| The Peripheral Nervous System: Anatomy and Function | p. 1 |
| The Cranial Nerves | p. 4 |
| The Spinal Nerves | p. 5 |
| The Anterior Primary Rami | p. 5 |
| Thoracic Anterior Primary Rami | p. 9 |
| Lumbar and Sacral Anterior Primary Rami | p. 10 |
| The Posterior Primary Rami | p. 18 |
| The Autonomic Nervous System | p. 20 |
| The Sympathetic System | p. 21 |
| The Parasympathetic Nervous System | p. 23 |
| Nerves at Risk from Musculo Skeletal Injury | p. 25 |
| The Neurone | p. 33 |
| The Neurotrophins | p. 34 |
| The Nerve Fibre | p. 38 |
| The Axon | p. 40 |
| Axonal Transport | p. 40 |
| The Glial Cells of the Peripheral Nervous System | p. 42 |
| The Myelin Sheath | p. 43 |
| Conduction | p. 44 |
| The Basis of the Action Potential: Ion Channels | p. 46 |
| The Peripheral Nerve Trunk | p. 47 |
| The Connective Tissue Sheaths | p. 48 |
| Topographical Organisation | p. 48 |
| The Blood Supply of Nerves | p. 50 |
| The Nervi Nervorum | p. 51 |
| Changes in Nerves with Aging | p. 51 |
| The Somatic Motor System | p. 51 |
| The Somatic Sensory System | p. 53 |
| Cutaneous Sensibility | p. 54 |
| The Skin | p. 55 |
| Cutaneous Sensory Receptors | p. 56 |
| Deep Sensibility | p. 58 |
| Central Connections | p. 60 |
| Afferent Autonomic Pathways | p. 62 |
| Synaptic Activity | p. 64 |
| References | p. 65 |
| Reactions to Injury | p. 69 |
| Conduction Block: Neurapraxia | p. 72 |
| Transient Ischaemia | p. 72 |
| Conduction Block in Myelin Deformation and Focal Demyelination | p. 73 |
| The Conduction Block of War Wounds | p. 74 |
| The Degenerative Lesion | p. 75 |
| The Cell Body and Proximal Stump | p. 75 |
| The Distal Stump | p. 78 |
| Contralateral Effects | p. 79 |
| The Special Case of the Brachial Plexus | p. 82 |
| Types of Lesion Produced by Different Physical Agents | p. 84 |
| Acute Ischaemia | p. 85 |
| Ischaemia from Tamponade | p. 86 |
| Ischaemia and Acute Compression Within Neurovascular Fascial Compartments | p. 89 |
| Ischaemia by Acute Compression from Swollen Muscle | p. 90 |
| Ischaemia Caused by Traction | p. 93 |
| Compression: Acute | p. 95 |
| Crush | p. 96 |
| Traction | p. 98 |
| Thermal Injury | p. 101 |
| Electric Shock | p. 102 |
| Injection Injury | p. 105 |
| Vibration Injury | p. 107 |
| Radiation and Peripheral Nerves | p. 107 |
| References | p. 109 |
| Regeneration and Recovery of Function | p. 113 |
| The Response of the Nerve and Axon to Transection | p. 114 |
| The Schwann Cells | p. 115 |
| The Axon | p. 115 |
| Reorganisation into "Mini Fascicles" | p. 116 |
| Guidance and Selection | p. 116 |
| Maturation | p. 118 |
| The Rate of Regeneration | p. 118 |
| Regeneration of End-Organs | p. 119 |
| The Cutaneous Sensory Receptors | p. 119 |
| Regeneration After Intradural Injury | p. 120 |
| The Repair of Large Gaps | p. 122 |
| Complications of Regeneration | p. 123 |
| Muscle Function | p. 123 |
| Pain | p. 124 |
| Recovery of Function After Nerve Repair | p. 126 |
| Duration of Study: Records | p. 127 |
| Grading of Results | p. 128 |
| Factors Governing Prognosis | p. 136 |
| Severity of Injury | p. 136 |
| Delay | p. 137 |
| Other Factors in Prognosis | p. 138 |
| Conclusion | p. 140 |
| References | p. 140 |
| Clinical Aspects of Nerve Injury | p. 143 |
| The History: Characteristics of the Wound | p. 143 |
| Associated Symptoms and Signs | p. 146 |
| Examination | p. 147 |
| Recognition of the Level and the Depth of Injury | p. 149 |
| Level | p. 149 |
| Depth | p. 152 |
| Signs | p. 154 |
| Tinel's Sign | p. 157 |
| Eliciting the Tinel Sign in Closed Lesions | p. 160 |
| Tinel's Sign and Recovery | p. 162 |
| Examination of Sensibility | p. 163 |
| Quantitative Sensory Testing (QST) | p. 167 |
| Examination of Muscles | p. 168 |
| Some Pitfalls | p. 168 |
| Measurement of Muscle Power | p. 169 |
| Some Difficulties in Diagnosis | p. 171 |
| Thoraco Scapular, Thoraco Humeral, and Scapulo Humeral Muscles | p. 172 |
| The Hand | p. 178 |
| The Lower Limb | p. 179 |
| Late Signs of Nerve Injury | p. 180 |
| The Diagnosis of Neuropathic Pain After Injury to a Nerve | p. 184 |
| Allodynia | p. 185 |
| Hyperpathia | p. 187 |
| Deafferentation Pain | p. 187 |
| Clinical Assessment | p. 188 |
| Neuropathic Pain Syndromes | p. 189 |
| Aids to Diagnosis | p. 191 |
| Neurophysiological Investigations (NPI) | p. 191 |
| High Resolution Ultrasonography | p. 192 |
| References | p. 193 |
| Operating on Peripheral Nerves | p. 195 |
| Indications and Objects of Intervention | p. 195 |
| The Lessons of War | p. 195 |
| Timing: Nerve Lesions in Fractures and Dislocations | p. 196 |
| General Principles of Operation | p. 198 |
| Control of Bleeding | p. 198 |
| Preparation | p. 199 |
| Prevention of Pain | p. 200 |
| Apparatus and Instruments | p. 200 |
| Incisions: Handling of Tissues | p. 204 |
| The Record | p. 206 |
| Methods of Repair | p. 207 |
| The Vascular Repair | p. 207 |
| The Nerve Operations | p. 209 |
| Biopsy | p. 211 |
| The Nerve Repair | p. 214 |
| Methods of Suture | p. 217 |
| Grafting | p. 219 |
| Indications for and Methods of Nerve Transfer | p. 223 |
| Other, Non Neural, Material for Grafts: Entubation | p. 229 |
| Immobilisation | p. 231 |
| Approaches to Individual Nerves: Neck and Upper Limb | p. 234 |
| The Transverse Supraclavicular Approach: (Anterior, or Anterolateral) | p. 234 |
| The Transclavicular Exposure | p. 239 |
| The Postero-Lateral Route | p. 241 |
| The Spinal Accessory Nerve | p. 244 |
| The Suprascapular Nerve | p. 245 |
| The Infraclavicular Part of the Brachial Plexus | p. 245 |
| The Circumflex Nerve | p. 247 |
| Median and Ulnar Nerves in the Arm and the Axilla | p. 247 |
| The Radial Nerve | p. 248 |
| The Posterior Interosseous Nerve | p. 250 |
| The Lower Part of the Median Nerve | p. 251 |
| The Lower Part of the Ulnar Nerve | p. 254 |
| Approaches to Individual Nerves: Abdomen, Pelvis and Lower Limb | p. 255 |
| The Lumbar Plexus | p. 255 |
| The Femoral Nerve | p. 256 |
| The Sciatic Nerve | p. 257 |
| The Tibial and Common Peroneal Nerves in the Popliteal Fossa and Below | p. 260 |
| The Lower Tibial Nerve and the Plantar Nerves | p. 260 |
| References | p. 263 |
| Index | p. 265 |
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