Mitra-Varuna

An Essay on Two Indo-European Representations of Sovereignty

By: Georges Dumezil, Stuart Elden (Editor), Derek Coltman (Translator)

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Paperback | 17 March 2025 | Edition Number 1

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236 Pages

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2.29 x 1.52 x 0.18

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A classic text that develops one prong of Dum©zilâs tripartite hypothesis of Indo-European tribes: the sacred sovereign.

Georges Dum©zilâs fascination with the myths and histories of India, Rome, Scandinavia, and the Celts yielded an idea that became his most influential scholarly legacy: the tripartite hypothesis, which divides Indo-European societal functions into three classes: the sacred sovereign, the warrior, and the producer. Mitra-Varuna, originally published in 1940, concentrates on the first function, that of sovereignty. Dum©zil identifies two types of rulers, the first judicial and worldly, the second divine and supernatural. These figures, both priestly, are oppositional but complementary. The title nods to these roles, referring to the gods Mitra, a rational mediator, and Varuna, an awesome religious figure.

Stuart Eldenâs critical edition, based on the 1988 English translation by Derek Coltman, identifies variations between the first and second French editions and completesâ"and in places correctsâ"Dum©zilâs references. The editorâs detailed introduction situates Mitra-Varuna within Dum©zilâs career, outlines how his treatment of its themes developed over time, and relates the book to the political controversy around his ideas. Two new appendices contain passages that did not appear in the second French edition.

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