. 531
RF receiver front ends	p. 532
RF upconverters and transmitter driver amplifiers	p. 536
Transceiver and complete radio solutions	p. 538
Power amplifier modules	p. 543
Conclusion	p. 544
References	p. 545
Appendix	p. 547
Summary of Basic Formulas - 1	p. 547
Summary of Basic Formulas - 2	p. 549
About the Authors	p. 551
Index	p. 553
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

Practical RF Circuit Design for Modern Wireless Systems

Active Circuits and Systems Vol II

At a Glance

Hardcover

Shipping

How to return your order

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You Can Find This Book In

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