Preface xxi
1 Multifunctional Polymer Chemistry: Sustainable Synthetic Procedures 1
Prem Shankar Mishra, Rakhi Mishra, Kabikant Chaurasiya and Tanya Gupta
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Sustainable Synthetic Procedures for Multifunctional Polymer Synthesis 5
1.3 Functionalization of Multifunctional Polymers 12
1.4 Applications of Multifunctional Polymers 15
1.5 Future Perspectives and Challenges 16
1.6 Conclusion 18
References 19
2 Biopolymers: Green and Sustainable Approach in Polymer Science 27
Agrima Yadav and Shikha Yadav
2.1 Introduction 27
2.2 Biopolymer Synthesis 32
2.3 Properties of Biopolymers 34
2.4 Applications of Biopolymers 37
2.5 Challenges and Future Perspectives 40
2.6 Conclusion 42
References 42
3 Multifunctional Polymeric Materials 47
Akshara Johari and Pooja Agarwal
3.1 Introduction 47
3.2 Types of Multifunctional Polymeric Materials 48
3.3 Synthesis and Characterization of Multifunctional Polymeric Materials 55
3.4 Properties and Applications of Multifunctional Polymeric Materials 59
3.5 Application of Multifunctional Polymeric Materials 64
3.6 Future Prospects of Multifunctional Polymeric Materials and Conclusion 74
References 75
4 Graphene-Based Polymer Composites for Aerospace, Electronic, Energy, and Biomedical Applications 81
Asha Panghal, Yogendra Kumar, Prashant Kumar Mishra, Aakash Mathur and Amit Kumar Srivastava
4.1 Introduction 81
4.2 Fundamentals of Multifunctional Composites/Nanocomposites 83
4.3 Advancements and Current Research in Multifunctional Nanocomposites 87
4.4 Applications of Multifunctional Composites/Nanocomposites 89
4.5 Conclusion and Future Outlook 97
References 98
5 Multifunctional Supramolecular Polymers 105
Ansar Ul Haq and Yasser Azim
5.1 Introduction to Supramolecular Polymers 105
5.2 Supramolecular Chemistry Overview 107
5.3 Basic Supramolecular Polymer Principles 107
5.4 Significant Characteristics of Supramolecular Polymers 108
5.5 Molecular Self-Assembly and Supramolecular Chemistry 109
5.6 Synthetic Approaches for Supramolecular Polymer Formation 110
5.7 Analytical Techniques for Characterization of Supramolecular Polymers 114
5.8 Applications of Supramolecular Polymers 120
5.9 Recent Advances in Supramolecular Chemistry 121
5.10 Future Aspects of Supramolecular Polymer Research 122
5.11 Conclusion 122
References 123
6 Microbial Based Biolubricants: In-Depth Analysis 133
Ninad Mhatre, Deepak Sonawane, Fatema Saiger, Prasad Sanap, Somesh Patil and Amit Pratap
List of Abbreviation 133
6.1 Introduction 134
6.2 Biolubricants: Substitutes for Conventional Lubricants 137
6.3 Production of Biolubricants 140
6.4 Bioactive Polysaccharides from Microalgae 151
6.5 Biolubricants Synthesis Using Esterification and Transesterification Process 161
6.6 Biolubricants Physical and Chemical Properties 166
6.7 Expansion and Practical Viability on an Industrial Scale 167
6.8 Future Aspects 168
References 169
7 Multifunctional Materials for Nanotechnology 181
Aakash Mathur, Ankita Mathur, Prashant Kumar Mishra, Amit Kumar Srivastava and Yogendra Kumar
7.1 Introduction 181
7.2 Multifunctional Nanomaterials 184
7.3 Synthesis and Characterization Techniques 190
7.4 Challenges and Opportunities 200
7.5 Conclusion 202
References 203
8 Multifunctional Materials Surface Science 207
Mansi Sharma
8.1 Introduction 207
8.2 Surface Science Principles and Techniques 208
8.3 Multifunctional Surfaces 209
8.4 Synthesis and Fabrication of Multifunctional Surfaces 212
8.5 Applications of Multifunctional Surfaces 215
8.6 Challenges and Future Prospects 218
8.7 Conclusion and Outlook 220
References 220
9 Polymer Emulsions, Surface, and Interface 225
Bharti N. Naik, Subhalaxmi Pradhan and Chandu S. Madankar
9.1 Introduction 225
9.2 Emulsion, Types of Emulsions, and Properties 226
9.3 Role of Emulsion in Surface Chemistry 230
9.4 Polymeric Emulsion, Types, and Their Functions 231
9.5 Preparation Method and Characterization of Polymer Emulsions 234
9.6 Surface and Interface Characterization of Polymer Emulsion 236
9.7 Applications of Polymeric Emulsions 237
9.8 Conclusion 238
References 238
10 A Comprehensive Review on Advancement in Nano Polymer System for Drug Targeting 245
Debashish Paramanick, Deepika Modi, Farheen and K. Nagarani
10.1 Introduction 246
10.2 Targeted Drug Delivery 247
10.3 Designing Nano-Based Drug Delivery 247
10.4 Targeting Strategies 249
10.5 Types of Nano Drug Delivery Systems 250
10.6 Characterization of Nano-Drug Delivery System 254
10.7 Challenges of Nanotechnology for Drug Delivery 255
10.8 Evaluation of Nanotechnology for Industrial Applications 256
10.9 Application of Nanoparticle Technology 257
10.10 Future of Nanomedicine and Drug Delivery System 261
Conclusion 262
References 262
11 Multifunctional Materials in Engineering and Processing Engineering of Multifunctional Materials 273
Akash Kumar, Srasti Yadav and Shelly Kujur
11.1 Introduction 273
11.2 Synthesis and Fabrication of Multifunctional Materials 275
11.3 Characterization Techniques for Multifunctional Materials 276
11.4 Structure-Property Relationships in Multifunctional Materials 277
11.5 Processing of Multifunctional Materials 279
11.6 Multifunctional Composites and Nanocomposites 282
11.7 Electrical and Thermal Properties of Multifunctional Materials 283
11.8 Optical and Magnetic Properties of Multifunctional Materials 285
11.9 Applications of Multifunctional Materials 287
11.10 Future Directions in Multifunctional Materials 288
11.11 Emerging Trends and Developments in Multifunctional Materials 289
11.12 Conclusion 290
References 291
12 Multifunction Materials Optoelectronic 295
Amit Kumar Srivastava, Prashant Kumar Mishra, Aakash Mathur, Gurupada Maity and Yogendra Kumar
12.1 Multifunction Materials Optoelectronic 296
12.2 Multifunctional Materials for Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) 301
12.3 Multifunctional Materials for Solar Cells 305
12.4 Multifunctional Materials for Photodetectors 310
12.5 Multifunctional Materials for Optical Sensors 314
12.6 Multifunctional Materials for Display Technologies 318
12.7 Multifunctional Materials for Optical Communications 321
12.8 Multifunctional Materials for Future Optoelectronics 325
12.9 Conclusion and Future Directions 326
References 328
13 Analytical Tools for Multifunctional Materials 335
Javed Khan and Shikha Yadav
13.1 Introduction 335
13.2 Spectroscopy Technique 337
13.3 Microscopy Technique 343
13.4 Thermal Analysis Technique 347
13.5 Mechanical Testing Technique 350
13.6 Electrical and Magnetic Techniques 354
13.7 Conclusion 357
References 357
14 Novel Study on Different Polysaccharides and Its Application in Solar Cell 365
Ashlesha P. Kawale, Nishant Shekhar, Arti Srivastava, Navin Pradhan, Pravat K. Swain and S.Y. Bodkhe
14.1 Introduction 365
14.2 Generation of Photovoltaic Cell 367
14.3 Advantages of Solar Cells 368
14.4 Disadvantage of All-Generation Solar Cells 369
14.5 Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell 370
14.6 Component of DSSC 371
14.7 Operating Principle of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell 374
14.8 Excitation Process 374
14.9 Roll of Polysaccharides in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells 376
14.10 Results and Discussion 387
14.11 Future Prospects 388
14.12 Conclusion 389
Acknowledgment 389
References 390
15 Multifunctional Biopolymers: Types, Preparation, and Industrial Applications 393
Surabhi Pandey, Sweekriti Choudhry and Anurag Singh
15.1 Introduction 393
15.2 Sources of Biopolymers 394
15.3 Methods of Biopolymer Processing 402
15.4 Life Cycle Assessment of Biopolymers 406
15.5 Applications of Biopolymers 407
15.6 Conclusion and Future Prospectives 412
References 412
16 Nano-Pesticides, Nano-Herbicides and Nano-Fertilizers: Future Perspective 419
Priyanka Chhabra, Akshara Johari, Divya Bajpai Tripathy and Anjali Gupta
16.1 Introduction 419
16.2 Nanotechnology and Its Importance in Agriculture 420
16.3 Functions of Nanomaterials in Agriculture 422
16.4 Focused Nano-Agromaterials 428
16.5 Methods for Synthesis 433
16.6 Properties of Nanomaterials Used in Agriculture 434
16.7 Researches and Advancements 436
16.8 Future Perspective 437
References 437
17 Nano-Surfactants: Types, Synthesis, Properties, and Potential Applications 441
Divya Bajpai Tripathy, Sonali Kesarwani, Anjali Gupta and Priyanka Chhabra
17.1 Introduction 442
17.2 History of Nano-Surfactants 442
17.3 Types of Nano-Surfactants 443
17.4 Synthesis of Nano-Surfactants 444
17.5 Characterization 445
17.6 Properties of Nano-Surfactants 446
17.7 Stratification of Nano-Surfactants 449
17.8 Applications of Nano-Surfactants 449
17.9 Conclusions 455
References 456
18 Magnetization Dynamics of Ferromagnetic Nanostructures for Spintronics and Bio-Medical Applications 461
Monika Sharma, Ravi Kumar, Anjali Chauhan and Bijoy K. Kuanr
18.1 Introduction 461
18.2 Magnetization Dynamics in Ferromagnetic Nanostructures 463
18.3 Experimental Techniques to Probe Magnetization Dynamics 468
18.4 Dynamic Measurements of Magnetic Nanostructures 472
18.5 Biomedical Applications 485
18.6 Future Applications 488
18.7 Conclusions 489
References 489
Index 497
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