| Preface | p. xiii |
| Acknowledgements | p. xvii |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Early CPU Performance Estimators | p. 2 |
| The SUSPENS Model | p. 3 |
| The Sai-Halasz Performance Estimator | p. 3 |
| The Mii Performance Estimator | p. 4 |
| Model Limitations | p. 5 |
| Current Ongoing Work | p. 6 |
| RIPE: Rensselaer Interconnect Performance Estimator | p. 7 |
| RIPE Framework | p. 7 |
| RIPE Contributions | p. 10 |
| RIPE Website | p. 10 |
| National Technology Roadmap For Semiconductors | p. 11 |
| The 1994 Roadmap | p. 11 |
| The 1997 Roadmap | p. 13 |
| Summary | p. 15 |
| References | p. 15 |
| System Level Representation | p. 17 |
| System Performance Metrics | p. 17 |
| Microprocessor System Organization | p. 19 |
| Summary | p. 24 |
| References | p. 24 |
| Interconnect Parameters | p. 27 |
| Interconnect Resistance | p. 27 |
| Interconnect Metals | p. 28 |
| Effective Resistivity | p. 29 |
| Via Resistance | p. 32 |
| Interconnect Capacitance | p. 34 |
| Low Dielectric Constant Materials | p. 36 |
| Capacitance Estimation | p. 36 |
| Effective Dielectric Constant | p. 42 |
| Inductance | p. 45 |
| Electromigration | p. 46 |
| Yield | p. 47 |
| Summary | p. 49 |
| References | p. 49 |
| Transistor Count and Area Models | p. 53 |
| Memory Structures | p. 54 |
| Cache Memory | p. 54 |
| Translation Lookaside Buffer | p. 64 |
| Model Implementations And Limitations | p. 68 |
| I/O Structures | p. 71 |
| I/O Pad Structure | p. 71 |
| I/O Driver Circuitry | p. 72 |
| Transistor and Area Model for I/O Circuitry | p. 74 |
| CPU Logic | p. 76 |
| Models for Random Logic | p. 76 |
| Random Logic Transistor Count Model | p. 81 |
| Random Logic Area Model | p. 81 |
| Summary | p. 88 |
| References | p. 88 |
| System Wireability | p. 91 |
| Wireability Issue | p. 92 |
| Wiring Methodology | p. 94 |
| Wiring Distribution Model | p. 96 |
| Signal Wiring Distribution | p. 96 |
| Power and Ground Distribution | p. 96 |
| Clock Distribution | p. 100 |
| Wiring Capacity | p. 103 |
| Wiring Demand | p. 106 |
| Rent's Rule | p. 107 |
| Wiring Distribution Models | p. 113 |
| Average Length Wire Estimation Model | p. 114 |
| Long Wire Length Estimation Model | p. 118 |
| Number of Long Wires | p. 118 |
| Average Length Wire Estimate | p. 120 |
| Average Gate Pitch | p. 121 |
| Total Wiring Demand | p. 122 |
| Summary | p. 122 |
| References | p. 122 |
| Device Parameters | p. 125 |
| Transistor Output Resistance | p. 126 |
| Transistor Channel Resistance | p. 126 |
| Contact Resistance | p. 127 |
| Effective Logic Gate Output Resistance | p. 128 |
| Device Capacitance | p. 129 |
| Gate Capacitance | p. 129 |
| Parasitic Source/Drain Diffusion Capacitance | p. 130 |
| Logic Gate Capacitance | p. 132 |
| Logic Gate Input Capacitance | p. 132 |
| Logic Gate Output Capacitance | p. 132 |
| Summary | p. 133 |
| References | p. 133 |
| Cycle Time Estimation Model | p. 135 |
| Critical Path | p. 135 |
| Logic Depth | p. 136 |
| Critical Path Model | p. 137 |
| Propagation Delay Model | p. 138 |
| Analytical Delay Models | p. 139 |
| RIPE Delay Model | p. 145 |
| Crosstalk | p. 149 |
| Summary | p. 152 |
| References | p. 152 |
| System Power Dissipation | p. 155 |
| Power Dissipation Sources | p. 155 |
| Power Estimation Methods | p. 156 |
| Early Power Dissipation Estimation | p. 157 |
| Power Estimation | p. 157 |
| Off-Chip Driver Power Dissipation | p. 158 |
| Random Logic Power Dissipation | p. 159 |
| Random Logic Model | p. 159 |
| Random Logic Switching Capacitance | p. 160 |
| Clock Distribution Power Dissipation | p. 163 |
| Interconnect Power Dissipation | p. 169 |
| Memory Power Dissipation | p. 169 |
| Switching Activity and Activity Factors | p. 172 |
| Summary | p. 173 |
| References | p. 173 |
| Microprocessor Performance Evaluation | p. 175 |
| RIPE Model Benchmarking | p. 175 |
| 1994 NTRS Performance Predictions | p. 178 |
| 1994 NTRS Power Dissipation Predictions | p. 186 |
| 1994 Roadmap and Technology Status | p. 187 |
| Wiring Capacity and Die Size | p. 188 |
| Future Work Directions | p. 189 |
| Book Summary | p. 190 |
| References | p. 191 |
| Index | p. 193 |
| Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved. |