Geological Hazards

1 Hazards from Earthquakes.- 1.1. The Great Good Friday Alaska Earthquake and Tsunami, March 27, 1964.- 1.2. Seismicity of the World.- 1.3. Causes of Earthquakes.- 1.4. Earthquake Case Histories.- 1.5. Reduction of Earthquake Hazards.- 1.6. References.- 2 Hazards from Volcanoes.- 2.1. Introduction.- 2.2. Nature and Kinds of Volcanic Activity.- 2.3. Cataclysmic Eruptions.- 2.4. Distribution of Volcanoes.- 2.5. Evaluation of Volcanic Risk.- 2.6. Prediction of Volcanic Eruptions.- 2.7. References.- 3 Hazards from Tsunamis.- 3.1. Causes of Tsunamis.- 3.2. Tsunami Risk.- 3.3. Tsunami Case Histories.- 3.4. References.- 4 Hazards from Landslides.- 4.1. Classification of Landslides.- 4.2. Mechanics of Landslides.- 4.3. Slope Analysis.- 4.4. Site Investigations for Landslides.- 4.5. Detection and Control.- 4.6. Landslide Case Histories.- 4.7. References.- 5 Hazards from Ground Subsidence.- 5.1. Classification of Subsidence.- 5.2. Subsidence Analysis.- 5.3. Detection and Control.- 5.4. Ground Subsidence Case Histories.- 5.5. References.- 6 Hazards from Snow Avalanches.- 6.1. Introduction.- 6.2. Classification and Mechanisms of Avalanches.- 6.3. Analysis, Investigation and Control of Avalanches.- 6.4. Avalanche Case Histories.- 6.5. References.- 7 Hazards from Floods.- 7.1. Introduction.- 7.2. Some Facts about Floods.- 7.3. Fighting Back.- 7.4. Flood Disasters.- 7.5. References.- 8 Hazard Mitigation and Control.- 8.1. Overall Risk Zoning.- 8.2. Public Safety.- 8.3. Geological Risk Maps.- 8.4. Population Growth and Priorities.- 8.5. The California Urban Geology Study.- 8.6. Interdisciplinary Decisions.- 8.7. Geological Hazard Insurance.- 8.8. Seismic Risk Zoning and Building Codes.- 8.9. References.- Appendices A. Notable World Earthquakes.- B. Important Earthquakes of the United States, Canada and Mexico.- C. Number of Active and Other Geologically Recent Volcanoes in Various Regions.- D. Major Flood Disasters of the World 1963-1974.- E. Metric-English Conversion Table.- F. Geologic Time Scale.