How Essential Is Fluoride?

Introduction

Definitions

Glossary

Abbreviations of Companies, Institutions, Qualifications and Journals

1. Is Fluorine/Fluoride an Essential Nutrient?

1.1 What Do Scientists Who Performed Animal Experiments Say?

1.2 What Do Other Scientists Involved Say?

1.3 Discussion

2. What Do Experts Say about a Nutritional Role for Fluorine/Fluoride?

2.1 What Does the U.S. National Academy of Sciences Say?

2.2 U.S. Government Literature

2.3 What Does the World Health Organization Say?

2.4 Australian Government Literature

2.5 Textbooks

2.6 Scientific Articles and Experiments Related to Fluorine

and/or Fluoridation

2.7 Mainstream or Popular Science Books and Websites

2.8 Expert Contradictions

2.9 A Couple of Outliers

2.10 Summary

3. What did Experts in New Zealand Say?

3.1 Private Correspondence

3.2 New Zealand Experts Following American Experts

4. How Abundant is Fluoride in Food?

4.1 Revisiting Experiments that Tested for Essentiality

4.2 Other Research into Fluoride Levels in Foods

4.3 National Academy of Sciences Research into Food Fluoride Levels

4.4 World Health Organization Research into Food Fluoride Levels

4.5 Discussion

5. What Do the Experts Say in Newspapers and the Media?

5.1 Numbers and the New Zealand Media

5.2 American Experts in American Media

5.3 Semantics?

5.4 Essentiality within the Context of Opposing Sides

5.5 Abuse

5.6 Are There any Industrial or Financial Motivations for Entrenching

Fluorine's Role in Public Health?

5.7 The Current State of Affairs Regarding Sugar

5.8 The Concentration of Fluorine in the Hastings Water Supply

1953-1956, Private and Public Statements

6. Relating Animal Work to Humans, Research on Humans,

and a Bigger Picture of Tooth Decay

6.1 A Logical Hypothesis Following from the Observations

Made in this Investigation

6.2 An Optimal Level?

6.3 The Possibility of Perfection

6.4 How Much Fluoride is too Much? What do the Experts

and Media Say?

6.5 The Current State of Affairs Regarding a Nutritional Role for Fluorine

7. Conclusion

8. References

Appendix 1. Media articles from Chapter 5.1

Appendix 2. Notes on Letters and Articles Defining "Essential"

Appendix 3. Letter from H. W. Carter regarding political

motives of antifluoridationists

Appendix 4. Fluoride Pollution Lawsuits

References for Appendix 4

Appendix 5. The Use of the "Communist plot" accusation

References for Appendix 5

Appendix 6. "Big Food" Advertising

Appendix 7. What do people Opposed to Community Water

Fluoridation Say about Claims of Fluorine's Essentiality?

Appendix 8. Non-Essentiality/Essentiality of Fluorine and the

Herman/Chomsky Propaganda Model - American and

Australasian Media

References for Appendix 8

Appendix 9. What does the International Society for Fluoride Research

Say about Claims of Fluorine's Essentiality?

Index