| Foreword | p. vii |
| Preface | p. ix |
| The Physics of Propagation | p. 1 |
| Introduction | p. 3 |
| Propagation Through the Atmosphere | p. 9 |
| The Free-Space Transmission Formula | p. 9 |
| Single-Ray Transmission From Transmitter to Receiver | p. 10 |
| Two-Ray Transmission | p. 17 |
| General Wave Optics Solution | p. 22 |
| Snell's Law | p. 27 |
| Fresnel Formulas | p. 29 |
| Specific Wave Optics Solutions for TE Waves (H-POL) | p. 36 |
| Fading Caused by Two-Ray Transmission | p. 40 |
| Multiray Transmission in an Atmospheric Duct or Slab | p. 42 |
| Geometrical Optics Solution | p. 45 |
| Wave Optics Solutions | p. 50 |
| Even TE-Guided Modes | p. 52 |
| Even TE Radiation Modes | p. 61 |
| Even TE Evanescent Modes | p. 63 |
| Wave Optics Solution for a Line Source Centered in the Duct | p. 64 |
| Solution for Radiation Modes | p. 65 |
| Solution for Guided Modes | p. 70 |
| Total Mode Solution | p. 79 |
| Comparison of Ray and Wave Optics Results | p. 79 |
| Infinite Ray Transmission in Atmospheric Lenses | p. 89 |
| The Focusing Lens | p. 89 |
| The Defocusing Lens | p. 95 |
| Reflections from the Ground | p. 99 |
| Specular Reflections | p. 99 |
| Reflections From an Infinitely Large, Perfectly Reflecting Plane | p. 100 |
| Reflections From a Perfectly Reflecting Rectangular Plane | p. 102 |
| Reflections From a Plane with Rough Surface | p. 111 |
| A Practical Method to Determine Specular Ground Reflections | p. 113 |
| Diffuse Scattering From a Rough Surface | p. 121 |
| Interaction Between Atmospheric and Ground-Reflected Rays | p. 125 |
| Interaction Involving an Infinitely Large Ground Plane | p. 125 |
| Interaction Involving a Sharp Edge on the Ground | p. 131 |
| Obstruction Fading and Path Clearance | p. 135 |
| References for Part 1 | p. 139 |
| Modeling of Propagation | p. 141 |
| Introduction | p. 143 |
| Time Statistics of a Single-Frequency Fading Signal | p. 147 |
| Basic Physics | p. 147 |
| Rayleigh Fading | p. 150 |
| Rice Fading | p. 150 |
| Log-Normal Fading | p. 151 |
| Thermal Outage Probability | p. 151 |
| Attempts at Prediction | p. 152 |
| Statistical Modeling of the Dispersive Fading Channel for Digital Radio Systems | p. 159 |
| Introduction | p. 159 |
| Modeling Based on the Concept of Equipment Signatures | p. 160 |
| Two-Ray Approximation for Deep Fades | p. 160 |
| The Equipment Signature | p. 165 |
| Derivative of Dispersive Outage Probability, Equation (7.1) | p. 166 |
| Discussion of Equation (7.1) | p. 171 |
| Modeling Based on Using the Equivalent Equipment In-Band Power Difference | p. 174 |
| Joint Probability for Two Rayleigh Processes | p. 174 |
| Derivation of the Correlation Coefficient | p. 176 |
| The Equipment Parameter (EP) | p. 180 |
| Relationships With Dispersive Fade Margin and Dispersion Ratio | p. 182 |
| Dispersive Fade Margin | p. 182 |
| Dispersion Ratio | p. 183 |
| Results of Measurements on Nondiversity Digital Radio Systems | p. 186 |
| Statistical Modeling of Propagation Diversity | p. 197 |
| Introduction | p. 197 |
| Frequency Diversity | p. 198 |
| Joint Probability for Two Rice Processes | p. 198 |
| Diversity Improvement Factor | p. 199 |
| Space Diversity | p. 203 |
| Derivation of the Space-Diversity Correlation Coefficient | p. 205 |
| Correlation Coefficient for a Uniform Distribution of pdf(Ch, Ch) | p. 206 |
| Correlation Coefficient for a Combined Uniform-Discrete Distribution of pdf(Ch, Ch) | p. 209 |
| Space-Diversity Improvement Factor | p. 213 |
| Angle Diversity | p. 214 |
| Angle-Diversity Antennas | p. 214 |
| Equivalence Between Angle Diversity and Space Diversity | p. 216 |
| Combined Angle and Space Diversity | p. 218 |
| Diversity Improvements in the Dispersive Channel | p. 219 |
| Results of Measurements on Digital Radio Systems With Angle and Space Diversity | p. 221 |
| Analysis of Measured Data | p. 221 |
| Attempts to Predict the Correlation Coefficient | p. 227 |
| Conclusions | p. 231 |
| The Question of Predicting Propagation Outage in Digital Radio Systems | p. 233 |
| Introduction | p. 233 |
| General Discussion of Prediction Accuracy | p. 233 |
| Accuracy Analysis for Predicted Outage | p. 236 |
| Accuracy Analysis for a Single Radio Hop | p. 242 |
| Accuracy Analysis for a Radio Route | p. 245 |
| Method to Assure High-Quality Transmission in Digital Radio Systems | p. 250 |
| Probability Density Functions for Rayleigh Fading | p. 253 |
| Simplified Angle-Diversity Analysis for Deep Notch Depths | p. 257 |
| References for Part 2 | p. 261 |
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