Medieval Warfare

Contents Abbreviations ixIntroduction xi Chapter 1 War in the Middle ages 1Reference Works 1General History 2Late Roman Empire 7Early Middle Ages 10Later Middle Ages 12England, Scotland, Wales, and Ireland 16France, and the Low Countries 23Germany and Switzerland 30Spain and Portugal 33Italy 35Scandinavia 39Byzantine Empire 41Muslim States 44Chapter 2 BattlesReference Works 49Special Topics 49England, Scotland, Wales, and Ireland 50France and the Low Countries 53Germany and Switzerland 55Spain and Portugal 75Italy 57Eastern Europe 57Byzantine and Muslim States 58Chapter 3 Sieges 61Chapter 4 Naval Operations 65General Works 65Northern Europe 67Souther EuropeByzantine and Muslim State 71Chapter 5 Arms and Armor 73Museum Collections 73General Works 76Northern Europe 80 Southern Europe 84Byzantine and Muslim State 85Chapter 6 Archery 87Chapter 7 Calvary 91Chapter 8 Gunpowder, Firearms, Artillery, and Siege Weapons 95General Works 95Northern Europe 98Southern Europe 100Byzantine and Muslim States 100Chapter 9 Fortifications 103General works 103Late Roman Empire 108England, Scotland, Wales, and Ireland 108France and the Low Countires 115Germany and Switzerland 123Spain and Portugal 126Italy 127Scandinavia 132Eastern Europe 133Byzantine and Muslim States 133Chapter 10 Rural, Urban, and Costal Defenses 137Chapter 11 Recruitment and Services 143General Works 143England, Scotland, Wales, adn Ireland 144France and the Low Countires 144Germany and Switzerland 152Spain and Portugal 154Italy 154Eastern Europe 156Byzantine and Muslim States 156Chapter 12 Finance and Supply 159Chapter 13 The Spoils of War, Booty, and RansomsChapter 14 War and Peace 167Chapter 15 The Laws of War 171 Chapter 16 War and Literature 177Chapter 17 Military Treaties 183Chapter 18 Warfare Illustrated 189Index 191