| Network Analysis | p. 1 |
| Introduction | p. 3 |
| Why Optical Networks Are Different From Microwave Networks | p. 3 |
| To Whom This Book Is Addressed | p. 5 |
| Book Overview | p. 6 |
| Network Analysis | p. 6 |
| Signal Analysis | p. 8 |
| The Scope of the Book | p. 10 |
| Mathematical Notations and Conventions | p. 11 |
| List of Principal Symbols | p. 14 |
| The Jones Calculus of Guided Fields | p. 17 |
| The Jones Vectors for Guided Fields | p. 18 |
| Jones Matrices | p. 20 |
| The Jones Matrix as a Transfer Function of a Linear System | p. 22 |
| The Fourier Representation of Cyclic Jones Matrices | p. 24 |
| Examples of Cyclic Jones Matrices | p. 27 |
| Summary | p. 31 |
| S-Matrix Characterization of Optical Components | p. 33 |
| The Jones Matrix and the S-Matrix (the Time-Independent Case) | p. 34 |
| General Properties of the S-Matrix | p. 36 |
| The S-Matrices of Some Common Optical Components | p. 38 |
| One-Port Components | p. 38 |
| Two-Port Components | p. 39 |
| Directional Couplers | p. 40 |
| Port Characterization of Time-Dependent Components | p. 42 |
| Summary | p. 43 |
| The Signal Flow Graphs in Network Analysis | p. 45 |
| General Considerations | p. 46 |
| Signal Flow Graphs | p. 48 |
| The Signal Flow Graph as a Graphical Representation of Linear Algebraic Equations | p. 48 |
| The Association of Algebraic Equations With a Given Signal Flow Graph | p. 50 |
| The Network Algebra | p. 51 |
| The Signal Flow Graphs of Optical Components | p. 53 |
| Single-Port Components | p. 53 |
| N-Port Components | p. 54 |
| Two-Port Component | p. 55 |
| Directional Couplers | p. 56 |
| The Derivation of Signal Flow Graphs for Optical Networks | p. 57 |
| Graphical Reduction Rules for the Optical Signal Flow Graphs | p. 60 |
| Branches in Series | p. 61 |
| Branches in Parallel | p. 62 |
| Elimination of a Feedback Branch | p. 63 |
| Expansion of Stars | p. 67 |
| Summary | p. 67 |
| The Analysis of Time-Independent Networks | p. 69 |
| The Network Algebra Rules for the Time-Independent Case | p. 70 |
| The Guided-Wave Fabry-Perot Interferometer | p. 71 |
| The Recirculating Loop | p. 74 |
| The Guided-Wave Mach-Zehnder Interferometer | p. 78 |
| The Guided-Wave Michelson Interferometer | p. 80 |
| The Algebraic Solution of the Time-Independent Network Problem | p. 82 |
| Summary | p. 83 |
| The Analysis of Networks That Are Periodic in Time | p. 85 |
| Network Algebra Rules for Cyclic Transmissions With Identical Periods | p. 86 |
| Preservation of the Periodic Time Dependence Upon Addition and Multiplication | p. 86 |
| The Network Algebra Addition Operation in the Frequency Domain | p. 87 |
| The Network Algebra Product Operation in the Frequency Domain | p. 88 |
| Operations Between Time-Invariant and Cyclic Transmissions | p. 89 |
| Serial Combination of Transmissions Representing Amplitude Modulators, Frequency Shifters, and Phase Modulators (Examples) | p. 90 |
| The Transfer Matrix of an Instantaneous Modulator With Leads | p. 90 |
| Two Amplitude Modulators in Series | p. 92 |
| Combination of Frequency Shifters in Series | p. 93 |
| Combination of Phase Modulators in Series | p. 94 |
| The Modulated Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (Example) | p. 97 |
| The Treatment of a Feedback Branch | p. 98 |
| The General Procedure | p. 98 |
| Feedback Branches Containing Instantaneous Modulators | p. 101 |
| The Modulated Recirculating Loop | p. 102 |
| The Combination of Two Transmissions with Commensurate Frequencies | p. 105 |
| Summary | p. 105 |
| Network Analysis of the Fiber-Optic Gyro | p. 109 |
| The Sagnac Effect in the Rotating Fiber-Optic Ring | p. 110 |
| A Basic Fiber-Optic Sagnac Interferometer | p. 112 |
| Problems Arising From Birefringence and Mode Mixing | p. 114 |
| Problems Arising From Coupler Losses | p. 119 |
| A Practical Fiber-Optic Gyro | p. 120 |
| The Introduction of Bias by Phase Modulation | p. 122 |
| Summary | p. 124 |
| Signal Analysis | p. 127 |
| The Second-Order Statistics of Guided Fields | p. 129 |
| Real Stochastic Processes | p. 130 |
| The Characterization of a Real Stochastic Process | p. 130 |
| Stationary and Cyclostationary Processes and Their Power Spectral Densities | p. 131 |
| A Harmonic Process With a Random Amplitude (Example) | p. 134 |
| Ensemble Averages, Time Averages, and Ergodicity | p. 136 |
| Complex Stochastic Processes | p. 137 |
| Characterization of a Complex Stochastic Process | p. 137 |
| A Superposition of Pure Spectral Lines With Random Amplitudes (Example) | p. 138 |
| The Second-Order Field Correlation Functions and the Optical Field Power Spectrum | p. 139 |
| Statistical Description of Jones Vectors | p. 139 |
| The Second-Order Statistics of Guided Fields | p. 140 |
| Optical Field Intensity and Spectrum | p. 142 |
| The Separable Field | p. 143 |
| Representation of a Real Jones Vector by a Complex One | p. 144 |
| The Real Jones Vector and Its Associated Complex Jones Vector | p. 144 |
| The Relation Between Coherency Matrices and Power Spectra of Real and Complex Processes | p. 146 |
| Statistical Model of an Amplitude-Stabilized Laser | p. 147 |
| Summary | p. 153 |
| The Fourth-Order Statistics and the Optical Intensity Power Spectrum | p. 155 |
| The Fourth-Order Field Correlation Functions | p. 156 |
| General Properties | p. 156 |
| The Frequency-Domain Representation of a Function of Four Variables Which Is Independent of Their Sum | p. 158 |
| The Auxiliary Correlation Functions | p. 159 |
| The Frequency-Domain Representation of the Fourth-Order Correlation Functions | p. 160 |
| Special Cases | p. 162 |
| Polarized and Unpolarized Fields | p. 162 |
| Separable Field | p. 162 |
| Gaussian Field | p. 163 |
| The Random-Phase Field | p. 164 |
| The Optical Intensity Power Spectrum | p. 167 |
| The Time-Domain Representation of the Optical Intensity Power Spectrum | p. 167 |
| The Intensity Noise Power Spectrum and the Intensity Variance | p. 168 |
| The Frequency-Domain Representation | p. 170 |
| Special Cases | p. 172 |
| The Optical Intensity Power Spectrum of a Real Field and Its Associated Complex Field | p. 173 |
| The Relative Intensity Noise Power Spectrum | p. 176 |
| A Comparison Between Field-Induced Noise and Shot Noise | p. 177 |
| Summary | p. 181 |
| The Output Intensity Power Spectrum of Time-Independent Networks | p. 183 |
| The Power Spectrum of the Output Field | p. 184 |
| The Power Spectrum of the Output Field Intensity | p. 185 |
| The General Expression | p. 185 |
| Simplifications of the General Case | p. 187 |
| A Phase-Noise Source Coupled to a Dispersive Waveguide | p. 189 |
| A Degenerate Dispersive Waveguide and Its H Function | p. 190 |
| Computation of the First Term in the Output Noise Power Spectrum | p. 191 |
| The Output Intensity Noise Power Spectrum | p. 192 |
| Frequency-Periodic Networks and the Incoherent Limit | p. 196 |
| Discrete and Frequency-Periodic Networks | p. 196 |
| The Decomposition Theorem | p. 198 |
| The Output Average Intensity in the Incoherent Limit Approximation | p. 199 |
| The Power Spectrum of the Optical Intensity Noise in the Incoherent Limit Approximation | p. 200 |
| Network Parameters for the Characterization of the Output Intensity Noise in the Incoherent Limit | p. 202 |
| The Network Characteristic Matrices and Noise Factors | p. 202 |
| The Output Intensity Variance | p. 204 |
| Summary | p. 206 |
| Analytic Methods for the Incoherent Limit | p. 209 |
| Application of the Residue Calculus for the Calculation of the Averaging Integral | p. 210 |
| Computation of the Network Characteristic Functions | p. 211 |
| The K Characteristic Function | p. 211 |
| The L Characteristic Function | p. 215 |
| The Guided-Wave Fabry-Perot Interferometer (Example) | p. 216 |
| The K Characteristic Function | p. 217 |
| The L Characteristic Function | p. 218 |
| The Fabry-Perot Noise Factors | p. 218 |
| The Variance Coefficient for the Fabry-Perot Interferometer | p. 220 |
| The Recirculating Loop (Example) | p. 222 |
| The Characteristic Functions | p. 222 |
| The Recirculating Loop Noise Factors | p. 223 |
| The Recirculating Loop Variance Coefficient | p. 225 |
| The Guided-Wave Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (Example) | p. 227 |
| The Characteristic Functions | p. 227 |
| The Mach-Zehnder Noise Factors | p. 229 |
| Summary | p. 229 |
| Signal Analysis in Networks That Are Periodic in Time | p. 233 |
| The Output Field of Time-Periodic Networks | p. 234 |
| The Power Spectrum of the Output Field | p. 236 |
| The General Formulation | p. 236 |
| Qualitative Features of the Output Field Power Spectrum | p. 238 |
| The Average of the Output Intensity | p. 240 |
| Instantaneous Modulators (Example) | p. 241 |
| The Output Intensity Power Spectrum | p. 243 |
| General Formulation | p. 243 |
| Qualitative Features of the Output Intensity Power Spectrum | p. 247 |
| Instantaneous Modulators (Example) | p. 249 |
| Analysis of the Modulated Fiber-Optic Gyro | p. 251 |
| Summary | p. 254 |
| Optical Signal and Noise in a Coherent Laser Radar | p. 255 |
| The Transfer Functions of the Lidar System | p. 256 |
| The Output Field Power Spectrum | p. 257 |
| The Output Intensity Noise Power Spectrum | p. 258 |
| The Output Intensity Power Spectrum | p. 261 |
| The Signal-to-Noise Ratio in a Coherent Lidar | p. 262 |
| Summary | p. 265 |
| Index | p. 267 |
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