During the late 1960s and 1970s, as Film Studies crystallized into an academic discipline, psychological realism became linked to both classical Hollywood and continuity editing. The style was derided as theatrical, or worse, bourgeois, a product of a capitalism that valorized individual personality. This view persists, though often tacitly. However, we must attribute some degree of mindedness to any figure that we might call a character, even if that psyche is established not by a performer but by another aspect of the film, such as editing. Through the study of performer and director Mike Nichols, Kyle Stevens questions the aesthetic-ideological stance against psychological realism. He argues that characters' actions are not just filmed concepts but can be film concepts whose forms resonate politically. Nichols' oeuvre centers on moments when words and gestures cease to mean, or to mean in typical ways. In doing so, he exposes the pretense of tropes that constitute conventionally realist characters, and participates in changes in U.S. cultural attitudes toward language, subjectivity, embodiment, and the social, particularly with regard to sexual politics. This book thus sheds light on Hollywood history, historicizes Film Studies' turn away from humanism, and reassesses paradigms that hold psychological realism to be "transparent"-thereby blinding us to potentially subtle and subversive uses of this aesthetic choice.
Industry Reviews
"Employing innovative conceptual models attuned to the complexities of psychological realism, language and dialogic silence, and 'chameleon' acting styles, Stevens argues incisively and convincingly for a full reassessment of Nichols' achievement and of the way critic/scholars designate cinematic auteurs. Absolutely engaging and beautifully written, Mike Nichols is intriguing every step of the way."--Timothy Corrigan, author of The Essay Film: From
Montaigne, After Marker
"This is not just a study of Nichols--although it surely ranks as an appreciative and nuanced assessment of the late director's career. Using Nichols' films as a fulcrum, Stevens rethinks some of the central assumptions of narrative fiction film, namely its theatrical and expressive functions and roots." --Amy Villarejo, author of Ethereal Queer: Television, Historicity, Desire
"...this clear, elegant analysis does justice to the great director... For all of Stevens's command of theory, his great gift is his close analyses of individual shots, phrases, and moments from Nichols's work." -- CHOICE
"Stevens's analysis proves equally illuminating when discussing the aesthetic and political role of improvisational dialogue in Nichols and [Elaine] May's sketches..." -Film Quarterly
"This special book tells the fascinating tale of Mike Nichols, an extraordinary man who made many major contributions to the American stage and cinema as an actor and producer as well as a theater and film director...[a] mature and thoughtful rendering of the long and complicated life of Mike Nichols. No doubt others will have a go at it as well in the years ahead, but surely this book will provide much that is useful for such future efforts." --Journal of
American Culture