| Series Foreword | p. xi |
| Introduction | p. xiii |
| Acknowledgments | p. xxi |
| Discourse on Thinking | |
| Puzzling about (Mathematical) Thinking | p. 3 |
| The Quandary of Number | p. 4 |
| The Quandary of Abstraction (and Transfer) | p. 9 |
| The Quandary of Misconceptions | p. 16 |
| The Quandary of Learning Disability | p. 22 |
| The Quandary of Understanding | p. 27 |
| Puzzling about Thinking - in a Nutshell | p. 32 |
| Objectification | p. 34 |
| What Is Research and What Makes It Ineffective? | p. 35 |
| Metaphors as Generators of New Discourses | p. 39 |
| The Metaphor of Object | p. 42 |
| The Gains of Objectification | p. 51 |
| The Traps of Objectification - the Case of the Discourse on Thinking | p. 56 |
| Objectification - in a Nutshell | p. 63 |
| Commognition: Thinking as Communicating | p. 65 |
| Monological and Dialogical Discourses on Thinking | p. 65 |
| Disobjectification of Discourses on Thinking - Brief History | p. 68 |
| We Are Almost There: Participationism | p. 76 |
| Finally: Thinking as Communicating | p. 80 |
| Thinking as Communicating - in a Nutshell | p. 91 |
| Thinking in Language | p. 94 |
| The Dilemma of Relation between Thinking and Speaking | p. 95 |
| Commognizing in Language | p. 101 |
| What Are the Properties of Commognition That Recursivity Makes Possible? | p. 109 |
| Human Development as the Development of Discourses | p. 115 |
| Thinking in Language - in a Nutshell | p. 123 |
| Mathematics as Discourse | |
| Mathematics as a Form of Communication | p. 127 |
| What Makes Mathematical Discourse Distinct | p. 129 |
| Challenges to Mathematical Communication | p. 135 |
| Visual Mediation in Mathematical Communication | p. 146 |
| Visual Realizations of Mathematical Signifiers | p. 154 |
| Mathematics as a Form of Communication - in a Nutshell | p. 160 |
| Objects of Mathematical Discourse: What Mathematizing Is All About | p. 163 |
| Mathematical Objects | p. 164 |
| Historical Development of Mathematical Objects | p. 174 |
| Individualization of Mathematical Objects | p. 177 |
| Challenges of Object Construction | p. 182 |
| Objects of Mathematical Discourse - in a Nutshell | p. 192 |
| Routines: How We Mathematize | p. 195 |
| Meaningfulness from Repetition | p. 195 |
| Rules of Discourse | p. 200 |
| Routines | p. 208 |
| Routines and Creativity | p. 216 |
| Routines - in a Nutshell | p. 220 |
| Explorations, Deeds, and Rituals: What We Mathematize For | p. 222 |
| Explorations | p. 223 |
| Deeds | p. 236 |
| Rituals | p. 241 |
| Development of Routines | p. 245 |
| Explorations, Deeds, and Rituals: What We Mathematize For - in a Nutshell | p. 259 |
| Looking Back and Ahead: Solving Old Quandaries and Facing New Ones | p. 261 |
| Looking Back: What Has Been Done | p. 262 |
| What Happened to the Old Quandaries | p. 263 |
| What Happened to Research on Thinking and Human Development | p. 275 |
| Some Implications for the Practice of Teaching and Learning | p. 280 |
| Looking Ahead: Facing New Question (and New Quandaries?) | p. 289 |
| Looking Back and Ahead - in a Nutshell | p. 292 |
| Glossary of Commognition | p. 295 |
| References | p. 303 |
| Name Index | p. 319 |
| Subject Index | p. 322 |
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