Membrane Science and Technology

Structure, Function and Other Correlations Volume 14

By: S. Ted Oyama (Editor), Susan M. Stagg-Williams (Editor)

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Hardcover | 13 July 2011 | Edition Number 1

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394 Pages

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23.5 x 15.24 x 1.91

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Inorganic, Polymeric and Composite Membranes: Structure-Function and Other Correlations covers the latest technical advances in topics such as structure-function relationships for polymeric, inorganic, and composite membranes. Leading scientists provide in depth reviews and disseminate cutting-edge research results on correlations but also discuss new materials, characterization, modelling, computational simulation, process concepts, and spectroscopy.

Unified by fundamental general correlations theme
Many graphical examples
Covers all major membrane types

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Non-Fiction Engineering & Technology Technology in General Biochemical Engineering Industrial Chemistry & Manufacturing Technologies Industrial Chemistry Chemical Engineering Science Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry Physical Chemistry

Dedication	p. v
Contributors	p. xv
Preface	p. xix
Correlations	p. 1
Introduction	p. 1
Scientific Laws and Correlations	p. 3
Principles	p. 3
Theories	p. 3
Laws	p. 4
Properties	p. 6
Effects	p. 6
Equations	p. 7
Dimensionless Numbers	p. 10
Criteria	p. 11
Approximations, Factor, Curves	p. 11
Correlations	p. 13
Important Properties in Membrane Science	p. 14
Examples of Correlations in the Membrane Separation Field	p. 16
Summary	p. 22
Acknowledgments	p. 22
References	p. 22
Review of Silica Membranes for Hydrogen Separation Prepared by Chemical Vapor Deposition	p. 25
Introduction	p. 25
Silica Membranes for Hydrogen Separation	p. 25
Chemical Vapor Deposition: Principles	p. 27
Synthesis of Silica Membranes via Chemical Vapor Deposition	p. 29
Silica Membranes Supported on Vycor Glass	p. 37
Silica Membranes Supported on Alumina	p. 48
Conclusions	p. 56
Acknowledgments	p. 56
References	p. 56
Amorphous Silica Membranes for H2 Separation Prepared by Chemical Vapor Deposition on Hollow Fiber Supports	p. 61
Introduction	p. 61
Experimental	p. 65
Results and Discussion	p. 66
Pure Hollow Fiber Support Properties	p. 67
Mesoporous Silica Layer	p. 69
Amorphous -Alumina Layer	p. 72
Silica Precursor and Carrier Gas Flow Rate Effects on the Membrane Separation Performance	p. 73
Gas Separation Mechanism	p. 74
Conclusions	p. 75
Acknowledgments	p. 76
References	p. 76
Ab Initio Studies of Silica-Based Membranes: Activation Energy of Permeation	p. 79
Introduction	p. 79
Previous Theoretical Studies on Dense Silica-based Membranes	p. 80
Method of Calculation	p. 81
Results and Discussion	p. 82
Conclusions	p. 89
Acknowledgments	p. 89
References	p. 89
Review of C02/CH4 Separation Membranes	p. 91
Introduction	p. 91
Discussion	p. 93
Zeolite Membranes and Carbon Molecular Sieves	p. 93
Silica Membranes	p. 97
Polymeric Membranes	p. 98
Mixed-matrix Membranes	p. 102
Supported ionic Liquid and Polyionic Membranes	p. 103
Overall Results	p. 107
Conclusions	p. 109
Acknowledgments	p. 110
References	p. 110
Gas Permeation Properties of Helium, Hydrogen, and Polar Molecules Through Microporous Silica Membranes at High Temperatures: Correlation with Silica Network Structure	p. 117
Introduction	p. 117
Experimental	p. 119
Fabrication of Silica and Co-Doped Silica Membranes by Sol-Gel Method	p. 119
Gas Permeation/Separation Measurements for Silica Membranes	p. 120
Results and Discussion	p. 120
Improved Hydrothermal Stability of Amorphous Silica Membranes	p. 120
Helium and Hydrogen Permeation Properties Through Amorphous Silica Membranes	p. 125
Permeation Properties of Polar Molecules (NH3, H20) Through Amorphous Silica Membranes	p. 127
Conclusions	p. 133
References	p. 134
Correlation Between Pyrolysis Atmosphere and Carbon Molecular Sieve Membrane Performance Properties	p. 137
Introduction	p. 137
Theory and Background	p. 138
Transport in CMS Membranes	p. 138
Structure of CMS Membranes	p. 139
Effect of Pyrolysis Atmosphere on Separation Performance of CMS Membranes	p. 140
Experimental	p. 142
Materials	p. 142
Characterization Methods	p. 145
Results and Discussion	p. 146
Correlation Between Oxygen Exposure and CMS Separation Performance	p. 146
Correlation Between Oxygen Concentration and CMS Separation Performance	p. 161
Possible Mechanism of Oxygen "Doping" Process During Pyrolysis	p. 169
Conclusion	p. 170
Acknowledgements	p. 171
References	p. 171
Review on Prospects for Energy Saving in Distillation Process with Microporous Membranes	p. 175
Introduction	p. 175
Potential of Membrane Separation Technology for Large-Scale Reduction in Energy Consumption	p. 176
Why Zeolite Membranes are Promising	p. 179
Synthesis Technique of Zeolite Membranes	p. 181
Seeding Technique (Secondary Growth Method)	p. 181
Masking Technique	p. 182
Use of SDA for Microstructural Optimization	p. 183
De-Watering Technology Using Zeolite Membranes	p. 184
De-watering of Alcohol	p. 184
De-watering of Organic Acids	p. 186
De-watering for C, Chemistry	p. 187
Concluding remarks	p. 188
References	p. 189
Xylene Separation Performance of Composition-Gradient MFI Zeolite Membranes	p. 195
Introduction	p. 195
Experimental	p. 198
Bilayer Membrane Synthesis and Characterization	p. 198
Pervaporation Experiments	p. 200
Results and Discussion	p. 201
Membrane Characteristics	p. 201
Binary Pervaporation Through Single and Bilayer Membranes	p. 202
Reversal of Bilayer Structure	p. 207
Stability at Higher PX Feed Concentrations	p. 209
Conclusions	p. 210
Acknowledgments	p. 211
References	p. 211
Membrane Extraction for Biofuel Production	p. 213
Introduction	p. 213
Removal of Acetic Acid from Biomass Hydrolysates	p. 215
Extraction of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural	p. 217
Glycerol Extraction	p. 218
Material and Methods	p. 218
Removal of Acetic Acid from Biomass Hydrolysates	p. 219
HMF Extraction	p. 221
Glycerol Extraction	p. 221
Results	p. 221
Conclusions	p. 230
Acknowledgments	p. 231
References	p. 231
A Review of Mixed Ionic and Electronic Conducting Ceramic Membranes as Oxygen Sources for High-Temperature Reactors	p. 235
Introduction	p. 235
General Attributes of Oxygen-Conducting MIEC Ceramic Materials	p. 236
Oxygen Nonstoichiometry	p. 236
Self-Adjusting Phase Equilibria	p. 237
Chemical Expansivity	p. 238
Microstructure of Oxygen-MIEC Ceramics	p. 239
Common Oxygen-MIEC Membrane Materials	p. 240
Fluorites	p. 240
Perovskites	p. 241
SCF-Based Materials	p. 243
Dual-Phase Composite Materials	p. 248
Membrane Modifications to Improve Oxygen Flux	p. 249
Surface Modifications	p. 252
Membrane Thickness Reduction	p. 253
MIEC Membranes for Synthesis Gas Production	p. 255
Synthesis Gas Production Overview	p. 255
Benefits of MIEC Membranes for Synthesis Gas Production	p. 257
Overview of Work to Date	p. 258
Effect of Reaction Temperature on Membrane Performance	p. 260
Effect of Reaction Environment on Membrane Oxygen Flux	p. 261
Conclusions	p. 263
Acknowledgments	p. 264
References	p. 264
Critical Factors Affecting Oxygen Permeation Through Dual-phase Membranes	p. 275
Introduction	p. 275
Design of Dual-Phase Membranes with High Stability and Permeability	p. 278
Experimental Investigation of Dual-Phase Membranes	p. 280
Pure Electronic Conductor or Mixed Conductor?	p. 280
Surface Exchange	p. 281
Preparation Methods for Powders	p. 282
Sintering Temperature	p. 286
Ratio Between the Two Phases	p. 288
Other Factors	p. 289
Conclusions	p. 290
Acknowledgments	p. 290
References	p. 291
High Temperature Gas Separations Using High Performance Polymers	p. 295
Introduction	p. 295
Experimental	p. 297
Instrumentation	p. 297
Permeability Gas Testing	p. 297
Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy	p. 298
Results and Discussion	p. 298
Conclusions	p. 306
Acknowledgments	p. 306
References	p. 306
Using First-principles Models to Advance Development of Metal Membranes for High Temperature Hydrogen Purification	p. 309
Introduction	p. 309
DFT-based Modeling of Crystalline Metal Membranes	p. 311
Cluster Expansion Methods	p. 313
Applications of DFT Calculations to Crystalline Membrane Materials	p. 314
Amorphous Metal Membranes	p. 316
Computational Approaches for Amorphous Metals	p. 317
Amorphous Structures	p. 317
Binding Energy of Interstitial H in Amorphous Alloys	p. 318
H-H Interactions	p. 319
H Solubility in Amorphous Alloys	p. 320
Hydrogen Diffusion in Amorphous Alloys	p. 322
Corrected Diffusivities	p. 323
The Thermodynamic Correction Factor	p. 324
Hydrogen Permeability Through Amorphous Alloys	p. 326
Conclusion	p. 327
Acknowledgments	p. 328
References	p. 328
High Performance Ultrafiltration Membranes: Pore Geometry and Charge Effects	p. 333
Introduction	p. 333
Pore Geometry Effects	p. 335
Fluid Flow	p. 335
Solute Transport	p. 336
Pore Size Distribution Effects	p. 339
Electrostatic Interactions	p. 341
Fluid Flow	p. 341
Solute Transport	p. 344
Concentration Polarization Effects	p. 347
Conclusions	p. 350
Acknowledgment	p. 351
References	p. 351
Subject Index	p. 353
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

Membrane Science and Technology

Structure, Function and Other Correlations Volume 14

At a Glance

Hardcover

Shipping

How to return your order

Defective items

You Can Find This Book In

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