About the Author
Preface
1. Introduction 9
1.1 Design Methodology 10
1.2 Fundamentals: Mathematics and Control 18
1.3 Electrical Components 38
1.4 Linear and PWM Methods 48
PART I. DC POWER CONVERSION
2. BUCK CONVERTER 57
2.1 State-Averaged Equations and Transfer Functions 58
2.2 Controller Design 67
3. BOOST CONVERTER 87
3.1 State-Averaged Equations and Transfer Function 88
3.2 Controller Design 97
4. BI-DIRECTIONAL CONVERTER 109
4.1 Structure and Operation 110
4.2 Controller Design 113
5. THREE - LEVEL BOOST CONVERTER 118
5.1 Structure and Operation 119
5.2 State-Space Averaged Equation and Transfer Function 122
5.3 Controller Design 129
6. SOLAR SYSTEM 141
6.1 Understanding Solar Cells 142
6.2 Characteristics of Solar Systems 149
7. Solar Boost Converter 165
7.1 State-Averaged Equation and Transfer Function 166
7.2 Controller Design 169
8. Solar Buck Converter 183
8.1 State-Space Averaged Equation and Transfer Function 184
8.2 Controller Design 187
9. SOLAR THREE-LEVEL BOOST CONVERTER 193
9.1 Controller Design 194
10. DC MOTOR 197
10.1 Motor Parameters 198
10.2 Uni-Polar Driving (Uni-Direction Drive) 203
10.3 Bi-Polar Driving (Bi-directional Drive) 214
PART II. AC POWER CONVERSION
11. Single Phase Inverter 224
11.1 Circuit Representation Methods for Inverter Systems 225
11.2 State-Space Averaged Equations and Transfer Functions 230
11.3 Controller Design 233
12. Three Phase Inverter 253
12.1 State-Space Averaged Equations for a Stand-Alone 254
12.2 DQ Transformation 262
12.3 Controller Design 282
12.4 Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation 307
13. Solar PCS 309
13.1 Single-Phase Solar PCS 310
13.2 Three-Phase Solar PCS Design 318
14. Single Phase DQ Inverter 326
14.1 APF (All Pass Filter) 327
14.2 Controller Design 332
15. PLL 348
15.1 Single Phase PLL 351
15.2 Three-Phase PLL 356
16. Two-Stage Grid-Tied System 359
16.1 Solar Boost PCS 360
16.2 Two-Stage Energy Storage System (ESS) 364
16.3 Solar Energy Storage System (Solar ESS) 368
17. Frequency Analysis 375
17.1 Frequency Analysis Method 376
17.2 Buck Converter Frequency Analysis 379
17.3 Three Phase Inverter Frequency Analysis 383
18. Neutral-Point Clamped (NPC) 385
18.1 NPC Operation 386
18.2 Diode Clamped NPC 390
18.3 T-type NPC Inverter 405
18.4 Solar NPC Inverter 407
19. Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor 413
19.1 Motor Parameters 414
19.2 State-Space Averaged Equation and Controller Design 426
19.3 MTPA 437
19.4 Field Weakening Control 443
20. Induction Motor 454
20.1 d-q Dynamic Equation for IFOC 455
20.2 Double-Loop Controller Design 460
PART III. SPECIAL SESSION
21. Phase Shift Full Bridge Converter 469
21.1 Operation of the PSFB Converter 470
21.2 Controller Design 474
22. Dual Active Bridge Converter 478
22.1 Basic Operating Principle 480
22.2 Modeling and Controller Design 482
23. LLC Resonant Converter 487
23.1 Basic Operation of the LLC Resonant Converter 488
23.2 Small-Signal Modeling 491
23.3 Voltage Controller Design (Single loop) 495
24. Discontinuous Current Mode 498
24.1 Operation of the DCM in Buck Converter 499
24.2 State space averaged equation and transfer function 501
24.3 Voltage Controller Design (Single loop) 503
25. Modular Multi-level Converter 507
25.1 MMC Operation 507
25.1 Modular Multi-level Converter (MMC) 508
25.2 Controller Design 511
