
Foreign Exchange in Practice
The New Environment, Third Edition
By:Â Steve Anthony
Hardcover | 1 January 2003 | Edition Number 3
At a Glance
408 Pages
Revised
24.77 x 16.51 x 2.54
Hardcover
$329.00
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| Preface | p. xiii |
| Exchange Rates | p. 1 |
| Commodity Currency and Terms Currency | p. 1 |
| Reciprocal Rates | p. 2 |
| Price Changes | p. 3 |
| Price and Volume Quotations | p. 3 |
| Cross Rates | p. 5 |
| Chain Rule | p. 5 |
| Points | p. 7 |
| Calculating Exchange Profits and Losses | p. 8 |
| Realized and Unrealized Profits and Losses | p. 8 |
| History of Exchange Rate Determination | p. 9 |
| Practice Problems | p. 11 |
| Interest Rates | p. 12 |
| Nominal and Effective Interest Rates | p. 12 |
| Basis Points | p. 12 |
| Day Count Conventions | p. 13 |
| Simple Interest | p. 13 |
| Variable Interest | p. 15 |
| Compound Interest | p. 16 |
| Semi-Annual Interest | p. 17 |
| Floating Interest Rates | p. 18 |
| Equivalent Interest Rates | p. 19 |
| Index Algebra | p. 19 |
| Logarithms | p. 20 |
| Continuously Compounding Rates | p. 20 |
| Forward Interest Rates | p. 22 |
| Present Value | p. 24 |
| Discount Factors | p. 25 |
| Bonds | p. 25 |
| Practice Problems | p. 27 |
| Cash Flows and Value Dates | p. 29 |
| Specifications of Cash Flows | p. 29 |
| Positive and Negative Cash Flows | p. 29 |
| T-Accounts | p. 29 |
| Spot Value Dates | p. 31 |
| Nostro Accounts | p. 32 |
| Forward Value Dates | p. 32 |
| Short Dates | p. 33 |
| Net Cash Flow Position | p. 33 |
| Net Exchange Position | p. 33 |
| Distinction Between Net Exchange Position and Net Cash Flow Position | p. 35 |
| Net Exchange Position Sheet | p. 38 |
| Blotter | p. 38 |
| NPV Method | p. 39 |
| Practice Problems | p. 40 |
| Yield Curves and Gapping in the Money Market | p. 41 |
| The Yield Curve | p. 41 |
| Reasons for the Normal Yield Curve | p. 42 |
| Impact of Interest Rate Expectations | p. 43 |
| Yield Curves in Practice | p. 45 |
| Spreads for Credit and Liquidity Risk | p. 46 |
| Yield Curve Movements | p. 47 |
| Traditional Banking Strategy: Riding the Yield Curve | p. 48 |
| Gapping in the Money Market: How to Profit from Expected Changes in Interest Rates | p. 49 |
| Opening a Negative Gap | p. 50 |
| Closing a Negative Gap | p. 51 |
| Gapping with a Normal Yield Curve | p. 52 |
| Opening a Positive Gap | p. 54 |
| Closing a Positive Gap | p. 55 |
| Break-Even Rates | p. 55 |
| Early Closure of a Gap | p. 56 |
| Extending a Gap | p. 57 |
| Practice Problems | p. 58 |
| Bid and Offer Rates | p. 61 |
| Quoting Bank and Calling Bank | p. 61 |
| Price Maker and Price Taker | p. 61 |
| Bid and Offer Rates in the Money Market | p. 62 |
| Bid and Offer Rates in the Foreign Exchange Market | p. 62 |
| Bid Offer Spreads | p. 64 |
| Brokers | p. 67 |
| Electronic Dealing Systems | p. 67 |
| Market Jargon | p. 68 |
| Trending Rates | p. 68 |
| Covering a Spot Exchange Position at Market Rates | p. 70 |
| Covering a Spot Exchange Position at Own Rates: Jobbing | p. 70 |
| Market Making | p. 71 |
| Arbitrage | p. 72 |
| Cross Rates | p. 72 |
| Arbitraging Cross Rates | p. 74 |
| Practice Problems | p. 75 |
| Forward Exchange Rates | p. 78 |
| Calculation of Forward Exchange Rates | p. 78 |
| Calculation of Forward Margins | p. 80 |
| Forward Discounts | p. 80 |
| Forward Premiums | p. 81 |
| Compensation Argument | p. 82 |
| Forward Rate Formula | p. 82 |
| Role of Price Expectations | p. 83 |
| Bid and Offer Rates | p. 84 |
| Forward Cross Rates | p. 88 |
| Currency Futures | p. 89 |
| Long-Term Foreign Exchange (LTFX) | p. 89 |
| Zero Coupon Discount Factors | p. 90 |
| NPV Accounting | p. 92 |
| Short Dates | p. 95 |
| Short Date Margins | p. 97 |
| Practice Problems | p. 98 |
| Applications of Forward Exchange | p. 101 |
| Foreign Exchange Risk | p. 101 |
| Hedging | p. 102 |
| Partial Hedging | p. 104 |
| Hedging Export Receivables | p. 105 |
| Effective Exchange Rates | p. 108 |
| Benefits and Costs of Premiums and Discounts | p. 108 |
| Hedging Foreign Currency Borrowings | p. 109 |
| Effective Cost of Hedged Foreign Currency Borrowings | p. 111 |
| Break-Even Rates | p. 112 |
| Cost of Hedging Foreign Currency Borrowings | p. 114 |
| Effective Cost of Unhedged Foreign Currency Borrowings | p. 115 |
| Unhedged Foreign Currency Investments | p. 117 |
| Effective Yield on Hedged Foreign Currency Investments | p. 120 |
| Effective Yield on Unhedged Foreign Currency Investments | p. 121 |
| Par Forwards | p. 124 |
| Practice Problems | p. 126 |
| Swaps | p. 130 |
| Types of Currency Swap | p. 131 |
| Swap Rates | p. 131 |
| Outright Forwards Rates | p. 131 |
| Determining the Spot Rate in a Swap | p. 133 |
| Pure Swaps and Engineered Swaps | p. 133 |
| Short Dated Swaps | p. 135 |
| Applications of Currency Swaps | p. 136 |
| Covering Outright Forward Exchange Positions | p. 137 |
| Rolling a Foreign Exchange Position | p. 140 |
| Historic Rate Rollovers | p. 144 |
| Early Take-Ups | p. 145 |
| Simulated Foreign Currency Loans | p. 147 |
| Simulated Foreign Currency Investments | p. 151 |
| Covered Interest Arbitrage | p. 153 |
| Central Bank Swaps | p. 156 |
| Forward Rate Agreements (FRAs) | p. 157 |
| Calculating the Settlement for an FRA | p. 157 |
| Forward Yield Curves | p. 157 |
| Interest Rate Swaps | p. 158 |
| Pricing Interest Rate Swaps | p. 160 |
| General Formula for Pricing Swaps | p. 162 |
| Cross Currency Swaps | p. 164 |
| Varying Market Conventions | p. 165 |
| Practice Problems | p. 166 |
| The FX Swaps Curve and Gapping in the Foreign Exchange Market | p. 169 |
| The FX Swaps Curve | p. 169 |
| Gapping in the Foreign Exchange Market: How to Profit from Expected Changes in Interest Rate Differentials | p. 173 |
| Riding the Swaps Curve | p. 176 |
| Cash Flow Implications of Spot Rate Changes | p. 177 |
| Break-Even Swap Rate | p. 179 |
| Practice Problem | p. 180 |
| Currency Options - Pricing | p. 181 |
| Calculating Option Premiums | p. 183 |
| Profit Profiles: Naked Options | p. 184 |
| Option Pricing | p. 192 |
| Combinations and Probabilities | p. 194 |
| Probability Distribution | p. 195 |
| Relationship Between the Strike Price and Market Rate | p. 198 |
| Time to Expiry | p. 199 |
| Volatility | p. 201 |
| Risk-Free Interest Rate | p. 206 |
| Put-Call Parity | p. 206 |
| Put-Call Arbitrage | p. 207 |
| Reverse Binomial Method | p. 209 |
| American Versus European Options | p. 210 |
| Geometric Binomial Model | p. 210 |
| Black-Scholes Model | p. 213 |
| Interest Rate Differentials | p. 215 |
| Currency Options | p. 215 |
| Proof of Put-Call Parity | p. 215 |
| Interpreting the Adapted Black-Scholes Formula | p. 217 |
| Black's Model | p. 219 |
| Practice Problems | p. 220 |
| Applications of Currency Options | p. 222 |
| Applications Using Options When There is an Underlying Exposure | p. 222 |
| Effective Exchange Rate | p. 228 |
| Foreign Currency Borrower | p. 229 |
| Foreign Exchange Trader | p. 232 |
| Foreign Currency Investor | p. 234 |
| Varying the Strike Price | p. 236 |
| Collars | p. 237 |
| Zero Premium Collar | p. 237 |
| Ill-Fitting Collar | p. 240 |
| Debit Collar | p. 240 |
| Credit Collar | p. 241 |
| Participating Options | p. 242 |
| Participating Collars | p. 244 |
| Practice Problems | p. 245 |
| Option Derivatives | p. 248 |
| Digital Options | p. 248 |
| Pricing an At-Expiry Digital | p. 249 |
| Reverse Binomial Pricing Method | p. 250 |
| Pricing One-Touch Digitals | p. 251 |
| Closed Form Pricing Formula | p. 252 |
| Applications of Digital Options | p. 252 |
| Barrier Options | p. 255 |
| Pricing Knock-Outs | p. 257 |
| Pricing Knock-Ins | p. 258 |
| Closed Form Solutions | p. 259 |
| Applications of Barrier Options | p. 261 |
| Knock-Out Forwards | p. 262 |
| Combinations | p. 264 |
| Other Path-Dependent Options | p. 264 |
| Other Non-Path-Dependent Options | p. 267 |
| Correlation | p. 270 |
| Cross Rate Volatility | p. 271 |
| Basket Options | p. 272 |
| Hybrids | p. 275 |
| Summary | p. 277 |
| Practice Problems | p. 278 |
| Factors Affecting Exchange Rates | p. 280 |
| Theories of Exchange Rate Determination | p. 280 |
| Factors Affecting Interest Rates | p. 285 |
| Interrelationship Between Interest Rates and Exchange Rates | p. 286 |
| Time Horizon | p. 287 |
| Long-Term Outlook | p. 287 |
| Short-Term Factors | p. 288 |
| Summary | p. 290 |
| Value at Risk | p. 291 |
| Market Price Risk | p. 291 |
| Factor Sensitivities | p. 291 |
| Duration | p. 292 |
| Using Distribution Theory | p. 293 |
| Multiple Factors | p. 299 |
| Theta | p. 301 |
| Delta | p. 304 |
| Gamma | p. 307 |
| Vega | p. 309 |
| Rho | p. 310 |
| Value at Risk Limits | p. 311 |
| The Problem with Stop-Loss Limits | p. 312 |
| Portfolio Value at Risk | p. 313 |
| Stress Tests | p. 314 |
| Credit Risk | p. 314 |
| NPV Method | p. 317 |
| Potential Exposure | p. 317 |
| Credit Risk Factors | p. 319 |
| Pre-Settlement Risk Limits | p. 321 |
| Techniques to Reduce PSR | p. 321 |
| Liquidity Risk | p. 324 |
| Managing Funding Liquidity Risk | p. 325 |
| Other Types of Financial Risk | p. 327 |
| Practice Problems | p. 328 |
| Solutions to Practice Problems | p. 330 |
| Cumulative Standard Normal Distribution ([mu] = 0, [sigma] = 1) | p. 375 |
| Glossary of Terms | p. 378 |
| Index | p. 387 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
ISBN: 9781403901743
ISBN-10: 1403901740
Series: Finance and Capital Market
Published: 1st January 2003
Format: Hardcover
Language: English
Number of Pages: 408
Audience: General Adult
Publisher: Springer Nature B.V.
Country of Publication: GB
Edition Number: 3
Edition Type: Revised
Dimensions (cm): 24.77 x 16.51 x 2.54
Weight (kg): 0.74
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