Optical Networks

Technologies and Deployments

By: Abdallah Shami (Editor), Martin Maier (Editor), Chadi Assi (Editor)

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Hardcover | 12 June 2009 | Edition Number 2

At a Glance

Hardcover
400 Pages

Edition Type
Revised

Dimensions(cm)
23.39 x 15.6 x 2.24

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Considering the key evolutions within the access network technologies as well as the unprecedented levels of bandwidth demands by end users, this book condenses the relentless research, design, and deployment experience of state-of-the-art access networks. Furthermore, it shares the critical steps and details of the developments and deployment of these emergent technologies; which is very crucial particularly as telecommunications vendors and carriers are looking for cost-effective ultra-broadband a oelast-milea access solutions to stay competitive in the a oepost bubblea era.

The book is written to provide a comprehensive overview of the major broadband access technologies and deployments involving internationally recognized authors and key players. Due to its scope and depth, the proposed book is able to fill an important gap of todaya (TM)s available literature.

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Non-Fiction Computing & I.T.Computer Networking & Communications Engineering & Technology Electronics & Communications Engineering Communications Engineering & Telecommunications Electronics Engineering Microwave Technology Computer Science Digital Signal Processing (DSP)

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Paperback

Published: 8th December 2010

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Introduction and Enabling Technologies
The Anatomy of an Access Network	p. 3
The Evolution Path of Typical Access Networks	p. 3
The Future Is Bright for IP Video	p. 4
Not All the Access Network Connection Are Created Equal	p. 4
Broadband Copper Access Network Using ADSL2+/VDSL2 Technology	p. 6
Fiber-to-the-Home/Building (FTTH/B) Access Network	p. 7
Point-to-Point Ethernet FTTH (Home-Run FTTH)	p. 7
Passive Optical Network (PON) FTTH	p. 8
Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) PON FTTH	p. 9
Hybrid Fiber Coax Running DOCSIS Protocol	p. 9
Wireless Access Network	p. 11
Summary	p. 11
References	p. 12
Drivers for Broadband in Europe	p. 13
Introduction	p. 13
Telecom Trends in Europe	p. 14
Decline in Fixed Voice and Growth in Broadband and Mobile Minutes	p. 15
Customers Becoming More Demanding	p. 16
High Rate of Technology Innovation and RollOut	p. 16
Competition Moving from Pure Price-to-Price, Service- and Segment-Specific Offers	p. 17
Drivers for Broadband Services	p. 17
Increasing Bandwidth Demand	p. 20
Broadband Market in Europe	p. 21
Broadband Lines, Penetration, and Growth	p. 21
Broadband by Technology	p. 23
Broadband Offer	p. 25
Competition	p. 26
Broadband Infrastructure - Evolution and Trends	p. 27
Current Broadband Access Technologies and Architectures	p. 27
Impact of FTTx Deployments on Local Loop Sharing	p. 29
Overview on European Regulatory Framework	p. 30
European Regulation	p. 30
Regulatory Situation in Some European Countries	p. 32
Discussion - The Impact of Regulation	p. 33
Summary	p. 34
References	p. 35
Enabling Techniques for Broadband Access Networks	p. 37
Introduction	p. 37
Fiber in the Access Network	p. 38
Fiber-DSL	p. 38
Hybrid Fiber-Coax	p. 39
Fiber-Wireless	p. 40
Fiber to the Home	p. 40
Basic Optical Access Network Components	p. 41
Optical Fiber	p. 41
Optical Power Splitter	p. 44
Wavelength Routing Devices	p. 45
FTTH Network Topologies	p. 47
Point-to-Point	p. 47
Point-to-Multipoint	p. 48
Cost Aspects	p. 48
Multiple Access Techniques for a PON	p. 50
Time Division Multiple Access	p. 50
Subcarrier Multiple Access	p. 52
Optical Code Division Multiple Access	p. 54
Wavelength Division Multiple Access	p. 55
Radio Over Fiber	p. 57
Free-Space Optical Communication	p. 60
Summary	p. 61
References	p. 62
Copper and Wireless Access Networks
Vectored DSLs and the Copper PON (CuPON)	p. 65
Introduction	p. 66
Vectored-DSM	p. 67
A Vectoring Tutorial	p. 67
Differential Vectoring	p. 69
Full-Vectored Binder Capacity	p. 71
A CuPON for savings on access-network purchases	p. 75
Summary	p. 78
References	p. 78
Enabling Broadband Wireless Technologies*	p. 81
Introduction	p. 81
Modulation: Let's Deal with the Available Spectrum and Make Use of the Limited Power	p. 83
Phase Shift Keying (PSK) Modulation	p. 84
Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)	p. 85
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)	p. 87
Coding Techniques: Let's Deal with the Channel	p. 90
Block Codes	p. 91
Convolutional Codes	p. 93
Turbo Coding (TC)	p. 96
Space-Time Coding	p. 97
Coded Modulation Techniques	p. 99
Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC)	p. 99
Multiple Access Techniques: Let's All Share the Same Channel	p. 100
Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA)	p. 101
Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)	p. 102
Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)	p. 103
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA)	p. 104
Combination of OFDM and CDMA Systems	p. 105
Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) Protocol	p. 107
Diversity Techniques: Let's Make a Better Use of the Channel	p. 107
Classifications of the Diversity Techniques	p. 108
Classifications of Diversity Combiners	p. 109
Challenges and Research Evidences	p. 110
Summary	p. 113
References	p. 113
WiMAX Networks	p. 117
Introduction	p. 118
Scope of the Standard	p. 119
Frequency Bands of Operation	p. 120
Reference Model of the Standard	p. 120
WirelessMAN PHY Specifications	p. 121
MAC Sublayers	p. 123
Point-to-MultiPoint (PMP) WiMAX Networks	p. 125
MAC Frame Structure	p. 125
Service Flow and Connection	p. 129
Service Classification	p. 129
Bandwidth Request and Resource Allocation	p. 130
WiMAX Mesh Mode	p. 131
General Properties of WiMAX Mesh	p. 131
Mesh Network Operations	p. 132
Routing in Mesh Network	p. 137
QoS in Mesh Network	p. 137
Mobility in WiMAX Networks	p. 138
Handovers	p. 138
WiMAX Standards and Mobility	p. 139
WiMAX and Homogeneous Mobility	p. 142
WiMAX and Mobility in Heterogeneous Networks	p. 144
Summary	p. 146
References	p. 147
Optical Access Networks
Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation for Ethernet Passive Optical Networks	p. 151
Introduction	p. 151
Data Link Layer Protocols for PON	p. 153
Multi-Point Control Protocol (MPCP)	p. 154
REPORT Frame Format	p. 157
GATE Frame Format	p. 159
Ranging Process	p. 160
Automatic Device Discovery	p. 161
Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation Algorithms	p. 162
Class-of-Service Oriented Packet Scheduling (COPS) Algorithm	p. 164
Summary	p. 166
References	p. 166
Quality of Service in Ethernet Passive Optical Networks (EPONs)	p. 169
Introduction	p. 170
IEEE 802.1D Support for Classes of Service	p. 171
CoS Support in EPON	p. 173
Intra-ONU Scheduling	p. 174
Incoming Traffic Handling Operation	p. 174
Existing Solutions and Schemes	p. 174
Intra-ONU Queue Management	p. 176
QoS-Enabled Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation Algorithms (DBAs)	p. 177
Existing Solutions and Schemes	p. 178
Quality-of-Service Protection and Admission Control in EPON	p. 180
Preliminaries	p. 180
Traffic Characteristics and QoS Requirements	p. 183
Local Admission Control (LAC)	p. 185
Global Admission Control (GAC)	p. 185
Issues and Solutions	p. 186
Admission Control-Enabled Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation Scheme (AC-DBA)	p. 187
Performance Evaluation	p. 189
Summary	p. 193
References	p. 194
MultiChannel EPONs	p. 197
Introduction	p. 197
Bandwidth Management for Multichannel EPONs	p. 198
Grant Sizing	p. 199
Grant Scheduling	p. 200
Separate Time and Wavelength Assignment	p. 200
Grant Wavelength Assignment	p. 201
Grant Ordering	p. 201
Combined Time and Wavelength Assignment	p. 202
A Scheduling Theoretic Approach	p. 202
Scheduling Frameworks	p. 204
Scheduling Policies	p. 209
Summary	p. 213
References	p. 215
Long-Reach Optical Access	p. 219
Introduction	p. 219
Research Challenges	p. 221
Signal Power Compensation	p. 222
Optical Source	p. 223
Burst-Mode Receiver	p. 223
Upstream Resource Allocation	p. 224
Demonstrations of LR-PON	p. 224
PLANET SuperPON	p. 224
British Telecom (BT)	p. 225
University College Cork, Ireland	p. 227
Electronics and Telecommunication Research Institute (ETRI), Korea	p. 229
Other Demonstrations	p. 229
Dynamic Bandwidth Assignment (DBA)	p. 230
Summary	p. 233
References	p. 234
Optical Access-Metro Networks	p. 237
Introduction	p. 237
Optical Regional Access Network	p. 239
Stanford University Access Network	p. 240
Metro Access Ring Integrated Network	p. 242
OBS Access-Metro Networks	p. 244
STARGATE	p. 247
Architecture	p. 248
Discovery and Registration	p. 251
Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation	p. 251
Applications	p. 253
Summary	p. 257
References	p. 258
Signal Processing Techniques for Data Confidentiality in OCDMA Access Networks	p. 261
Introduction	p. 262
Optical Encryption	p. 263
Optical Steganography	p. 267
Phase Scrambling OCDM	p. 270
Multi-code Processing Techniques	p. 275
Summary	p. 278
References	p. 279
Optical-Wireless Access Networks
Radio-over-Fiber (RoF) Networks	p. 283
Introduction	p. 283
Basic Technologies	p. 285
Radio-Over-Fiber Application Areas	p. 291
Networking Concepts and Techniques	p. 294
Media Access Schemes	p. 294
Dynamic Capacity Allocation	p. 295
Sharing a Remote Antenna Unit - Wideband RAU Design	p. 296
Summary	p. 296
References	p. 296
Integration of EPON and WiMAX	p. 301
Introduction	p. 301
Literature Survey	p. 302
Integrated Architectures for EPON and WiMAX	p. 303
Independent Architectures	p. 303
Hybrid Architectures	p. 304
Microwave-over-Fiber Architectures	p. 306
Multistage EPON and WiMAX Integration	p. 307
Design and Operation Issues	p. 308
Optimal Passive Optical Network Deployment	p. 309
Packet Forwarding	p. 309
Bandwidth Allocation	p. 311
QoS Support and Mapping	p. 313
Handover Operation	p. 313
Survivability	p. 315
Cooperative Transmission for Broadcast Services	p. 316
Summary	p. 318
References	p. 318
Hybrid Wireless-Optical Broadband Access Network (WOBAN)	p. 321
Introduction	p. 321
WOBAN: A Network for Future	p. 322
Why Is WOBAN a Compelling Solution?	p. 323
Flavors of Converged Architecture	p. 324
Connectivity and Routing	p. 328
Delay-Aware Routing Algorithm (DARA)	p. 330
Capacity and Delay-Aware Routing (CaDAR)	p. 331
GROW-Net Integrated Routing (GIR)	p. 331
Fault Tolerance and Self-Healing	p. 333
Risk-and-Delay Aware Routing Algorithm (RADAR)	p. 333
GROW-Net's Reconfigurable Backhaul	p. 334
Summary	p. 335
References	p. 335
Deployments
Point-to-Point FTTx	p. 339
Introduction	p. 339
Fiber Topology vs. Transmission Scheme	p. 340
Architectural Considerations	p. 341
Deployment Considerations	p. 342
Operational Considerations	p. 344
Traffic Management	p. 344
Security	p. 344
CPE Deployments	p. 345
Trouble-Shooting	p. 345
Power Budget Planning	p. 346
Cost Considerations	p. 346
Capital Cost	p. 346
Operation Cost	p. 347
Open Fiber Access	p. 348
Transmission Technologies	p. 349
Outlook	p. 350
Summary	p. 350
References	p. 351
Broadband Access Networks	p. 353
Broadband Drivers and Network Requirements	p. 354
Broadband Drivers	p. 354
Network Architecture and Requirements	p. 355
Scalable Broadband Access Networks	p. 356
xWDM in Access Networks	p. 357
TDM Add/Drop Multiplexing	p. 358
Layer-2 Packet Aggregation	p. 359
Deployment Case: Telecom Italia	p. 359
Next-Generation Access and Backhaul	p. 361
Migration toward WDM-PON	p. 363
WDM-PON Concepts	p. 364
WDM-PON Analysis	p. 367
WDM-PON Applications	p. 369
Summary	p. 371
References	p. 372
Index	p. 373
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

Optical Networks

Technologies and Deployments

At a Glance

Hardcover

Shipping

How to return your order

Defective items

You Can Find This Book In

Other Editions and Formats

Paperback

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