Landscape Grading

Introduction

Section One - Grading Basics

1.1) What is Grading?

1.2) Understanding Spot Elevations

1.3) Determining Slopes

1.4) Interpolation and Slope Intervals

1.5) Contour Grading

1.6) Graphic Conventions

1.7) Summary

1.8) Exercises

1.9) Literature Cited

Section Two - Landforms

2.1) What Are Landforms?

2.2) Watersheds

2.3) Ridges, Peaks and High Points

2.4) Valleys, Ponds and Low Points

2.5) Plane Surfaces

2.6) Summary

2.7) Exercises

2.8) Literature Cited

Section Three - Grading of Landscape Elements

3.1) Drainage Systems

3.2) Plane Surfaces and Warped Planes

3.3) Swales

3.4) Retention Ponds

3.5) Drain Inlets

3.6) Berms

3.7) Summary

3.8) Exercises

3.9) Literature Cited

Section Four - Grading of Built Elements

4.1) Roads, Shoulders, Curbs and Sidewalks

4.2) Paths

4.3) Stairs

4.4) Ramps

4.5) Retaining Walls

4.6) Summary

4.7) Exercises

4.8) Literature Cited

Section Five - Landscape and Built Element Combinations

5.1) Parking Lots

5.2) Culverts

5.3) Sloping Berms

5.4) Summary

5.5) Exercises

5.6) Literature Cited

Section Six - Other Concepts That Are Good to Know

6.1) Calculating Ffe

6.2) Cut And Fill

6.3) Pipes

6.4) Horizontal and Vertical Curves

6.5) Landscape Grading Standards

6.6) Summary

6.7) Exercises

6.8) Literature Cited

Section Seven - Taking The Examination

7.1) A Note About the Computer-Based Test

7.2) Scheduling Your Life Before the Exam

7.3) Test-Taking Tips

7.4) Identifying Topographic Signatures

7.5) Where to Start

7.6) Recommended Reading

7.7) Literature Cited

Section Eight - Grading Vignettes

Section Nine - Solutions to Exercises And Vignettes

Appendix - Metric Standards in Canada and the United Kingdom

A.1) Units of Linear Measurement

A.2) Comparison of Accessible Building Regulations

A.3) Stairs

A.4.) Ramps

A.5) Summary

A.6) Literature Cited

Index

Acknowledgements