Optoelectronics for Environmental Science

In-Situ Measurements.- Techniques and Programs.- Atmospheric pollution monitoring using laser lidars.- Laser fluorescence spectroscopy in environmental monitoring.- Optical fiber sensors for the environment.- Fibre optic chemical and biochemical sensors for environmental monitoring.- Realizations and programs of ENEA in the field of optoelectronics.- Atmospheric Ozone.- The Italian program in Antarctica, related to the ozone hole problem and the experimental cloud lidar pilot study.- Differential absorption lidar detection of ozone in the troposphere and lower stratosphere.- Determination of atmospheric ozone profiles at 68N and 79N with a daylight lidar instrument.- Other Atmospheric Sensing.- Laser atmospheric wind velocity measurements.- Differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) for the continuous monitoring of atmospheric trace constituents at a high alpine station.- Photoacoustic NH3 monitoring with waveguide CO2 lasers.- Oceanographic Measurements.- Fluorescence lidars in environmental remote sensing.- Hydrographie applications of airborne laser spectroscopy.- Laboratory Analytical Techniques.- Heavy Metal Analysis.- Quantitative detection of strontium-90 and strontium-89 in environmental samples by laser mass spectroscopy.- Laser ultrasensitive photoionization detection of rare elements in geochemistry, oceanology and study of geological catastrophes.- Determination of toxic metals in environmental objects by laser excited atomic fluorescence spectrometry.- Trace analysis of plutonium and technetium by resonance ionization mass spectrometry using an atomic beam and a laser ion source.- Other Trace Elements.- Tunable diode laser spectroscopy for the reconstruction of atmospheric CO2-concentrations of the past 50,000 years.- Resonance ionization spectroscopy for dating very old groundwater.- Techniques and Instrumentation.- Laser ablation for microanalysis.- The fundamentals of trace analysis using resonant ionization mass spectroscopy.- Production and detection of selectively laser ionized species.- Principles of complex interferometry.- Adaptive optics in the far IR and submillimeter ranges.