Lecture Notes in Computer Science

Semi-Automatic Approaches and Tools

By: Domenico Ursino

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Paperback | 6 March 2002

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The problem of integrating multiple information sources into a uni?ed data store is currently one of the most important challenges in data management. Within the ?eld of source integration, the problem of automatically gen- ating an integrated description of the data sources is surely one of the most relevant. The signi?cance of the issue can be best understood if one c- siders the huge number of information sources that an organization has to integrate. Indeed, it is even impossible to try to do all the work by hand. Like other important issues in data management, the problem of integrating multiple data sources into a unique global system has several facets, each of which represents, "per se", an interesting research problem, and comprises, for instance, that of recognizing, at the intensional level, similarities and dissimilarities among scheme objects, that of resolving representation m- matches among schemes, and that of deciding how to obtain an integrated data store out of a set of input sources and of a semantic description of their contents. The research and application relevance of such issues has attracted wide interest in the database community in recent years. And, as a con- quence, several techniques have been presented in the literature attacking one side or another of this complex and multifarious problem.

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Non-Fiction Computing & I.T.Computer Science Artificial Intelligence Expert Systems & Knowledge-Based Systems Medicine Medicine in General Systems Analysis & Design Computer Hardware Maintenance & Repairs Computer Programming & Software Development Databases

Data Warehousing

Introduction	p. 1
Motivations	p. 1
Problem Statement and Approach Description	p. 3
General Characteristics	p. 3
Derivation of Interscheme Properties	p. 4
Construction of a Data Repository	p. 8
Exploiting the Data Repository for Constructing a CIS or a DW	p. 8
Related Works	p. 10
Interscheme Property Derivation	p. 10
Data Repository Construction	p. 12
Synthesis of Cooperative Information Systems	p. 12
Synthesis of Data Warehouses	p. 14
Contribution	p. 16
Interscheme Property Derivation	p. 16
Data Repository Construction	p. 17
Synthesis of a Cooperative Information System	p. 18
Synthesis of a Data Warehouse	p. 18
Experiments	p. 19
Plan of the Thesis	p. 21
Property Extraction
Extraction of Synonymies, Homonymies and Type Conflicts	p. 27
General Characteristics of the Approach	p. 27
Definition of the Graph-Based Metrics	p. 29
External Fixpoint	p. 32
Overview	p. 32
Technical Details	p. 34
Internal Fixpoints	p. 44
Overview	p. 44
Technical Details	p. 44
A Complete Example	p. 47
Complexity Issues	p. 54
Sensitivity Analysis	p. 59
Changes in the LSPD	p. 59
Changes in the Weights w_s(i)	p. 61
Changes in the Weight w_¿	p. 61
Changes in the Weights w_n, w_d and w_k	p. 62
Result Summary	p. 62
Extraction of Object Cluster Similarities	p. 63
General Characteristics of the Approach	p. 63
Derivation of Object Cluster Similarities	p. 64
A Complete Example	p. 66
Complexity Issues	p. 67
Extraction of Hyponymies and Overlappings	p. 71
Introduction	p. 71
Deriving Basic Hyponymies and Overlappings	p. 74
General Characteristics of the Approach	p. 75
Technical Details	p. 76
Tuning Thresholds and Factors	p. 80
A Complete Example	p. 80
Extracting Further Hyponymies	p. 82
Description of the Approach	p. 82
An Example	p. 84
Extraction of Assertions between Knowledge Patterns	p. 87
General Characteristics of the Approach	p. 87
The Language DL_P	p. 89
Preliminary Definitions	p. 89
Syntax	p. 90
Semantics	p. 91
Constructing the Inclusion Dictionary	p. 92
Singling out the Most Interesting Classes	p. 93
Discovering Complex Interscheme Properties	p. 95
Expressions Containing ⊓ and ⊔	p. 96
Expressions Containing &exists;	p. 96
Expressions Containing ∀	p. 98
Computing Complex Expressions	p. 99
Negation	p. 99
Discarding Weak or Repeated Assertions	p. 100
A Complete Example	p. 100
Application Domains	p. 105
Query Optimization	p. 105
View Materialization	p. 107
Web-Based Information Systems	p. 108
Construction of a Cooperative Information System and of a Data Warehouse
Construction of a Data Repository	p. 113
Introduction	p. 113
Support Intensional Information Base	p. 116
The Metascheme	p. 116
The Meta-operators	p. 120
Constructing a Data Repository	p. 122
Description of the Approach	p. 122
Complexity Issues	p. 124
Grouping Schemes into Clusters	p. 124
Scheme Integration	p. 126
Merging Entities	p. 129
Handling Intrascheme Hyponyms	p. 130
Scheme Abstraction	p. 133
Procedure Compute_AD.Rel	p. 135
Procedure Compute_AD.Isa	p. 136
Procedure Compute_AD.Ent	p. 137
Procedure Abstract_CR	p. 138
Procedure Abstract_Rel	p. 138
Procedure Abstract_Isa	p. 139
Procedure Abstract_Ent	p. 140
The "Template" Language for Defining IIB.M.SoV	p. 140
Merging Entities	p. 140
Merging Attributes	p. 141
Merging Relationships	p. 141
Creation of an is-a Relationship	p. 142
Modification of an is-a Relationship	p. 142
Abstracting a Cyclic Relationship into the Corresponding Entity	p. 142
Construction of a Cooperative Information System	p. 143
Introduction	p. 143
General Characteristics of the Proposed Architecture	p. 146
Structure of the Proposed CIS	p. 148
CIS Functionalities	p. 150
Structure of the Mediator	p. 153
Structure of the Wrappers	p. 155
The Web User Interface	p. 156
Construction of a Data Warehouse	p. 161
Introduction	p. 161
General Characteristics of the Proposed Architecture	p. 164
Technical Details	p. 165
Automatic Synthesis of a Data Warehouse	p. 168
System Description and Experimentations
The System D.I.K.E	p. 175
Introduction	p. 175
Context Diagram of DIKE	p. 176
Description of DIKE Modules	p. 178
Intensional Knowledge Extractor (IKE)	p. 178
Data Repository Constructor (DRC)	p. 180
Cooperative Information System Constructor (CISC)	p. 181
Data Warehouse Constructor (DWC)	p. 182
A Trip throughout DIKE	p. 183
Experiments on the Derivation of Similarities and Type Conflicts	p. 189
The Italian Central Governmental Office Databases	p. 189
The Six Groups of Databases under Consideration	p. 191
Group A	p. 191
Group B	p. 191
Group C	p. 191
Group D	p. 195
Group E	p. 196
Group F	p. 197
Group A - Similarity and Type Conflict Extraction	p. 203
Properties Holding between the Objects of TCD and ofRD	p. 203
Properties Holding between the Objects of RD and MED	p. 205
Group B - Similarity and Type Conflict Extraction	p. 207
Interesting Synonymies	p. 207
Interesting Homonymies	p. 207
Interesting Type Conflicts	p. 207
Interesting Object Cluster Similarities	p. 207
Group C - Similarity and Type Conflict Extraction	p. 208
Interesting Synonymies	p. 208
Interesting Homonymies	p. 208
Interesting Type Conflicts	p. 209
Object Cluster Similarities	p. 209
Group D - Similarity and Type Conflict Extraction	p. 209
Interesting Synonymies	p. 209
Interesting Homonymies	p. 209
Interesting Type Conflicts	p. 209
Interesting Object Cluster Similarities	p. 209
Group E - Similarity and Type Conflict Extraction	p. 212
Interesting Synonymies	p. 212
Group F - Similarity and Type Conflict Extraction	p. 212
Interesting Synonymies	p. 212
Interesting Homonymies	p. 213
Interesting Type Conflicts	p. 213
Interesting Object Cluster Similarities	p. 214
Experiments on the Extraction of Hyponymies	p. 215
Group A: Hyponymy and Overlapping Extraction	p. 215
Properties Holding between Objects of RD and of MED	p. 215
Properties between RD and TCD	p. 217
Properties between MED and TCD	p. 219
Experiments on the Extraction of Assertions between Knowledge Patterns	p. 221
Group E - Extraction of Assertions between Knowledge Patterns	p. 221
Experiments on the Construction of a Data Repository	p. 225
Group A-Integration of Schemes and Abstraction of the Global Scheme	p. 225
Integration Algorithm	p. 225
Abstraction Algorithm	p. 227
Group B-Integration of Schemes and Abstraction of the Global Scheme	p. 228
Integration Algorithm	p. 229
Abstraction Algorithm	p. 230
Group C-Integration of Schemes and Abstraction of the Global Scheme	p. 232
Integration Algorithm	p. 232
Abstraction Algorithm	p. 233
Group D-Integration of Schemes and Abstraction of the Global Scheme	p. 234
Integration Algorithm	p. 235
Abstraction Algorithm	p. 236
Group F-Integration of Schemes and Abstraction of the Global Scheme	p. 237
Integration Algorithm	p. 237
Abstraction Algorithm	p. 240
Using the CIS Relative to ICGO Databases	p. 243
General Options of the ICGO CIS	p. 243
Repository Querying	p. 244
Direct Access	p. 244
Access Based on Schemes	p. 246
Access Based on Sources	p. 248
Query Formulation	p. 248
Deferred Answer Visualization	p. 250
Final Issues
A Look at the Future	p. 255
Introduction	p. 255
The Object Exchange Model	p. 256
The Conceptual Model and the Related Metrics	p. 257
The SDR Network	p. 257
Definition of the Metrics	p. 263
Conclusions	p. 267
References	p. 269
Appendix	p. 279
Entity-Relationship Schemes	p. 279
Type Conflict Resolution	p. 280
Resolution of an Entity-Relationship Conflict	p. 281
Resolution of an Entity Attribute-Entity Conflict	p. 282
Resolution of a Relationship Attribute-Entity Conflict	p. 283
Resolution of an Entity Attribute (resp., a Relationship Attribute)-Relationship Conflict	p. 283
Index	p. 285
Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved.

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

Semi-Automatic Approaches and Tools

At a Glance

Paperback

Shipping

How to return your order

Defective items

You Can Find This Book In

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