| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Value-Added Services Gain Importance | p. 1 |
| About this Book | p. 2 |
| The Long Distance Marketplace | p. 7 |
| Looking Back | p. 7 |
| The New ATandT | p. 9 |
| The New RHCs | p. 11 |
| Equal Access | p. 12 |
| The Market Today | p. 13 |
| The Market Players | p. 14 |
| The Major Carriers | p. 16 |
| The Dynamics of Today's Market | p. 19 |
| The Local and Long Distance Network | p. 23 |
| The Local Exchange Central Office | p. 24 |
| Central Offices | p. 26 |
| Remote Switching Units | p. 26 |
| The Long Distance Carrier Point of Presence | p. 26 |
| The Long Distance Network | p. 28 |
| The Local Loop -- Accessing the Long Distance Network | p. 30 |
| Switched Access | p. 30 |
| Dedicated Access | p. 34 |
| T-1 Dedicated Access Connections | p. 35 |
| Intra-LATA Screening | p. 35 |
| Other Forms of Access | p. 36 |
| Centrex | p. 37 |
| ISDN | p. 38 |
| Other Means of Local Access | p. 39 |
| Alternatives to the Local Network | p. 41 |
| Bypass Options | p. 41 |
| Microwave | p. 42 |
| Infrared | p. 45 |
| Satellite | p. 46 |
| Fiber and Copper Cabling | p. 47 |
| Metropolitan Area Networks | p. 49 |
| The Future of Alternative Access | p. 50 |
| MTS and WATS Services | p. 51 |
| MTS Ages Poorly | p. 52 |
| Stepping Up From MTS | p. 53 |
| 700 Services | p. 54 |
| WATS | p. 54 |
| New Access Mechanisms | p. 55 |
| Traditional Pricing Abandoned | p. 55 |
| Choosing a Long Distance Service | p. 57 |
| Discount Mania | p. 58 |
| Multi-Location Plans | p. 59 |
| WATS Features | p. 59 |
| The Future of MTS and WATS | p. 60 |
| 800 Services | p. 63 |
| Current Developments in 800 | p. 66 |
| Banded Services | p. 66 |
| Volume Pricing and Long-term Plans | p. 66 |
| Changing Access Methods | p. 70 |
| 800 Coverage Expansion | p. 71 |
| Network Intelligence | p. 71 |
| Database Access | p. 76 |
| Number Portability Tied to SS7 | p. 76 |
| Selling against ATandT | p. 78 |
| ATandT Call Referral | p. 79 |
| Toll-Free and Automatic Number Identification | p. 79 |
| The Drawbacks to 800 | p. 80 |
| The Future of 800 | p. 81 |
| Private Line Services | p. 83 |
| Defining Private Lines | p. 85 |
| Fractional T-1 | p. 88 |
| IXC Fractional T-1 Products | p. 90 |
| The RBOCs and Fractional T-1 | p. 90 |
| T-3 | p. 92 |
| Switched Private Line Services | p. 93 |
| Private Line Enhancements | p. 96 |
| Carriers Fight a Mature Market | p. 96 |
| Customizing Private Lines | p. 97 |
| Network Management Offerings | p. 98 |
| ATandT's Network Products | p. 98 |
| MCI's INMS | p. 101 |
| Other Carrier's Ready Products | p. 102 |
| User Pitfalls - Assumptions | p. 103 |
| New Providers Entering the Marketplace | p. 104 |
| The Future of Private Lines | p. 105 |
| Virtual Network Services | p. 107 |
| The Concept of Virtual Networks | p. 108 |
| Network Architectures | p. 110 |
| Different Network Priorities | p. 110 |
| Carrier Network Capabilities | p. 112 |
| Dialing Schemes | p. 112 |
| Conversion Capabilities | p. 114 |
| Access Methods | p. 114 |
| Carrier Feature Options | p. 115 |
| The Bottom Line | p. 121 |
| The Future of Virtual Networks | p. 121 |
| Calling Cards | p. 123 |
| The Products | p. 123 |
| The History of Calling Cards | p. 125 |
| ATandT's Competitors | p. 127 |
| Bank Cards and Calling Cards | p. 130 |
| BOC and Independent Cards | p. 130 |
| Payphone Presubscription | p. 131 |
| The Key Role of Signaling | p. 132 |
| Problems with Validation | p. 133 |
| Shopping for calling cards | p. 134 |
| The Future of Calling Cards | p. 135 |
| Facsimile Networks | p. 137 |
| Different Kinds of Fax Network Programs | p. 137 |
| How They Work | p. 140 |
| How They Are Used | p. 141 |
| Hunting for a Fax Network | p. 142 |
| The Future of Facsimile Networks | p. 143 |
| 900 Services | p. 145 |
| The Principle behind 900 Services | p. 146 |
| The 900 Network | p. 148 |
| 900 Image Problems | p. 148 |
| Why 900? | p. 151 |
| Increasing Corporate Use | p. 152 |
| Carrier Services | p. 154 |
| Service Bureaus | p. 157 |
| Choosing a 900 Carrier | p. 158 |
| Choosing a Service Bureau | p. 162 |
| LEC Billing Problems | p. 164 |
| 900 Blocking | p. 166 |
| The Future of 900 | p. 167 |
| Cellular Services | p. 169 |
| Cellular Service Expands | p. 170 |
| Types of Cellular Service | p. 172 |
| Enhanced Features | p. 174 |
| Calling from Outside the Local Area | p. 176 |
| The Drawbacks of Cellular Services | p. 178 |
| The Future of Cellular Services | p. 180 |
| Billing | p. 183 |
| Call Detail Struggles | p. 184 |
| Competitive New Billing Services | p. 184 |
| Invoice and Management Information | p. 185 |
| Billing Consolidation | p. 186 |
| The New Paper Bill | p. 187 |
| Magnetic Media | p. 188 |
| On-Line Billing | p. 189 |
| EDI Invoicing | p. 191 |
| The Future Of Long Distance Billing | p. 193 |
| Intrastate Services | p. 195 |
| Intrastate Competition | p. 195 |
| Selling Intrastate Services | p. 196 |
| The Regulatory Status of Other Providers | p. 197 |
| The Status of State Deregulation | p. 198 |
| Present Intrastate Services | p. 198 |
| State Governments and Universities | p. 199 |
| The Future of Intrastate Services | p. 200 |
| International Services | p. 201 |
| The European Landscape | p. 202 |
| International Standards Remain Important | p. 203 |
| Operating Agreements | p. 204 |
| Collection Rates | p. 205 |
| The Global Political Picture | p. 205 |
| Growth-Based Accounting Rates | p. 206 |
| Competition in the International Arena | p. 206 |
| International Networking | p. 206 |
| International Construction | p. 207 |
| Mergers, Acquisitions, Partnerships | p. 208 |
| The BOCs Go Global | p. 208 |
| International Virtual Network Services | p. 209 |
| Virtual Networks and British Telecom | p. 210 |
| Interlinking Global Networks | p. 211 |
| British Telecom's Future Virtual Network Service | p. 212 |
| Virtual Networks and Mercury Communications | p. 212 |
| Exporting U.S. Intelligence Abroad | p. 213 |
| Access Burden on Customer | p. 214 |
| International Virtual Net Expansion Plans | p. 215 |
| ATandT | p. 215 |
| MCI | p. 216 |
| US Sprint | p. 217 |
| International Networking Issues | p. 217 |
| The Future of International Services | p. 218 |
| Carrier Pricing Strategies | p. 219 |
| Aggregation | p. 219 |
| Checking out an aggregator | p. 220 |
| The Emergence of Aggregators | p. 224 |
| The Limits of Aggregation | p. 225 |
| MCI and Sprint Shun Aggregation | p. 226 |
| The Regulatory Status of Aggregators | p. 226 |
| The Future of Aggregation | p. 227 |
| The Move to Switched Services | p. 228 |
| ATandT's Strategies | p. 229 |
| Migratory Product Line | p. 231 |
| ATandT Network Redevelopment | p. 231 |
| US Sprint's Strategies | p. 232 |
| MCI's Strategies | p. 234 |
| The Future of Pricing | p. 235 |
| Conclusion | p. 237 |
| The New Long Distance Environment | p. 238 |
| Finding the User | p. 238 |
| Glossary | p. 241 |
| Index | p. 283 |
| Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved. |