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Introduction to the Series | p. v |
Contents of the Handbook | p. vii |
Editors' Introduction | p. xv |
Theory of Public Goods | p. 485 |
Introduction | p. 485 |
Pure public goods | p. 486 |
Generalizations | p. 491 |
Negative benefits | p. 492 |
Public intermediate goods | p. 493 |
Distortionary taxation | p. 495 |
Externalities | p. 496 |
Congestion | p. 499 |
Club goods and local public goods | p. 502 |
Private provision of public goods | p. 509 |
No exclusion, small number of participants | p. 509 |
No exclusion, large number of participants | p. 514 |
Exclusion possible, large number of participants | p. 515 |
Exclusion possible, single seller | p. 518 |
Public sector provision of public goods | p. 522 |
Pigouvian taxes and subsidies | p. 522 |
Information | p. 524 |
Behavior of public officials | p. 530 |
Directions for further research | p. 533 |
References | p. 533 |
Incentives and the Allocation of Public Goods | p. 537 |
Introduction | p. 537 |
Implementation | p. 538 |
Dominant equilibrium: c = d | p. 540 |
Bayesian-Nash equilibrium | p. 540 |
Maximin equilibrium: c = m | p. 541 |
Nash equilibrium: c [identical with] n | p. 541 |
Local dominant equilibrium | p. 543 |
The Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorem | p. 545 |
Public goods only; positional dictators | p. 550 |
The differential approach | p. 551 |
The Clarke-Groves-Vickrey mechanisms | p. 554 |
Weakening incentives requirements | p. 559 |
Planning procedures | p. 561 |
Local dominant equilibrium | p. 561 |
Local maximin equilibrium | p. 566 |
Conclusion | p. 567 |
References | p. 567 |
The Economics of the Local Public Sector | p. 571 |
Introduction | p. 571 |
Community formation and group choice | p. 574 |
A starting point - the theory of clubs | p. 576 |
Optimum club size with congestion | p. 580 |
The Tiebout model | p. 581 |
Allocating individuals with different incomes | p. 581 |
The property tax | p. 583 |
Production inefficiencies in the Tiebout model | p. 585 |
Will an equilibrium exist? | p. 587 |
Capitalization of public spending and taxes in a Tiebout framework | p. 591 |
The efficiency of the Tiebout model with capitalization | p. 597 |
Testing the Tiebout model | p. 598 |
Empirical determination of the demand for local public goods | p. 601 |
Introduction | p. 601 |
Empirical issues | p. 606 |
Some additional empirical issues | p. 609 |
Estimating demand functions in a Tiebout world | p. 612 |
Applications of the demand approach | p. 614 |
Alternative methods for estimating the demand for local public goods | p. 614 |
Will the median level of services provided be efficient? | p. 622 |
Fiscal federalism | p. 625 |
The responsibilities of local government | p. 625 |
The role of grants in a federalist system | p. 634 |
Conclusions | p. 637 |
References | p. 639 |
Markets, Governments, and the "New" Political Economy | p. 647 |
Introduction | p. 647 |
Market failures and the role of government | p. 649 |
The minimal role of government | p. 650 |
Beyond the minimal state: When markets fail | p. 653 |
Market failures as a Prisoner's Dilemma: The potential case for government | p. 663 |
Summary | p. 672 |
The search for efficient government | p. 672 |
Collective action as voluntary exchange | p. 674 |
Coercive mechanisms of collective choice: Democracy vs. efficiency | p. 681 |
Dictatorial processes: The dictator as a benevolent planner | p. 692 |
Democratic processes | p. 703 |
Summary | p. 738 |
Public policies for the public sector | p. 739 |
On designing policies for government reform | p. 740 |
An example: Constitutional limitations for government efficiency | p. 743 |
Summary | p. 753 |
Conclusion: Drawing the borderline between markets and governments | p. 753 |
Addendum | p. 765 |
References | p. 769 |
Income Maintenance and Social Insurance | p. 779 |
Introduction | p. 779 |
Objectives | p. 785 |
Income support and the abolition of poverty | p. 785 |
Measurement of poverty | p. 789 |
Welfare economics and social welfare functions | p. 791 |
Concluding comment | p. 795 |
The design of state income maintenance | p. 795 |
A simple model | p. 795 |
Income support - individualistic preferences | p. 799 |
Ethical preferences | p. 803 |
Social insurance and intertemporal allocation | p. 807 |
The form of income support | p. 811 |
Concluding comment | p. 815 |
The impact in practice | p. 815 |
Complex budget constraints | p. 815 |
Non-receipt of benefits | p. 820 |
Benefits, taxes, and poverty | p. 822 |
Overall redistributive effect | p. 826 |
Political economy of income support | p. 829 |
Concluding comment | p. 833 |
Effects on economic behaviour | p. 833 |
Income support and its effect on retirement decisions | p. 834 |
Disability benefits and participation | p. 847 |
Unemployment insurance and work decisions | p. 851 |
The take-up of welfare/public assistance | p. 865 |
Income support and family formation | p. 868 |
Pensions and savings | p. 869 |
Concluding comments | p. 880 |
Reforms and simulation of their implications | p. 880 |
Specification of effects of reforms and hypothetical examples | p. 881 |
Modelling using representative samples | p. 883 |
Incorporation of changes in behaviour | p. 884 |
General equilibrium effects | p. 887 |
Envoi | p. 889 |
References | p. 889 |
The Theory of Cost-Benefit Analysis | p. 909 |
Basic principles | p. 909 |
Introduction | p. 909 |
Project evaluation, cost-benefit analysis, and shadow prices | p. 910 |
The basic theory of shadow prices | p. 912 |
Shadow prices and optimal public production | p. 916 |
Cost-benefit analysis and the theory of reform | p. 918 |
Lessons from second-best theory | p. 920 |
The model | p. 921 |
General properties of the model | p. 926 |
Some important second-best theorems | p. 937 |
Shadow prices in distorted economies | p. 945 |
Conclusion | p. 953 |
Selected applications of the theory | p. 954 |
Introduction | p. 954 |
The distribution of welfare | p. 955 |
Traded and non-traded goods | p. 961 |
Shadow wages | p. 964 |
Numeraires, discount rates, and foreign exchange | p. 967 |
Private projects and Boiteux firms | p. 976 |
Uncertainty and time | p. 977 |
Some neglected issues | p. 980 |
Summary and conclusions | p. 982 |
References | p. 985 |
Pareto Efficient and Optimal Taxation and the New New Welfare Economics | p. 991 |
Introduction | p. 991 |
One-commodity neoclassical models | p. 993 |
The basic model | p. 993 |
Optimal lump-sum taxes | p. 994 |
Imperfect information | p. 996 |
Implementing the optimal allocations by means of a tax structure | p. 1002 |
The optimal tax structure with [lambda subscript 2] > 0, [lambda subscript 1] = 0 | p. 1003 |
The optimal tax structure with [lambda subscript 1] < 0, [lambda subscript 2] < 0 | p. 1005 |
Equity-efficiency trade-offs | p. 1006 |
Continuum of individuals | p. 1006 |
Some mathematical problems | p. 1008 |
Non-differentiability | p. 1009 |
Discontinuities | p. 1011 |
Generalizations: Random taxation | p. 1011 |
Limitations: Restricted taxation | p. 1014 |
Limitations: The push-pin versus poetry controversy | p. 1017 |
Limitations: General equilibrium effects of taxation | p. 1019 |
Other limitations on the general model | p. 1021 |
Numerical calculations | p. 1022 |
Pareto efficient taxation with many commodities and many periods | p. 1023 |
Alternative tax bases | p. 1023 |
Formal analysis | p. 1024 |
Ramsey versus Atkinson-Stiglitz Pareto efficient taxation | p. 1026 |
Redistributive commodity taxes with optimal linear income taxes | p. 1027 |
Other forms of restricted taxation | p. 1029 |
Implications for capital taxation | p. 1030 |
Overlapping generations models | p. 1031 |
Infinitely lived individuals | p. 1032 |
Imperfect capital markets | p. 1034 |
Altruism and inheritance taxation | p. 1034 |
Commitment | p. 1035 |
Concluding comments | p. 1036 |
Optimal taxation in non-neoclassical economies | p. 1036 |
Concluding remarks | p. 1037 |
References | p. 1039 |
Tax Incidence | p. 1043 |
Introduction | p. 1043 |
Preliminaries | p. 1045 |
The partial equilibrium analysis of tax incidence | p. 1045 |
Methodological issues | p. 1047 |
Empirical incidence evaluations | p. 1049 |
Static general equilibrium models of tax incidence | p. 1050 |
Tax incidence in a one-sector general equilibrium model | p. 1050 |
Tax incidence in a two-sector general equilibrium model | p. 1054 |
Estimate of tax incidence in static general equilibrium models | p. 1063 |
Tax incidence in open economies | p. 1065 |
A simple model of factor mobility | p. 1065 |
Further implications of the simple open economy model | p. 1067 |
Incidence of the property tax | p. 1068 |
Dynamic models of tax incidence | p. 1070 |
Tax incidence in a life-cycle, overlapping generations model | p. 1071 |
Income effects with intergenerational altruism and the possible neutrality of intergeneration transfers | p. 1078 |
Transition effects | p. 1079 |
Asset prices and tax incidence | p. 1082 |
Conclusion | p. 1088 |
References | p. 1088 |
Corrigendum | p. 1093 |
Index | p. 1095 |
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
ISBN: 9780444823151
ISBN-10: 0444823158
Series: Handbook of Public Economics : Book 4
Published: 21st October 2002
Format: Hardcover
Language: English
Number of Pages: 702
Audience: Professional and Scholarly
Publisher: North Holland
Country of Publication: US
Dimensions (cm): 23.4 x 15.6 x 3.18
Weight (kg): 1.42
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