Offshore Wind Energy

Expanding Offshore Wind Energy Use in Germany: Offshore Wind Energy Use -- Strategy of the German Government -- Legal Framework Conditions for the Licensing of Offshore Wind Farms -- Protection of the Marine Nature and Environment -- Ecological Research Initiated by the German Federal Government in the North and Baltic Seas -- Research on Marine Mammals: Background -- Harbour Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena): Investigation of Density, Distribution Patterns, Habitat Use and Acoustics in the German North and Baltic Seas -- Distribution of Harbour Seals in the German Bight in Relation to Offshore Wind Power Plants -- Research on Marine Mammals -- Summary and Discussion of Research Results -- Research on Bird Migration: Background -- Bird Migration and Offshore Wind Turbines -- Research on Resting and Breeding Birds: Background -- Possible Conflicts between Offshore Wind Farms and Seabirds in the German Sectors of North Sea and Baltic Sea -- Research on Fish: Background -- Distribution and Assemblages of Fish Species in the German Waters of North and Baltic Seas and Potential Impact of Wind Parks -- Research on Benthic Associations: Background -- Benthos in the Vicinity of Piles: FINO 1 (North Sea) -- The Impact of Wind Turbine Construction on Benthic Growth Patterns in the Western Baltic -- Effect of Electromagnetic Fields on Marine Organism -- Technical Analyses: Installation and Operation of the Research Platform FINO 1 in the North Sea -- Standard Procedures for the Determination and Assessment of Noise Impact on Sea Life by Offshore Wind Farms -- Collisions of Ships with Offshore Wind Turbines: Calculation and Risk Evaluation -- Planning Aspects: Environmental Impact Assessment in the Approval of Offshore Wind Farms in the German Exclusive Economic Zone -- International Ecological Research: European Review of Environmental Research on Offshore Wind Energy -- Conclusion and Perspective.