Modeling Groundwater Flow and Pollution

1. Introduction.- 1.1. Groundwater and Aquifers.- 1.2. Management of Groundwater.- 1.3. Groundwater Modeling.- 1.4. Continuum Approach to Porous Media.- 1.5. Horizontal Two-Dimensional Modeling of Aquifers.- 1.6. Objectives and Scope.- 2. Groundwater Motion.- 2.1. Darcy's Law and its Extensions.- 2.2. Aquifer Transmissivity.- 2.3. Dupuit Assumption.- 3. Modeling Three-Dimensional Flow.- 3.1. Effective Stress in Porous Media.- 3.2. Mass Storage.- 3.3. Fundamental Mass Balance Equation.- 3.4. Initial and Boundary Conditions.- 3.5. Complete Statement of Mathematical Flow Model.- 3.6. Modeling Soil Displacement.- 4. Modeling Two-Dimensional Flow in Aquifers.- 4.1. Aquifer Storativity.- 4.2. Fundamental Continuity Equations.- 4.3. Initial and Boundary Conditions.- 4.4. Complete Statement of Aquifer Flow Model.- 4.5. Regional Model for Land Subsidence.- 4.6. Streamlines and Stream Function.- 5. Modeling Flow in the Unsaturated Zone.- 5.1. Capillarity and Retention Curves.- 5.2. Motion Equations.- 5.3. Balance Equations.- 5.4. Initial and Boundary Conditions.- 5.5. Complete Statement of Unsaturated Flow Model.- 6. Modeling Groundwater Pollution.- 6.1. Hydrodynamic Dispersion.- 6.2. Advective, Dispersive, and Diffusive Fluxes.- 6.3. Balance Equation for a Pollutant.- 6.4. Initial and Boundary Conditions.- 6.5. Complete Statement of Pollution Model.- 6.6. Pollution Transport by Advection Only.- 6.7. Macrodispersion.- 7. Modeling Seawater Intrusion.- 7.1. The Interface in a Coastal Aquifer.- 7.2. Modeling Seawater Intrusion in a Vertical Plane.- 7.3. Modeling Regional Seawater Intrusion.- 8. Introduction to Numerical Methods.- 8.1. Analytical versus Numerical Solutions.- 8.2. Survey of Numerical Methods.- 8.3. Computer Programming.- 9. The Finite Difference Method.- 9.1. Steady Flow.- 9.2. Unsteady Flow.- 9.3. Accuracy and Stability.- 9.4. Generalizations.- 10. The Finite Element Method.- 10.1. Steady Flow.- 10.2. Steady Flow in a Confined Aquifer.- 10.3. Steady Flow with Infiltration and Leakage.- 10.4. Steady Flow through a Dam.- 10.5. Unsteady Flow in an Aquifer.- 10.6. Generalizations.- 11. Transport by Advection.- 11.1. Basic Equations.- 11.2. Semi-Analytic Solution.- 11.3. System of Wells in an Infinite Field.- 11.4. System of Wells in an Infinite Strip.- 11.5. Numerical Solution in Terms of the Piezometric Head.- 11.6. Numerical Solution in Terms of the Stream Function.- 11.7. Tracing Particles Along a Stream Line.- 12. Transport by Advection and Dispersion.- 12.1. Dispersion in One-Dimensional Flow.- 12.2. Numerical Dispersion.- 12.3. A Finite Element Model for Two-Dimensional Problems.- 12.4. Random Walk Model.- 13. Numerical Modeling of Seawater Intrusion.- 13.1. Model for Flow in a Vertical Plane.- 13.2. Basic Equations for a Regional Model of Seawater Intrusion.- 13.3. Finite Element Model for Regional Interface Problems.- Appendix. Solution of Linear Equations.- References.- Problems.- Index of Subjects.