| An Introduction to Electrode Reactions | p. 1 |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Electrolysis Cells | p. 5 |
| Simple Electron-transfer Reactions | p. 9 |
| Equilibrium Potential | p. 9 |
| Other Potentials | p. 13 |
| Mass Transport | p. 19 |
| Diffusion Only Conditions | p. 22 |
| Convective-diffusion Conditions | p. 27 |
| Interaction of Electron Transfer and Mass TransportP31 | |
| Reversible vs Irreversible Electrode Reactions | p. 33 |
| Adsorption | p. 36 |
| Study of Adsorption | p. 37 |
| Why is Adsorption of Interest? | p. 38 |
| Coupled Chemical Reactions | p. 39 |
| Phase Formation and Growth | p. 44 |
| Multiple Electron Transfer | p. 46 |
| Summary | p. 46 |
| Further Reading | p. 47 |
| The Two Sides of the Interface | p. 48 |
| Introduction | p. 48 |
| Metals | p. 48 |
| Bulk Structure and Properties | p. 48 |
| Surface Structure | p. 50 |
| Electrolyte Solution | p. 55 |
| Solvent | p. 55 |
| Electrolyte | p. 57 |
| Reactant, Intermediates and Product | p. 61 |
| Ion-permeable Membranes | p. 69 |
| Further Reading | p. 72 |
| The Interfacial Region | p. 73 |
| Introduction | p. 73 |
| Models of the Electrical Double Layer | p. 75 |
| Adsorption of Organics | p. 80 |
| Experimental Consequences of the Double Layer | p. 82 |
| Charging Currents | p. 82 |
| Electrode Kinetics | p. 84 |
| Concluding Remarks | p. 85 |
| Further Reading | p. 86 |
| A further Look at Electron Transfer | p. 87 |
| Introduction | p. 87 |
| Formal Potential | p. 88 |
| Kinetics of Electron Transfer | p. 89 |
| Setting the Scene | p. 89 |
| Absolute Rate Theory | p. 90 |
| Fluctuating Energy Level Model for Electron Transfer | p. 95 |
| Some Experimental Results | p. 99 |
| Electron Transfer with Biomolecules | p. 101 |
| Correction of Kinetic Parameters for Double Layer Effects | p. 103 |
| Futher Reading | p. 105 |
| More Complex Electrode Reactions | p. 107 |
| Introduction | p. 107 |
| Multiple Electron Transfer Reactions | p. 108 |
| Hydrogen Evolution and Oxidation Reactions | p. 110 |
| Mechanism I or II - Reaction A as the Rate-determining Step | p. 113 |
| Mechanism I - Reaction B as the Rate-determining Step | p. 114 |
| Mechanism II - Reaction C as the Rate-determining Step | p. 115 |
| Oxygen Evolution and Reduction | p. 118 |
| Other Reactions | p. 121 |
| Electrocatalysis | p. 122 |
| Further Reading | p. 126 |
| Experimental Electrochemistry | p. 127 |
| Introduction | p. 127 |
| The Problems | p. 128 |
| IR Drop | p. 128 |
| Double Layer Charging Currents | p. 130 |
| Electrical Noise | p. 131 |
| Mass Transport Regime | p. 132 |
| Solution Contamination | p. 133 |
| A Reproducible Electrode Surface | p. 134 |
| Instrumentation | p. 135 |
| Components in Electrochemical Cells | p. 137 |
| Working Electrode | p. 137 |
| Counter Electrode | p. 140 |
| Reference Electrode | p. 143 |
| Electrolyte Solution | p. 143 |
| Separators and Membranes | p. 144 |
| Some Cell Designs | p. 145 |
| What is Controlled? | p. 149 |
| Further Reading | p. 153 |
| Techniques for the Study of Electrode Reactions | p. 154 |
| Introduction | p. 154 |
| Steady State Techniques | p. 156 |
| Electrolysis/Coulometry | p. 156 |
| Steady State Current Density vs Potential | p. 159 |
| Rotating Disc Electrodes (RDEs) | p. 159 |
| Rotating Ring Disc Electrodes (RRDE) | p. 175 |
| Non-steady State Techniques | p. 177 |
| Potential Step Experiments | p. 178 |
| Cyclic Voltammetry | p. 187 |
| AC Impedance | p. 211 |
| Microelectrodes | p. 214 |
| Steady State Experiments | p. 215 |
| Non-steady State Experiments | p. 216 |
| Spectroelectrochemistry | p. 217 |
| Further Reading | p. 220 |
| Fuel Cells | p. 222 |
| Introduction | p. 222 |
| What is a Fuel Cell? | p. 223 |
| Types of Fuel Cell | p. 226 |
| Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells | p. 226 |
| Alkaline Fuel Cells | p. 229 |
| Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cells | p. 230 |
| Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells | p. 230 |
| Solid Oxide Fuel Cells | p. 231 |
| H2/O2 PEM Fuel Cells | p. 232 |
| Solid Polymer Electrolyte (Membrane) | p. 233 |
| Cathode Catalyst | p. 235 |
| Anode Catalyst | p. 236 |
| Membrane Electrode Assemblies | p. 238 |
| Bipolar Plate | p. 239 |
| Fuel Cell Stack | p. 240 |
| Revising the Electrochemistry | p. 240 |
| PEM Fuel Cell Performance | p. 242 |
| Commercial Developments | p. 247 |
| Further Reading | p. 247 |
| Improving the Environment | p. 248 |
| Introduction | p. 248 |
| Water Electrolysis | p. 250 |
| Providing Clean Water | p. 253 |
| Production of Fine Chemicals | p. 258 |
| Removal of Metal Ions From Effluent | p. 262 |
| Further Reading | p. 268 |
| Problems and Solutions | p. 269 |
| Problems | p. 269 |
| Solutions | p. 281 |
| Subject Index | p. 298 |
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