| Visual Perception and Linear System Theory | p. 1 |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Linear Systems | p. 2 |
| Electromagnetic Radiation and Radiometry | p. 3 |
| Electromagnetic Radiation | p. 4 |
| Optics | p. 6 |
| Radiometry for a Lens System | p. 11 |
| Radiometry for Reflecting Surfaces | p. 17 |
| Color Perception | p. 23 |
| Brightness Matching | p. 25 |
| Axioms of Abney | p. 25 |
| Spectral Sensitivity Function (SSF) | p. 27 |
| Anatomical and Electrophysiological Evidence | p. 29 |
| Color Matching | p. 32 |
| Axioms of Grassman | p. 32 |
| Color Matching Function (CMF) | p. 33 |
| Cone Sensitivities | p. 36 |
| Linear System Theory and Vector Spaces | p. 47 |
| Introduction | p. 47 |
| Signals and Vectors | p. 50 |
| Vector Spaces | p. 50 |
| Linear Functionals and Vector Products | p. 52 |
| Vector Norms and Banach Spaces | p. 54 |
| Norms and Distances | p. 54 |
| Cauchy Sequences and Banach Spaces | p. 55 |
| Dual Vector Spaces | p. 57 |
| Schwartz Functions and Tempered Distributions | p. 58 |
| Bases | p. 60 |
| Linear Operators between Banach Spaces | p. 62 |
| Linear Operators | p. 62 |
| Dual Bases | p. 63 |
| Operators and Matrices | p. 67 |
| Vector Lengths and Hilbert Spaces | p. 69 |
| Hilbert Spaces | p. 69 |
| Bases of Orthogonal Polynomials | p. 72 |
| Orthogonal Projection | p. 78 |
| Linear Operators between Hilbert Spaces | p. 83 |
| Unitary Operators | p. 83 |
| Adjoint Operators | p. 84 |
| Eigenvalue Decomposition | p. 85 |
| Singular Value Decomposition | p. 86 |
| Pseudo-Inverse Operators | p. 87 |
| Frames | p. 89 |
| Color Perception and Colorimetry | p. 101 |
| Introduction | p. 101 |
| Fundamental Color Space | p. 102 |
| Vector Space Model for Color Matching | p. 102 |
| Analysis of Color Matching Data | p. 104 |
| Color Diagram | p. 110 |
| Photometry | p. 112 |
| Luminance and Luminance Ratio | p. 112 |
| Brightness Models and Display Standardization | p. 114 |
| Brightness Adaptation | p. 119 |
| Colorimetry | p. 123 |
| Hering Primaries | p. 123 |
| Chromaticity Plane | p. 125 |
| CIE Standard Illuminants | p. 128 |
| The Munsell Book of Color | p. 130 |
| CIELAB Uniform Color Space | p. 131 |
| Color Management | p. 145 |
| Introduction | p. 145 |
| Additive Color Displays | p. 148 |
| Model | p. 148 |
| Display Calibration | p. 152 |
| Multiplicative Color Displays | p. 160 |
| Continuous-Tone Printing | p. 160 |
| Half-Tone Printing | p. 163 |
| Standardized Color Coordinates | p. 165 |
| Standardized Displays | p. 165 |
| Color Encoding | p. 169 |
| Gamma-Corrected Color Values | p. 173 |
| Image Sensors | p. 173 |
| Model | p. 173 |
| Sensor Calibration | p. 176 |
| Reproducing Reproductions | p. 180 |
| Color Reproduction and Image Quality | p. 182 |
| Gamma Variations | p. 182 |
| Quality: Contrast versus Naturalness | p. 185 |
| Psychophysical Measurement and Modelling of Image Quality | p. 193 |
| Introduction | p. 193 |
| Example of Multidimensional Modelling | p. 195 |
| Psychophysical Measurement | p. 201 |
| Psychophysics | p. 201 |
| Response Variables and Scales | p. 203 |
| Non-Metric Scales and Response Functions | p. 205 |
| Psychophysical Procedures | p. 206 |
| Local Psychophysics | p. 207 |
| Global Psychophysics | p. 208 |
| Multidimensional Modelling of Image Quality | p. 212 |
| MDS Modelling of Continuous Data | p. 215 |
| Maximum-Likelihood (ML) Optimization | p. 216 |
| Power-Like Data Transformations | p. 228 |
| Non-Metric Data | p. 230 |
| Maximum-Likelihood Parameter Estimation | p. 233 |
| Graphical User Interface to XGms | p. 239 |
| Examples of Continuous Data Analysis | p. 243 |
| Coded Images | p. 243 |
| Images with Blur and Noise | p. 252 |
| MDS Modelling of Discrete Data | p. 258 |
| Thurstone Modelling of Attribute Data | p. 260 |
| ML Optimization for a Single Attribute | p. 263 |
| ML Optimization in MDS | p. 264 |
| Ordinal Regression and Instrumental Models | p. 267 |
| Chi-Squared Statistics | p. 267 |
| Examples of Discrete Data Analysis | p. 269 |
| Stimulus Configurations | p. 269 |
| Ordinal Regression of Attribute Scores | p. 270 |
| Summary | p. 272 |
| Discrete Periodic Signals and Fourier Transformations | p. 287 |
| Introduction | p. 287 |
| One-dimensional Signal Transformations | p. 288 |
| Periodic and Discrete Signals | p. 289 |
| Canonical Basis | p. 291 |
| Fourier Basis | p. 293 |
| Convolution | p. 294 |
| Fourier Transformations and Fourier Series | p. 296 |
| Lattices | p. 299 |
| Definitions | p. 299 |
| Reciprocal Lattice | p. 301 |
| Multi-dimensional Signal Transformations | p. 302 |
| Periodic and Discrete Signals | p. 302 |
| Canonical Basis | p. 304 |
| Fourier Basis | p. 305 |
| Convolution | p. 307 |
| Fourier Transformations and Fourier Series | p. 309 |
| Image Sampling and Interpolation | p. 315 |
| Introduction | p. 315 |
| Sampling of Periodic Signals | p. 316 |
| Sampling with Test Functions | p. 316 |
| Dual Basis of a Repetitive Basis | p. 319 |
| Comparing Original and Interpolated Signals | p. 322 |
| Quadratic Error Criterium | p. 322 |
| Fourier Transformation of an Interpolated Signal | p. 324 |
| Inverse Operators | p. 327 |
| Gaussian Functions | p. 331 |
| B-splines | p. 332 |
| Perceptual Assessment | p. 334 |
| Experimental Set-Up | p. 335 |
| Experiment 1 - Effect of Interpolation Filter | p. 337 |
| Experiment 2 - Effect of Sampling Filter | p. 340 |
| Spatio-Temporal Characteristics of the Human Visual System | p. 351 |
| Introduction | p. 351 |
| Eye - Optical Transfer Function (OTF) | p. 352 |
| Optics of the Human Eye | p. 352 |
| Small-Angle and Large-Angle OTF | p. 354 |
| Wavelength-Dependent OTF | p. 358 |
| Color Coordinate Transformations | p. 362 |
| Contrast Sensitivity Function (CSF) | p. 364 |
| Detection of Counterphase Gratings | p. 365 |
| Detection of Drifting Gratings | p. 367 |
| Detection of Static Gratings | p. 370 |
| Detection of Colored Gratings | p. 374 |
| CIELAB Extensions | p. 377 |
| Asymmetric Color Matching | p. 377 |
| S-CIELAB | p. 380 |
| Optimizing Sampling Structures | p. 387 |
| Introduction | p. 387 |
| Sampling Lattice Optimization | p. 388 |
| Periodic Structures | p. 388 |
| Still Images | p. 389 |
| Image Sequences | p. 395 |
| Display Function Optimization | p. 396 |
| Display Functions | p. 396 |
| Threshold Visibility | p. 397 |
| Impairment Model | p. 398 |
| Sampling Function Optimization | p. 403 |
| Image Quantization | p. 407 |
| Introduction | p. 407 |
| Quantization with Bounded Distortion | p. 409 |
| Distortion Measures | p. 409 |
| Quantizer Design | p. 412 |
| Companding | p. 413 |
| Statistical Quantization | p. 415 |
| Uniform Quantization | p. 416 |
| Quantization Error | p. 416 |
| Quantizer Output | p. 419 |
| Correlated Quantization Errors | p. 420 |
| Dithering | p. 422 |
| Ordered Dithering | p. 424 |
| Noise Dithering | p. 430 |
| Error Diffusion | p. 433 |
| Experimental Comparison | p. 437 |
| Quantization of Color Images | p. 438 |
| Double-Ended Instrumental Models of Image Quality | p. 447 |
| Introduction | p. 447 |
| Instrumental Dissimilarity Measures | p. 451 |
| Sarnoff Model | p. 452 |
| Simplified Sarnoff Model | p. 457 |
| Simple Distance Measures | p. 460 |
| Performance of Double-Ended Measures | p. 470 |
| Experimental Data | p. 470 |
| Comparison Methods | p. 472 |
| Instrumental Measures versus Experimental Data | p. 474 |
| Conclusions | p. 480 |
| Single-Ended Instrumental Models of Image Quality | p. 483 |
| Introduction | p. 483 |
| Computational Approach | p. 486 |
| Feature Detection | p. 487 |
| Residue Energy | p. 488 |
| Energy and Amplitude Histograms | p. 488 |
| Energy Maxima | p. 494 |
| Edge Parameter Estimation | p. 497 |
| Two-Dimensional Hermite Transformation | p. 498 |
| One-Dimensional Hermite Transformation | p. 499 |
| Composite Edges | p. 499 |
| Summary Model | p. 504 |
| Images with Correlated Noise | p. 506 |
| Images with Noise and Blur | p. 509 |
| JPEG-Coded Images | p. 511 |
| Conclusions | p. 514 |
| References | p. 519 |
| Index | p. 539 |
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