About This Resource vii
Acknowledgements xiv
Understanding cognitive verbs
1 Historical concepts and skills 1
1.1 Overview 2
1.2 Historical concepts and skills 4
1.3 SkillBuilder: Historical questions
1.4 SkillBuilder: Chronology
1.5 SkillBuilder: Using historical sources
1.6 SkillBuilder: Continuity and change
1.7 SkillBuilder: Causes and consequences
1.8 SkillBuilder: Historical significance
1.9 SkillBuilder: Communicating
1.10 Review 13
2 Deep Time to modern era 17
2.1 Overview 18
2.2 How do we learn about Deep Time in Australia? 20
2.3 What is meant by Country and creation? 24
2.4 How has landscape and life changed? 28
2.5 Living with the megafauna 31
2.6 What is connection to Country and kin? 36
2.7 What beliefs and values shaped everyday life? 40
2.8 How did trade and technology develop in ancient Australia? 45
2.9 How was land managed? 51
2.10 How do we care for Country and Place? 56
2.11 How is the connection to culture and Country continuing? 62
2.12 Inquiry: Should we return ancestral remains from museums? 66
2.13 Review 68
3 Ancient Egypt 73
3.1 Overview 74
3.2 How do we know about ancient Egypt? 76
3.3 Why was the River Nile so important? 80
3.4 What was Egyptian society like? 85
3.5 What did ancient Egyptians believe? 92
3.6 What is the truth about the pyramids? 97
3.7 Who were Tutankhamun, Akhenaten and Nefertiti? 102
3.8 What were the effects of war and trade? 106
3.9 Rameses II â" Egyptâs greatest pharaoh? 110
3.10 What should we thank the Egyptians for? 115
3.11 Inquiry: How have powerful women been recorded and treated in history? 118
3.12 Review 121
4 Ancient Greece 125
4.1 Overview 126
4.2 How do we know about ancient Greece? 128
4.3 Who were the Minoans and Mycenaeans? 131
4.4 What was the Greek âDark Ageâ? 136
4.5 How were Athens and Sparta governed? 140
4.6 What was life like in Sparta? 144
4.7 What was life like in Athens? 148
4.8 What do we know about Greek laws, myths, gods and oracles? 153
4.9 What were the Olympic Games? 157
4.10 How was Greece changed by wars? 160
4.11 What is the heritage of ancient Greece? 165
4.12 Inquiry: Did the Spartans really kill their weak babies? 170
4.13 Review 172
5 Ancient Rome 177
5.1 Overview 178
5.2 How do we know about ancient Rome? 180
5.3 How did Rome become so powerful? 184
5.4 How did the Roman Empire grow? 188
5.5 Why was the Roman army so successful? 192
5.6 How was Rome ruled? 195
5.7 How brutal was Roman slavery? 200
5.8 What was it like to live in the Roman Empire? 203
5.9 What did ancient Romans believe about death? 208
5.10 How did ancient Roman laws and religion change? 210
5.11 Why did the Roman Empire fall? 215
5.12 What is Romeâs heritage? 219
5.13 Inquiry: How bad was Emperor Nero? 223
5.14 Review 226
6 Ancient India 231
6.1 Overview 232
6.2 How do we know about ancient India? 234
6.3 What is the geography of India? 237
6.4 What are the lost cities of the Indus Valley? 240
6.5 New people, new ideas 247
6.6 What was significant about the Mauryan Empire? 251
6.7 Who was Ashoka the Great? 254
6.8 What was the social structure of ancient India? 258
6.9 Inquiry: What was behind Ashoka the Greatâs sudden change in leadership style? 267
6.10 Review 268
7 Ancient China 271
7.1 Overview 272
7.2 How do we know about ancient China? 274
7.3 How did Chinaâs civilisation begin? 277
7.4 What were life and death like in ancient China? 281
7.5 How did Chinaâs civilisation affect its environment? 286
7.6 What were the influences of Confucianism, religions and laws? 289
7.7 How did the first emperor change China? 293
7.8 Why did the Han dynasty rise and fall? 298
7.9 What is the heritage of ancient China? 303
7.10 Inquiry: How should we judge the legacy of Qin Shihuang? 307
7.11 Review 309
Glossary 314
Index 318
