| Introduction | p. 1 |
| References | p. 3 |
| The Main Types of Groundwater Base-Level | p. 5 |
| Factors Controlling Base-Level Elevation Changes | p. 7 |
| General | p. 7 |
| Global, Regional and Local Climate Changes | p. 7 |
| Tectonic Movements | p. 10 |
| Isotatic and Glacio-Isostatic Movements | p. 10 |
| Land Subsidence through Compaction and Dewatering | p. 12 |
| Groundwater Cones of Depression Caused by Natural Processes of Evapotranspiration | p. 13 |
| Groundwater Cones of Depression Caused by Groundwater Exploitation | p. 15 |
| Reference | p. 16 |
| Methods and Techniques to Define Base-Level Elevation and of Measure and Assess the Effect of Their Variation of Adjoining Groundwater Systems | p. 21 |
| Base-Level Elevation | p. 21 |
| Current Ground Level Measurements | p. 21 |
| Current Sea and Lake Level Measurements | p. 22 |
| Paleo-and Historic Shorelines | p. 23 |
| Methods to Determine Groundwater Systems' Response to Base-Level Changes | p. 29 |
| Current Field Measurement | p. 29 |
| Indirect Estimation | p. 30 |
| Hydrological Simulations | p. 31 |
| Reference | p. 32 |
| Captureing of Groundwater Basins and Shifts of Divides | p. 37 |
| General | p. 37 |
| Climate Changes | p. 37 |
| Tectonically Induced Elevation Changes of Base-Levels | p. 38 |
| Karst Systems | p. 39 |
| Stream Piracy by Ground Sapping | p. 40 |
| Groundwater Exploitation | p. 40 |
| Reference | p. 41 |
| Salinity, Salination and Freshening of the Different Base-Levels and Their Adjoining Groundwater Systems | p. 43 |
| General | p. 43 |
| The Global Marine Base-Level | p. 43 |
| Base-Level Salinity | p. 43 |
| Adjoining Groundwater Systems Salinity | p. 43 |
| Continental Endorheic Base-Levels Distant from the Sea | p. 46 |
| Base-Level Salinity | p. 46 |
| Adjoining Groundwater Systems Salinity | p. 47 |
| Flow-Through, Intermediate, Base-Levels | p. 49 |
| Base-Level Salinity | p. 49 |
| Adjoining Groundwater Systems Salinity | p. 49 |
| Salinity of Endorheic Base-Levels below Sea Level, Close to the Sea | p. 50 |
| Freshing of Coastal Aquifers | p. 50 |
| References | p. 53 |
| Paleo, Current and Future Marine Base-Levels | p. 55 |
| General | p. 55 |
| The Neogene Marine Mediterranean Base-Level | p. 55 |
| The Black Sea Neogene to Holocene Base-Levels | p. 58 |
| Quaternary and Holocene Marine Base-Levels | p. 61 |
| Current and Future Marine Base-Levels | p. 63 |
| References | p. 65 |
| Characteristics of Current Continental Endorheic Base-Levels | p. 69 |
| References | p. 72 |
| Current continental Base-Levels above Sea Level | p. 73 |
| General | p. 73 |
| Lake Chad Basin | p. 73 |
| The Great Salt Lake Basin | p. 77 |
| The Andean Altiplano Basin | p. 80 |
| The Aral Sea Basin | p. 83 |
| The Mono Lake Basin, California | p. 85 |
| The Main Ethiopian Rift Basin | p. 90 |
| References | p. 95 |
| Current Continental Base-Levels Below Sea Level and Distant from the Sea | p. 101 |
| General | p. 101 |
| The Great Artesian Basin and Lake Eyre Basin, Australia | p. 101 |
| The Death Valley Basin | p. 106 |
| Central Asia Closed Endorheic Basins | p. 109 |
| The Caspian Sea-Kara Bogaz Gol Basin | p. 113 |
| References | p. 116 |
| Current Continental Base-Levels Below Sea Level, Located Close to the Sea | p. 119 |
| General | p. 119 |
| The Dead Sea Rift Endorheic Base-Level | p. 120 |
| General | p. 120 |
| Structure and Tectonics | p. 122 |
| The Hydrological History of the DSR Base-Level | p. 122 |
| Current Groundwater Flow Regime | p. 125 |
| Water Salinities of the DSR Base-Levels and Their Adjoining Groundwater Systems | p. 126 |
| The Response of the Groundwater System to the DSR Base-Level Changes | p. 131 |
| The Afar Depression-Lake Asal | p. 140 |
| The Qattara Depression | p. 144 |
| The Salton Trough Base-Level | p. 147 |
| The Chotts of Tunisia and Algeria | p. 149 |
| Sabkhat Ghuzayyil, Sirte Basin, Libya | p. 152 |
| Lago Enriquillo, Dominican Republic | p. 155 |
| The Argentine Salinas Close to the Atlantic Coast | p. 156 |
| Sebkha Paki Tah, Morocco | p. 157 |
| Salination Mechanism | p. 157 |
| References | p. 158 |
| Index | p. 167 |
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