
Fundamentals of Computational Fluid Dynamics
By:Â H. Lomax, Thomas H. Pulliam, David W. Zingg
Hardcover | 12 May 2003
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268 Pages
24.13 x 16.51 x 1.91
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Industry Reviews
From the reviews of the first edition:
"[The book] is much needed to fill a gap in the market for texts that try to cover some of the fundamental mathematical aspects of the subject. The book is aimed at graduate students and concentrates an analysing the properties of approximations produced by finite-difference and finite-volume methods. The emphasis throughout the book is on the study of the properties of the techniques as applied to model equations such as the linear convection and diffusion equations. [...] The main strengths of the book are that the theoretical aspects are treated in an elegant and simple manner, making it easy for the reader to appreciate the subtle links between the discrete and continuous operators and linear algebra. The mathematics is self-contained and not daunting. Most of the sections are well written and the section on ordinary differential equations and time marching methods is particularly good." (Contemporary Physics, 44/4, 2003)
"An introduction to finite volume methods for initial-boundary value problems for partial differential equations, developed with applications in CFD in mind. [...] The student who has mastered this material will be well equipped for further study and use of numerical methods in the computational disciplines, where one's only guide is often analogy with simple cases. [...] I found the book pleasant to read, and good for students. The level is that of a course for students studying for a Masters degree in their final year. Teachers of similar courses will find the book useful. A good collection of exercises is included." (P. Wesseling, Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, 24/6, 2003)
"The book is well written and well organized. It can be easily adopted as a textbook for senior or graduate students studying numerical methods of fluid mechanics. Practice exercises are provided at the end of each chapter, some of them expecting the reader to write his own computer codes. This reviewer would regard Fundamentals of Computational Fluid Dynamics as essential to anyone planning to use CFD modeling." (T.A. Kowalewski, Applied Mechanics Review, 55/4, 2002)
"[...] emphasizes fundamental concepts in developing, analyzing, and understanding numerical methods for the partial differential equations governing the physics of fluid flow. [...] The chosen approach, in which the partial differential equations are reduced to ordinary differential equations, and finally to difference equations, gives the book its distinctiveness and provides a sound basis for a deep understanding of the fundamental concepts in computational fluid dynamics." (CFD Online, Oct. 21. 2002)
"The unaffected style adopted by the authors makes the book very readable and brings a surprising degree of freshness to the mature concepts that are its emphasis. For this reason, in addition to graduate students, the book may appeal to professionals who do not have formal training in CFD but who wish to learn more theory than is found in cookbook-oriented code manuals... [There is a] sharp focus on ideas and analysis rather than tips and techniques ..." (Datta V. Gaitonde, U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, in the American Institute for Aeronautics and Astronautics Journal)
"... the book covers a good set of introductory material and includes some topics and insights not found in other books at this level, along with numerous exercises. In the hands of a knowledgeable instructor, it could form the basis for an excellent course and would be a useful supplement in general." (Randall J. LeVeque, University of Washington, in the SIAM Review)
"The objective of this book is to provide an elementary but exhaustive tutorial presentation on computational fluid dynamics (CFD), emphasizing the fundamental principles and surveying a variety of algorithms whose applications range from laminar incompressible flow to hypersonic turbulent flow. The book is aimed at students, who have had little or no experience in this field, both recent graduates as well as researchers ... . In conclusion, it must be mentioned that this textbook includes superb exercises to close each chapter." (Andrzej Icha, Pure and Applied Geophysics, Vol. 161. 2004)
"The book contains a broad variety of numerical methods for partial differential equations arising in fluid dynamics. After a brief introduction of conservation laws, the authors discuss various finite volume and finite difference methods. Thereby, also higher-order schemes are introduced, and fundamental concepts of time marching methods are presented. The book is written as a textbook and provides valuable information for students, researchers and practitioners in science and engineering." (A. Meister, Zentralblatt MATH, Vol. 970, 2001)
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Motivation | p. 1 |
| p. 2 | |
| Problem Specification and Geometry Preparation | p. 2 |
| Selection of Governing Equations and Boundary Conditions | p. 3 |
| Selection of Gridding Strategy and Numerical Method | p. 3 |
| Assessment and Interpretation of Results | p. 4 |
| Overview | p. 4 |
| Notation | p. 4 |
| Conservation Laws and the Model Equations | p. 7 |
| Conservation Laws | p. 7 |
| The Navier-Stokes and Euler Equations | p. 8 |
| The Linear Convection Equation | p. 11 |
| Differential Form | p. 11 |
| Solution in Wave Space | p. 12 |
| The Diffusion Equation | p. 13 |
| Differential Form | p. 13 |
| SolutioninWaveSpace | p. 14 |
| Linear Hyperbolic Systems | p. 15 |
| Exercises | p. 17 |
| Finite-Difference Approximations | p. 19 |
| Meshes and Finite-Difference Notation | p. 19 |
| Space DerivativeApproximations | p. 21 |
| Finite-Difference Operators | p. 22 |
| Point Difference Operators | p. 22 |
| Matrix Difference Operators | p. 23 |
| Periodic Matrices | p. 26 |
| CirculantMatrices | p. 27 |
| Constructing Differencing Schemes of Any Order | p. 28 |
| TaylorTables | p. 28 |
| Generalization of Difference Formulas | p. 31 |
| Lagrange and Hermite Interpolation Polynomials | p. 33 |
| Practical Application of Padé Formulas | p. 35 |
| OtherHigher-OrderSchemes | p. 36 |
| FourierErrorAnalysis | p. 37 |
| ApplicationtoaSpatialOperator | p. 37 |
| Difference Operators at Boundaries | p. 41 |
| TheLinearConvectionEquation | p. 41 |
| The Diffusion Equation | p. 44 |
| Exercises | p. 46 |
| The Semi-Discrete Approach | p. 49 |
| Reduction of PDE's to ODE's | p. 50 |
| The Model ODE's | p. 50 |
| TheGenericMatrixForm | p. 51 |
| ExactSolutionsofLinearODE's | p. 51 |
| EigensystemsofSemi-discreteLinearForms | p. 52 |
| Single ODE's of First and Second Order | p. 53 |
| CoupledFirst-OrderODE's | p. 54 |
| General Solution of Coupled ODE's with Complete Eigensystems | p. 56 |
| RealSpaceandEigenspace | p. 58 |
| Definition | p. 58 |
| EigenvalueSpectrumsforModelODE's | p. 59 |
| Eigenvectors of the Model Equations | p. 60 |
| Solutions of the Model ODE's | p. 62 |
| TheRepresentative Equation | p. 64 |
| Exercises | p. 65 |
| Finite-Volume Methods | p. 67 |
| Basic Concepts | p. 67 |
| ModelEquations in Integral Form | p. 69 |
| TheLinearConvectionEquation | p. 69 |
| The Diffusion Equation | p. 70 |
| One-DimensionalExamples | p. 70 |
| A Second-Order Approximation to the Convection Equation | p. 71 |
| A Fourth-Order Approximation to the Convection Equation | p. 72 |
| A Second-Order Approximation to the Diffusion Equation | p. 74 |
| ATwo-Dimensional Example | p. 76 |
| Exercises | p. 79 |
| Time-Marching Methods for ODE'S | p. 81 |
| Notation | p. 82 |
| Converting Time-Marching Methods to OE's | p. 83 |
| Solution of Linear OE's with Constant Coefficients | p. 84 |
| First- and Second-Order Difference Equations | p. 84 |
| Special Cases of Coupled First-Order Equations | p. 86 |
| Solution of the Representative OE's | p. 87 |
| The Operational Form and its Solution | p. 87 |
| Examples of Solutions to Time-Marching OE's | p. 88 |
| The - Relation | p. 89 |
| Establishing the Relation | p. 89 |
| The Principal -Root | p. 90 |
| Spurious -Roots | p. 91 |
| One-Root Time-Marching Methods | p. 92 |
| Accuracy Measures of Time-Marching Methods | p. 92 |
| Local and Global Error Measures | p. 92 |
| Local Accuracy of the Transient Solution (er , er&omgea;) | p. 93 |
| Local Accuracy of the Particular Solution (er) | p. 94 |
| Time Accuracy for Nonlinear Applications | p. 95 |
| Global Accuracy | p. 96 |
| Linear Multistep Methods | p. 96 |
| The General Formulation | p. 97 |
| Examples | p. 97 |
| Two-Step Linear Multistep Methods | p. 100 |
| Predictor-Corrector Methods | p. 101 |
| Runge-Kutta Methods | p. 103 |
| Implementation of Implicit Methods | p. 105 |
| Application to Systems of Equations | p. 105 |
| Application to Nonlinear Equations | p. 106 |
| Local Linearization for Scalar Equations | p. 107 |
| Local Linearization for Coupled Sets of Nonlinear Equations | p. 110 |
| Exercises | p. 112 |
| Stability of Linear Systems | p. 115 |
| Dependence on the Eigensystem | p. 115 |
| Inherent Stability of ODE's | p. 116 |
| The Criterion | p. 116 |
| Complete Eigensystems | p. 117 |
| Defective Eigensystems | p. 117 |
| Numerical Stability of OE's | p. 118 |
| The Criterion | p. 118 |
| Complete Eigensystems | p. 118 |
| Defective Eigensystems | p. 119 |
| Time-Space Stability and Convergence of OE's | p. 119 |
| Numerical Stability Concepts in the Complex -Plane | p. 121 |
| -Root Traces Relative to the Unit Circle | p. 121 |
| Stability for Small t | p. 126 |
| Numerical Stability Concepts in the Complex h Plane | p. 127 |
| Stability for Large h | p. 127 |
| Unconditional Stability, A-Stable Methods | p. 128 |
| Stability Contours in the Complex h Plane | p. 130 |
| Fourier Stability Analysis | p. 133 |
| The Basic Procedure | p. 133 |
| Some Examples | p. 134 |
| Relation to Circulant Matrices | p. 135 |
| Consistency | p. 135 |
| Exercises | p. 138 |
| Choosing a Time-Marching Method | p. 141 |
| Stiffness Definition for ODE's | p. 141 |
| Relation to -Eigenvalues | p. 141 |
| Driving and Parasitic Eigenvalues | p. 142 |
| Stiffness Classifications | p. 143 |
| Relation of Stiffness to Space Mesh Size | p. 143 |
| Practical Considerations for Comparing Methods | p. 144 |
| Comparing the Efficiency of Explicit Methods | p. 145 |
| Imposed Constraints | p. 145 |
| An Example Involving Diffusion | p. 146 |
| An Example Involving Periodic Convection | p. 147 |
| Coping with Stiffness | p. 149 |
| Explicit Methods | p. 149 |
| Implicit Methods | p. 150 |
| A Perspective | p. 151 |
| Steady Problems | p. 151 |
| Exercises | p. 152 |
| Relaxation Methods | p. 153 |
| Formulation of the Model Problem | p. 154 |
| Preconditioning the Basic Matrix | p. 154 |
| The Model Equations | p. 156 |
| Classical Relaxation | p. 157 |
| The Delta Form of an Iterative Scheme | p. 157 |
| The Converged Solution, the Residual, and the Error | p. 158 |
| The Classical Methods | p. 158 |
| The ODE Approach to Classical Relaxation | p. 159 |
| The Ordinary Differential Equation Formulation | p. 159 |
| ODE Form of the Classical Methods | p. 161 |
| Eigensystems of the Classical Methods | p. 162 |
| The Point-Jacobi System | p. 163 |
| The Gauss-Seidel System | p. 166 |
| The SOR System | p. 169 |
| Nonstationary Processes | p. 171 |
| Exercises | p. 176 |
| Multigrid | p. 177 |
| Motivation | p. 177 |
| Eigenvector and Eigenvalue Identification with Space Frequencies | p. 177 |
| Properties of the Iterative Method | p. 178 |
| The Basic Process | p. 178 |
| A Two-Grid Process | p. 185 |
| Exercises | p. 187 |
| Numerical Dissipation | p. 189 |
| One-Sided First-Derivative Space Differencing | p. 189 |
| The Modified Partial Differential Equation | p. 190 |
| The Lax-Wendroff Method | p. 192 |
| Upwind Schemes | p. 195 |
| Flux-Vector Splitting | p. 196 |
| Flux-Difference Splitting | p. 198 |
| Artificial Dissipation | p. 199 |
| Exercises | p. 200 |
| Split and Factored Forms | p. 203 |
| The Concept | p. 203 |
| Factoring Physical Representations -Time Splitting | p. 204 |
| Factoring Space MatrixOperators in 2D | p. 206 |
| Mesh Indexing Convention | p. 206 |
| Data-Bases and Space Vectors | p. 206 |
| Data-Base Permutations | p. 207 |
| Space Splitting and Factoring | p. 207 |
| Second-Order Factored Implicit Methods | p. 211 |
| Importance of Factored Forms in Two and Three Dimensions | p. 212 |
| The Delta Form | p. 213 |
| Exercises | p. 214 |
| Analysis of Split and Factored Forms | p. 217 |
| The Representative Equation for Circulant Operators | p. 217 |
| Example Analysis of Circulant Systems | p. 218 |
| Stability Comparisons of Time-Split Methods | p. 218 |
| Analysisofa Second-Order Time-Split Method | p. 220 |
| The Representative Equation for Space-Split Operators | p. 222 |
| Example Analysis of the 2D Model Equation | p. 225 |
| The Unfactored Implicit Euler Method | p. 225 |
| The Factored Nondelta Form of the Implicit Euler Method | p. 226 |
| The Factored Delta Form of the Implicit Euler Method | p. 227 |
| The Factored Delta Form of the Trapezoidal Method | p. 227 |
| Example Analysis of the 3D Model Equation | p. 228 |
| Exercises | p. 230 |
| Appendices | p. 231 |
| Useful Relations from Linear Algebra | p. 231 |
| Notation | p. 231 |
| Definitions | p. 232 |
| Algebra | p. 232 |
| Eigensystems | p. 233 |
| Vector and Matrix Norms | p. 235 |
| Some Properties of Tridiagonal Matrices | p. 237 |
| Standard Eigensystem for Simple Tridiagonal Matrices | p. 237 |
| Generalized Eigensystem for Simple Tridiagonal Matrices | p. 238 |
| The Inverse of a Simple Tridiagonal Matrix | p. 239 |
| Eigensystems of Circulant Matrices | p. 240 |
| Standard Tridiagonal Matrices | p. 240 |
| General Circulant Systems | p. 241 |
| Special Cases Found from Symmetries | p. 241 |
| Special Cases Involving Boundary Conditions | p. 242 |
| The Homogeneous Property of the Euler Equations | p. 245 |
| Index | p. 247 |
| Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved. |
ISBN: 9783540416074
ISBN-10: 3540416072
Series: Scientific Computation
Published: 12th May 2003
Format: Hardcover
Language: English
Number of Pages: 268
Audience: Professional and Scholarly
Publisher: Springer Nature B.V.
Country of Publication: DE
Dimensions (cm): 24.13 x 16.51 x 1.91
Weight (kg): 0.54
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