
Introducing Phonetic Science
Cambridge Introductions to Language and Linguistics
By: Michael Ashby, John Maidment
Paperback | 24 March 2005
At a Glance
230 Pages
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| Introduction to speech | p. 1 |
| Introduction | p. 2 |
| Sounds and symbols | p. 2 |
| Transcribing sounds | p. 4 |
| Types of transcription | p. 5 |
| Syllables | p. 7 |
| Segments: vowels and consonants | p. 7 |
| Suprasegmentals | p. 9 |
| Speech as an acoustic signal | p. 9 |
| Writing systems | p. 10 |
| The relationship between speech and writing | p. 13 |
| Problems with syllables and segments | p. 15 |
| Chapter summary | p. 16 |
| Exercises | p. 16 |
| Further reading | p. 19 |
| Voice | p. 21 |
| Introduction | p. 22 |
| The larynx | p. 22 |
| Vocal folds | p. 22 |
| Voiced and voiceless sounds | p. 22 |
| Observing vocal fold vibration | p. 24 |
| Voicing in languages | p. 26 |
| Whisper | p. 26 |
| Aperiodic waves | p. 29 |
| Chapter summary | p. 30 |
| Exercises | p. 31 |
| Further reading | p. 32 |
| Place of articulation | p. 33 |
| Introduction | p. 34 |
| A brief tour of the vocal tract | p. 34 |
| Articulation | p. 36 |
| Place | p. 36 |
| Complex articulations | p. 40 |
| Homorganic sounds | p. 40 |
| Instrumental techniques | p. 41 |
| Places of articulation used in languages of the world | p. 45 |
| Chapter summary | p. 46 |
| Exercises | p. 46 |
| Further reading | p. 49 |
| Manner of articulation | p. 51 |
| Introduction | p. 52 |
| Airflow, pressure, turbulence | p. 52 |
| Degree of stricture: obstruent and sonorant | p. 53 |
| Stops: oral and nasal, plosive and affricate | p. 54 |
| Fricatives: median and lateral | p. 56 |
| Approximants: median and lateral | p. 57 |
| Taps, flaps and trills | p. 59 |
| Voice, place, manner labels | p. 61 |
| Use of manners of articulation in the world's languages | p. 61 |
| Chapter summary | p. 63 |
| Exercises | p. 63 |
| Further reading | p. 67 |
| Vowels | p. 69 |
| Introduction | p. 70 |
| Spectrum and resonance | p. 70 |
| Vowel articulation | p. 72 |
| Long and short vowels | p. 75 |
| Oral and nasalised vowels | p. 75 |
| Monophthong vs diphthong | p. 75 |
| The vowel quadrilateral | p. 76 |
| Cardinal vowels | p. 77 |
| Vowel systems | p. 79 |
| Vowel instability and variability | p. 80 |
| Chapter summary | p. 83 |
| Exercises | p. 84 |
| Further reading | p. 89 |
| Voice II | p. 91 |
| Introduction | p. 92 |
| Voice Onset Time | p. 92 |
| Aspiration | p. 92 |
| Devoicing | p. 95 |
| Phonation type | p. 97 |
| Chapter summary | p. 99 |
| Exercises | p. 99 |
| Further reading | p. 101 |
| Airstream mechanisms | p. 103 |
| Introduction | p. 104 |
| Airstream generation | p. 104 |
| Ejectives | p. 105 |
| Implosives | p. 108 |
| Clicks | p. 110 |
| Chapter summary | p. 114 |
| Exercises | p. 114 |
| Further reading | p. 115 |
| Speech sounds and speech movements | p. 117 |
| Introduction | p. 118 |
| Primary and secondary articulation | p. 118 |
| The linguistic use of secondary articulation | p. 120 |
| Coarticulation | p. 122 |
| Acoustic and physiological data | p. 129 |
| Chapter summary | p. 132 |
| Exercises | p. 132 |
| Further reading | p. 133 |
| Basic phonological concepts | p. 135 |
| Contrast | p. 136 |
| Minimal pair | p. 136 |
| Environment and distribution | p. 137 |
| Alternation | p. 140 |
| Phonological processes | p. 140 |
| Features | p. 142 |
| Underlying and surface forms | p. 144 |
| Phonological rules | p. 144 |
| The syllable | p. 145 |
| Phonotactics | p. 146 |
| Chapter summary | p. 148 |
| Exercises | p. 148 |
| Further reading | p. 151 |
| Suprasegmentals | p. 153 |
| Introduction | p. 154 |
| Fundamental frequency and pitch | p. 154 |
| Stress | p. 154 |
| Rhythm | p. 160 |
| Lexical tone | p. 162 |
| Intonation | p. 165 |
| Paralinguistic features | p. 171 |
| Chapter summary | p. 172 |
| Exercises | p. 173 |
| Further reading | p. 176 |
| Speaker and hearer | p. 177 |
| Introduction | p. 178 |
| The hearing mechanism | p. 178 |
| Visual cues | p. 180 |
| Speech perception tests | p. 181 |
| Cue redundancy | p. 183 |
| Speech development | p. 184 |
| Hearing impairments | p. 185 |
| Chapter summary | p. 187 |
| Further reading | p. 187 |
| Glossary | p. 189 |
| Solutions to the exercises | p. 201 |
| Index | p. 219 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
ISBN: 9780521004961
ISBN-10: 0521004969
Series: Cambridge Introductions to Language and Linguistics
Published: 24th March 2005
Format: Paperback
Language: English
Number of Pages: 230
Audience: College, Tertiary and University
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Country of Publication: GB
Dimensions (cm): 24.41 x 16.99 x 1.25
Weight (kg): 0.48
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