
Introduction to Sufism
The Inner Path of Islam
By: Eric Geoffroy, Roger Gaetani (Foreword by, Translator)
Paperback | 31 May 2010
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y is Sufism so contelling to both spiritual seekers and scholars? This, the first book in English from an authority on Sufism, Eric Geoffroy, introduces Sufism from many angles and from its origins up to the present day. Geoffroy sees Sufism as a unique lens through which we can view the spirituality that lies behind the forms of Islam. This book covers the history of Sufism from its earliest days up until our own times, touching on the many significant people, practices, ideas, and controversies that have shaped it. It also highlights Sufism's universal aspects, which are a powerful antidote to various fundamentalism. Geoffory's special treatment of the subject balances the voice of long ago (e.g. Ibn 'Arabi, Rumi, Hallaj, and Ghazzali) with many contemporary voices to cover a remarkable scope of topics essential to a full understanding of authentic Sufism.
This book features:
A comprehensive introduction to the movements and figures of historical Sufism
A broad survey of Sufism's origins, doctrines, practices, personalities, and terminology
2 maps of important places in medieval Sufism
A glossary and index of technical terms and an index of proper names
Select bibliographies for further reading
"Both seekers and scholars will find that this book, besides being wide-ranging and well researched, has a rare attribute: by articulating so well the disputes between the scholars of the letter of the divine Law and Sufis, and then between different currents within Sufism itself, Dr. Geoffroy has given us a book that lends itself like few others to discussion and debate. We can easily imagine lively conversations, whether in college classrooms or in readers' living rooms, framed by the contents of this volume."—Roger Gaetani, co-editor of Sufism: Love and Wisdom, from the Translator's Foreword
| Translator's Foreword | p. xi |
| Transliteration System for Arabic Characters | p. xv |
| Preface | p. xvii |
| Fundamentals | p. 1 |
| Definitions and Objectives | p. 1 |
| A Mysticism? | p. 2 |
| Knowledge and Love | p. 3 |
| Who is the Sufi? | p. 4 |
| A Reality without a Name | p. 5 |
| The Science of Spiritual States | p. 6 |
| The Initiatory Path | p. 8 |
| Goals of the Sufi | p. 11 |
| Purifying the Soul | p. 12 |
| Knowing God | p. 12 |
| Union with God, or "Extinguishing Oneself" in Him? | p. 14 |
| Dying to Oneself, and Living Again Through Him | p. 15 |
| Diversity in Sufism | p. 16 |
| A Rich Pallet of Spiritual Types | p. 16 |
| Sufi Literature | p. 19 |
| Inward Alchemy | p. 21 |
| Sufism and Shi'ism | p. 22 |
| Doctrinal Affinities | p. 22 |
| Two Rival Esoterisms | p. 24 |
| The Role of the Feminine in Sufism | p. 27 |
| The Eternal Feminine in Islamic Mysticism | p. 27 |
| The Effects of the Male Ambience | p. 29 |
| Some Prejudices Regarding Sufism | p. 29 |
| Sufism is a Kind of Quietism, and is the Egotistical Search for Individual Salvation | p. 29 |
| Sufism is a Popular Religion, Conceived as a Reaction to the Legalism of "Orthodox" Islam | p. 31 |
| Sufism and Islam | p. 33 |
| Two Names for a Single Reality | p. 33 |
| The Fundamentally Koranic Character of Sufism | p. 33 |
| The Koranic Model | p. 35 |
| "To Combine One's Flesh and Blood with the Koran" | p. 35 |
| The Sufi Travels His Path Through the Book | p. 37 |
| A Multitude of Meanings: Sufi Exegesis | p. 38 |
| The Hadith Qudsi, or "Divine Utterance" | p. 42 |
| The Model of Muhammad | p. 43 |
| "Sufis are Those Who Follow the Path of the Messenger of God and Strive to Acquire His Noble Virtues" | p. 43 |
| The Prophet as Primordial Light | p. 44 |
| The Reality of Muhammad, Mediator between the Divine and Human Realms | p. 45 |
| The Inner Sunna | p. 47 |
| Sufism and Prophetic Tradition (Hadith) | p. 48 |
| The Master of Masters | p. 50 |
| Devotion to the Prophet | p. 53 |
| The Islam of "Excellence" | p. 54 |
| Islam, Iman, Ihsan | p. 54 |
| Sufism Illuminates the Five Pillars | p. 56 |
| Sufism, or Plenary Islam | p. 58 |
| The Law (Shari'a), The Way (Tariqa), and The Reality (Haqiqa) | p. 59 |
| A Law for Sufis Only? | p. 60 |
| The Science of "Unveiling", the Science of Shari'a | p. 62 |
| A Living Law | p. 64 |
| Sufism in Islamic Culture: Historical Perspective | p. 65 |
| The Path of The Pioneers | p. 65 |
| A Foundational Attitude: The Ascetic Renunciation of the World | p. 65 |
| The "Path of Blame" (Malama): From Concealment to Provocation | p. 67 |
| From Asceticism to Mysticism | p. 68 |
| Bistami, the Archetype of "Intoxication" | p. 69 |
| The Baghdad "School" of Sufism (Ninth-Tenth Centuries) | p. 70 |
| Hallaj | p. 70 |
| Junayd | p. 71 |
| Hakim Tirmidhi: Between Prophecy and Sainthood | p. 73 |
| Persecutions | p. 73 |
| Successors of Junayd and Hallaj | p. 74 |
| The Four Founders of the Legal Schools and Sufism | p. 75 |
| The Centuries of Maturation (Tenth-Twelfth Centuries) | p. 78 |
| Legal Scholars, Traditionnists, Sufis: Assertion of Identities | p. 78 |
| Radiance from Khurasan (Tenth-Eleventh Centuries) | p. 79 |
| Sufism and Shafi'ism | p. 79 |
| Manuals of Sufism | p. 80 |
| Ghazzali: The Supremacy of Spiritual Intuition over Reason | p. 83 |
| The Persistence of the Mysticism of "Intoxication" | p. 85 |
| Poetry and Metaphysics | p. 87 |
| Iranian Mystical Poetry (Twelfth-Fifteenth Centuries): 'Attar, Rumi, and Others | p. 87 |
| Rumi: Music and Dance | p. 89 |
| Turkish Mystical Poetry: Yunus Emre | p. 91 |
| Arabic Mystical Poetry: Ibn 'Arabi and Ibn al-Farid | p. 92 |
| The Necessity of Interpreting Mystical Poetry | p. 93 |
| Sufi Terminology | p. 94 |
| Ibn 'Arabi and the Metaphysics of Being | p. 95 |
| Ibn Sab'in, or Oneness Without Compromise | p. 98 |
| Creating A Structure for Sufism (Twelfth-Fifteenth Centuries) | p. 99 |
| The Formation of the "Initiatory Paths" (Tariqa) | p. 101 |
| Iraq | p. 102 |
| Central Asia and Iran | p. 104 |
| India | p. 108 |
| Muslim Spain and the Maghreb | p. 109 |
| Egypt and Syria | p. 111 |
| Anatolia | p. 114 |
| The Caucasus | p. 115 |
| Integration and Expansion: "Sufism, The Heart of Islam" | p. 117 |
| Recognition of Sufism by the Ulama | p. 117 |
| Sufism is Prominent as the Spirituality of Sunni Islam | p. 120 |
| Hanbalism and Sufism | p. 121 |
| Places of Sufi Social Interactions | p. 122 |
| The "Cult of Saints" | p. 124 |
| The Esoteric Governance of the World | p. 125 |
| Sufism and Reformism (Eighteenth-Twentieth Centuries) | p. 126 |
| A Decline of Sufism? | p. 126 |
| The Search for Original Purity (Eighteenth-Nineteenth Centuries): Sufism and Wahhabism | p. 127 |
| The Muhammadian Path | p. 128 |
| Renewed Paths and New Paths | p. 129 |
| Lesser Jihad and Greater Jihad | p. 132 |
| The Sudanese Mahdi | p. 133 |
| Emir 'Abd al-Qadir | p. 133 |
| Sufi Reformism at the Beginning of the Twentieth Century: Amadou Bamba and the Shaykh al-'Alawi | p. 134 |
| Sufism: A Fertile Ground for "Salafi" Reformism | p. 136 |
| Sufism and Islamicism in the Twentieth Century: Politicization | p. 139 |
| "Sufi Scholars" in Contemporary Times | p. 141 |
| Sufism As It Is Lived | p. 142 |
| Master and Disciple | p. 142 |
| A Necessary Relationship | p. 142 |
| An Excessive Veneration? | p. 143 |
| A Reciprocal Code of Conduct | p. 145 |
| A Single Master | p. 146 |
| A Second Birth | p. 146 |
| Sufi Psychology, or the "Science of the Soul" | p. 149 |
| Succession and Delegation of Authority | p. 151 |
| Methods and Rites of Affiliation | p. 153 |
| Initiatory Rites | p. 153 |
| The "Investiture of the Cloak" (Khirqa) | p. 153 |
| "Making the Pact" ('Ahd, Bay'a) | p. 154 |
| "The Secret Teaching of Formulas of Invocation" (Talqin) | p. 155 |
| From True Aspirant to Simple Associate | p. 155 |
| A Fluid World: Multiple Affiliations | p. 156 |
| Uwaysi Initiation | p. 157 |
| Codes of Conduct | p. 158 |
| Correct Inner Attitudes | p. 158 |
| Food | p. 159 |
| Clothing | p. 159 |
| Sleep | p. 159 |
| Travel | p. 159 |
| Between Brothers | p. 160 |
| A Rule for Community Life | p. 161 |
| Initiatory Methods | p. 162 |
| The Invocation (Dhikr) | p. 162 |
| The Highest Form of Worship | p. 162 |
| Formulas of the Invocation | p. 164 |
| From the Dhikr of the Tongue to that of "Inner Consciousness" | p. 166 |
| The Invocation of the Tongue (Dhikr al-Lisan) | p. 166 |
| The Invocation of the Heart (Dhikr al-Qalb) | p. 167 |
| The Invocation of the Inner Consciousness (Dhikr al-Sirr) | p. 167 |
| Aloud, or in Silence? | p. 167 |
| Group Sessions of Dhikr | p. 168 |
| Spiritual Poetry and Music: Sama' | p. 170 |
| The Echo of the Divine Word | p. 170 |
| Subtlety and Ambiguity of Sama' | p. 171 |
| A Joyful and Widespread Practice | p. 172 |
| Litanies and Prayers | p. 174 |
| The Retreat (Khalwa) | p. 176 |
| Rules of the Retreat | p. 177 |
| Not to Stop at Supernatural Phenomena | p. 179 |
| The "Retreat in the Midst of the Crowd" | p. 180 |
| Sufism and Interreligious Openness | p. 182 |
| Religious Pluralism in Islam | p. 182 |
| The Transcendent Unity of Religions | p. 183 |
| The Legacy of Prophetic Pluralism | p. 188 |
| The "Hidden Idolatry" of Common Believers | p. 189 |
| The Temptation of Syncretism | p. 190 |
| The Pressures of Exoterism and History | p. 191 |
| Conclusion: Sufism Yesterday, Sufism Today | p. 194 |
| The "Degeneration of Time" | p. 194 |
| The Illness of "Brotherhoodism" | p. 195 |
| Adapting to Cyclical Conditions | p. 196 |
| Towards a Restructuring of the Roles of Sufism | p. 198 |
| The Messianic Adventure | p. 199 |
| Sufism in the West | p. 200 |
| Maps | p. 204 |
| Glossary and Index of Technical Terms | p. 207 |
| Index of Proper Names | p. 213 |
| Biographical Notes | p. 219 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
ISBN: 9781935493105
ISBN-10: 1935493108
Series: Perennial Philosophy
Published: 31st May 2010
Format: Paperback
Language: English
Number of Pages: 224
Audience: General Adult
Publisher: WORLD WISDOM BOOKS INC
Country of Publication: US
Dimensions (cm): 22.86 x 15.24 x 1.91
Weight (kg): 0.35
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