| Preface | p. vii |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Ancestry of the Horse | p. 3 |
| Perception and Orientation | p. 18 |
| Vision | p. 18 |
| Hearing | p. 26 |
| Touch, Pressure, and Thermoreception | p. 27 |
| Smell and Taste | p. 28 |
| Proprioception and Equilibrium | p. 32 |
| Pain | p. 33 |
| Orientation and Homing | p. 34 |
| Motor Patterns | p. 36 |
| Reflexes | p. 36 |
| Locomotor Activity | p. 38 |
| Gaits | p. 41 |
| Other Motor Patterns | p. 47 |
| Reactive Distances | p. 60 |
| Behavioral Development | p. 63 |
| Ontogeny of Behavior Patterns | p. 65 |
| Perinatal Development | p. 65 |
| Post-Natal Development | p. 71 |
| Play | p. 83 |
| Solitary Play | p. 84 |
| Play Between Foals and Their Mothers | p. 85 |
| Play Between Foals and Other Young | p. 87 |
| Play Between Young and Adult Horses | p. 89 |
| Investigative Behavior | p. 91 |
| Learning and Memory | p. 96 |
| Habituation | p. 97 |
| Classical Conditioning | p. 97 |
| Instrumental Conditioning | p. 98 |
| Latent Learning, Insight, and Social Learning | p. 110 |
| Imprinting | p. 111 |
| Memory | p. 113 |
| Maintenance Activities | p. 115 |
| Resting and Sleep | p. 117 |
| Ingestive Behavior | p. 124 |
| Feeding | p. 125 |
| Food Selection and Preferences | p. 130 |
| Drinking | p. 136 |
| Nursing | p. 139 |
| Eliminative Behavior | p. 144 |
| Urination | p. 144 |
| Defecation | p. 147 |
| Comfort Behavior | p. 149 |
| Self-Indulgent Behaviors | p. 149 |
| Sunning | p. 149 |
| Shelter-Seeking | p. 149 |
| Licking | p. 150 |
| Nibbling | p. 150 |
| Scratching | p. 152 |
| Rubbing | p. 152 |
| Rolling | p. 153 |
| Shaking and Skin Twitching | p. 153 |
| Tail Switching | p. 157 |
| Mutual Interactions | p. 157 |
| Mutual Grooming | p. 157 |
| Symbiotic Relationships with Birds and Humans | p. 159 |
| Reproductive Behavior | p. 161 |
| Sexual Behavior of Stallions | p. 163 |
| Patterns of Stallion Behavior | p. 165 |
| Intensity of Sexual Behavior | p. 169 |
| Stimuli Affecting Stallion Sexual Behavior | p. 173 |
| Abnormal Sexual Behavior of Stallions | p. 175 |
| Sexual Behavior of Mares | p. 182 |
| Patterns of Mare Behavior | p. 183 |
| Intensity and Duration of Estrus | p. 191 |
| Control of the Estrous Cycle | p. 192 |
| Intrauterine Saline Infusion | p. 193 |
| Photoperiod Manipulation | p. 193 |
| Hormone Injection | p. 194 |
| Other Manipulations | p. 195 |
| Abnormal Sexual Behavior of Mares | p. 196 |
| Maternal Behavior | p. 199 |
| Pre-Parturient Behavior | p. 199 |
| Parturient Behavior | p. 201 |
| Post-Parturient Behavior | p. 203 |
| Abnormal Maternal Behavior | p. 208 |
| Social Behavior | p. 209 |
| Social Organization | p. 211 |
| Herd Structure | p. 211 |
| Emigration and Immigration | p. 215 |
| Social Roles | p. 217 |
| Social Attachment | p. 219 |
| Mare-Foal Attachment | p. 220 |
| Foal-Mare Attachment | p. 224 |
| Peer Attachment | p. 227 |
| Heterosexual Attachment | p. 229 |
| Paternal Attachment | p. 231 |
| Interspecies Attachment | p. 231 |
| Home Range and Territoriality | p. 233 |
| Home Range | p. 233 |
| Territoriality | p. 238 |
| Social Dominance | p. 243 |
| Establishing and Maintaining Rank | p. 245 |
| Factors Influencing Rank | p. 247 |
| Influence of Rank Order on Daily Activity | p. 250 |
| Agonistic Behavior | p. 253 |
| Alert, Alarm, and Flight | p. 253 |
| Aggression | p. 257 |
| Interactions Between Stallions | p. 262 |
| Submission | p. 264 |
| Abnormal Agonistic Behaviors | p. 267 |
| Communicative Behavior | p. 270 |
| Visual Expressions | p. 270 |
| Leg and Body Gestures | p. 271 |
| Facial Expressions | p. 273 |
| Tail and Other Gestures | p. 281 |
| Acoustical Expressions | p. 283 |
| Squeal | p. 283 |
| Nicker | p. 284 |
| Whinny (Neigh) | p. 297 |
| Groan | p. 298 |
| Blow | p. 299 |
| Snort | p. 299 |
| Snore | p. 299 |
| Other Sounds | p. 300 |
| Tactile Interactions | p. 300 |
| Chemical Exchanges | p. 301 |
| Ecological Influences | p. 303 |
| Interaction of Horses and Their Environment | p. 305 |
| Home Range Preferences and Habitat Utilization | p. 305 |
| Bioenergetic Considerations | p. 307 |
| Influence of Resource Distribution on Territoriality | p. 308 |
| Activity Patterns and Movements | p. 308 |
| Environmental Influences on Time-Budgets | p. 308 |
| Diurnal and Nocturnal Movements | p. 309 |
| Seasonal Movement Patterns | p. 309 |
| Antipredator Strategies and the Use of Sanctuaries | p. 310 |
| Symbiotic Relationships | p. 311 |
| Influence of Horses on Their Environment | p. 313 |
| Ecological Influences on Reproduction and Social Behavior | p. 315 |
| Factors Influencing Parturition | p. 315 |
| Influences on Development, Sexual Maturity, and Dispersal | p. 316 |
| Factors Influencing Social Structure and Stability | p. 318 |
| Influences on Reproductive Success | p. 320 |
| Behavioral and Ecological Factors in Population Dynamics | p. 323 |
| Applied Ethology in Horse Care and Management | p. 327 |
| Behavioral Considerations in Horse Management | p. 329 |
| Enclosures and Housing | p. 329 |
| Social Needs and Human Interaction | p. 332 |
| Exercise and Feeding | p. 333 |
| Grooming and Hoof Care | p. 335 |
| Horse Handling Equipment | p. 336 |
| Transport | p. 336 |
| Behavioral Manipulation | p. 340 |
| Early Experience and Human Socialization | p. 341 |
| Training | p. 346 |
| Training Environment | p. 346 |
| Fundamentals of Training | p. 347 |
| Restraint | p. 352 |
| Behavioral Indicators Relevant to Health and Well-Being | p. 362 |
| Changes in Expression and Posture | p. 362 |
| Changes in Perception and Orientation | p. 364 |
| Changes in Motor Coordination | p. 364 |
| Changes in Maintenance Behavior | p. 365 |
| Changes in Social Behavior | p. 366 |
| Appearance of Problem Behaviors | p. 366 |
| Variety of Equine Behavioral Symptoms and Possible Problems Indicated | p. 369 |
| Expressions and Postures | p. 370 |
| Perception Changes | p. 374 |
| Orientation Changes | p. 375 |
| Coordination Changes | p. 375 |
| Maintenance Behavior Changes | p. 379 |
| Social Abnormalities | p. 382 |
| Problem Behaviors (Vices) | p. 383 |
| Bibliography | p. 385 |
| Index | p. 415 |
| Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved. |