Metastatic Cell

Part 1 The tumour cell phenotype: what is a tumour?; general aspects of cell growth; how are tumours classified?; grading and staging; what causes tumours?; how do tumour cells differ from normal cells?; characteristic features of tumour cells; the significance of the immune system in tumour development - immunosurveillance; the induction of tumour dormancy. Part 2 The invasive and metastatic behaviour of malignant cells: invasion and metastisis "In Vivo"; resistance to invasion; the problem of metastasis; the metastatic process - general principles; the spread of carcinomas and sarcomas; the blood system; the structure of blood vessels; functional properties of the vascular endothelium; haemodynamics; the extracellular matrix; the lymphatic system; the extravasation of leukocytes - general principles; essential steps in the metastatic process; the nature and pattern of tumour spread; the role of enzymes in invasion and metastasis; metastasis and immune status. Part 3 "In Vivo" models for the study of invasion and metastasis: general features of model systems; transplantable tumour cell lines; "Artificial" and "Spontaneous" metastasis; the B16 malignant melanoma - a murine model system for the study of invasion and metastasis; "In Vivo" models for lymphatic metastasis; the nude mouse as a model system for invasion and metastasis; transparent model systems for studying cell behaviour during invasion and metastasis; the embryonic chick as a model system for invasion and metastasis. Part 4 "In Vitro" model systems for the study of invasion and metastasis: invasion and metastasis "In Vitro"; general features of "In Vitro" model systems; two dimensional confrontation models; invasion of cell monolayers; invasion of filters; electrophysiological assessment of invasion; invasion of collagen gels; invasion of organs, tissue fragments and aggregates; a comparison of "In Vitro" and "In Vivo" models; Part 5 The adhesive and locomotory behaviour of tumour cells: general aspects of cell adhesion; measuring adhesion; mechanisms of cell - cell adhesion; mechanisms of cell-substrate adhesion; the modulation of adhesion; oncogenes and cell adhesion; cell adhesion and metastasis; homologies within the different adhesive systems; general aspects of cell locomotion; measuring locomotion; chemotaxis and chemokinesis; adhesion and locomotion - haptotaxis; the effects of tumour cells on host locomotion-related functions; locomotion, invasion and metastasis. Part 6 Reflections and new horizons: genes, their regulation and malignancy; cancer in transgenic mice; the reversibility of cancer; the effective treatment of cancer - observations and speculations; an ultimate understanding?.