Hate and Bias Crime

Acknowledgements Permission Acknowledgements Introduction PART I Defining and Measuring Hate and Bias Crime Introduction Connecting the Past to the Future: Hate Crime in America, Carolyn Petrosino Hate Crime: An Emergent Research Agenda, Donald Green, Laurence McFalls and Jennifer Smith Thinking More Clearly About Hate-Motivated Crimes, Richard Berk, Elizabeth Boyd and Karl Hamner Racial Harassment and the Process of Victimization, Benjamin Bowling Improving the Quality and Accuracy of Bias Crime Statistics Nationally: An Assessment of the First Ten Years of Bias Crime Data Collection, Jack McDevitt, Jennifer Balboni, Susan Bennett, Joan Weiss, Stan Orchowsky and Lisa Walbolt PART II Causes and Consequences Introduction Accounting for Hate Crime: Doing Difference, Barbara Perry Hate Crime Offenders: An Expanded Typology, Jack McDevitt, Jack Levin and Susan Bennett Examining Hate-motivated Aggression: A Review of the Social Psychological Literature on Hate Crimes as a Distinct Form of Aggression, Kellina Craig Hate Crimes Hurt More, Paul Iganski Consequences for Victims: A Comparison of Bias- and Non-Bias-motivated Assaults, Jack McDevitt The Traumatic Effects of Ethnoviolence, Howard J. Ehrlich, Barbara E.K. Larcom and Robert D. Purvis PART III Victims Introduction Black Church Arson in the United States, 1989-1996, Sarah Soule and Nella Van Dyke Anti-Muslim Retaliatory Violence Following the 9/11 Terrorist Attacks, Barbara Perry Treaty Rights and Responding to Anti-Indian Activity, Zoltan Grossman The Mainstreaming of Hate: A Report on Latinos and Harassment, Hate Violence and Law Enforcement Abuse in the '90s, National Council of La Raza Racial Violence Against Asian Americans, Harvard Law Review 2001 Audit of Anti-Semitic Incidents, Anti-Defamation League Hate Crime Victimization Among Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual Adults, Gregory Herek and Roy Gillis Gender Bias Hate Crimes, Beverly McPhail Examining the Boundaries of Hate Crime Law: Disabilities and the Dilemma of Difference, Ryken Grattet and Valerie Jenness PART IV Hate Groups Introduction Defenders of the Faith: Hate Groups and Ideologies of Power, Barbara Perry White Boys to Terrorist Men: Target Recruitment of Nazi Skinheads, Randy Blazak Becoming a Racist: Women in Contemporary Ku Klux Klan and Neo-Nazi Groups, Kathleen Blee Constructing Whiteness: the Intersections of Race and Gender in US White Supremacist Discourse, Abby Ferber Cyberhate: A Legal and Historical Analysis of Extremists' Use of Computer Networks in America, Brian Levin PART V Interventions Introduction The Birth and Maturation of Hate Crime Policy in the United States, Ryken Grattet and Valerie Jenness The Emergence and Implications of American Hate Crime Jurisprudence, James Jacobs Policing Hatred: Police Bias Units and the Construction of Hate Crimes, Jeanine Bell Victim-Offender Mediation: The Road to Repairing Hate Crime Injustice, Alyssa Shenk Promising Practices Against Hate Crimes: Five State and Local Demonstration Projects, Steve Wessler The Prevention of Anti-Lesbian/Gay Hate Crimes Through Social Change and Empowerment, Jeanine Cogan Appendix 1: Hate Crime Legislation Appendix 2: Hate Crime Data Appendix 3: Anti-Hate Resources