| List of Figures | p. XV |
| List of Tables | p. XIX |
| Introduction to the Human Visual System (HVS) | |
| Visual Attention | p. 3 |
| Visual Attention: A Historical Review | p. 4 |
| Von Helmholtz's "where" | p. 4 |
| James' "what" | p. 5 |
| Gibson's "how" | p. 6 |
| Broadbent's "selective filter" | p. 6 |
| Deutsch and Deutsch's "importance weightings" | p. 6 |
| Yarbus and Noton and Stark's "scanpaths" | p. 8 |
| Posner's "spotlight" | p. 9 |
| Treisman's "glue" | p. 11 |
| Kosslyn's "window" | p. 11 |
| Visual Attention and Eye Movements | p. 12 |
| Summary and Further Reading | p. 14 |
| Neurological Substrate of the HVS | p. 17 |
| The Eye | p. 20 |
| The Retina | p. 21 |
| The Outer Layer | p. 22 |
| The Inner Nuclear Layer | p. 22 |
| The Ganglion Layer | p. 24 |
| The Optic Tract and M/P Visual Channels | p. 25 |
| The Occipital Cortex and Beyond | p. 27 |
| Motion-Sensitive Single-Cell Physiology | p. 28 |
| Summary and Further Reading | p. 29 |
| Visual Psychophysics | p. 31 |
| Spatial Vision | p. 31 |
| Temporal Vision | p. 35 |
| Perception of Motion in the Visual Periphery | p. 38 |
| Sensitivity to Direction of Motion in the Visual Periphery | p. 38 |
| Color Vision | p. 38 |
| Implications for Attentional Design of Visual Displays | p. 41 |
| Summary and Further Reading | p. 42 |
| Taxonomy and Models of Eye Movements | p. 43 |
| The Extra-Ocular Muscles and The Oculomotor Plant | p. 43 |
| Saccades | p. 44 |
| Smooth Pursuits | p. 48 |
| Fixations | p. 48 |
| Nystagmus | p. 49 |
| Implications for Eye Movement Analysis | p. 50 |
| Summary and Further Reading | p. 50 |
| Eye Tracking Systems | |
| Eye Tracking Techniques | p. 55 |
| Electro-Oculography (EOG) | p. 56 |
| Scleral Contact Lens/Search Coil | p. 57 |
| Photo-Oculography (POG) or Video-Oculography (VOG) | p. 58 |
| Video-Based Combined Pupil/Corneal Reflection | p. 58 |
| Classifying Eye Trackers in "Mocap" Terminology | p. 62 |
| Summary and Further Reading | p. 65 |
| System Hardware Installation | p. 67 |
| Integration Issues and Requirements | p. 67 |
| System Installation | p. 71 |
| Lessons Learned from the Installation at Clemson | p. 73 |
| Summary and Further Reading | p. 74 |
| System Software Development | p. 77 |
| Mapping Eye Tracker Screen Coordinates | p. 78 |
| Mapping Screen Coordinates to the 3D Viewing Frustum | p. 78 |
| Mapping Screen Coordinates to the 2D Image | p. 80 |
| Measuring Eye Tracker Screen Coordinate Extents | p. 80 |
| Mapping Flock Of Birds Tracker Coordinates | p. 82 |
| Obtaining the Transformed View Vector | p. 84 |
| Obtaining the Transformed Up Vector | p. 85 |
| Transforming an Arbitrary Vector | p. 85 |
| 3D Gaze Point Calculation | p. 86 |
| Parametric Ray Representation of Gaze Direction | p. 89 |
| Virtual Gaze Intersection Point Coordinates | p. 90 |
| Ray/Plane Intersection | p. 90 |
| Point-In-Polygon Problem | p. 92 |
| Data Representation and Storage | p. 93 |
| Summary and Further Reading | p. 95 |
| System Calibration | p. 97 |
| Software Implementation | p. 98 |
| Ancillary Calibration Procedures | p. 102 |
| Internal 2D Calibration | p. 103 |
| Internal 3D Calibration | p. 105 |
| Summary and Further Reading | p. 107 |
| Eye Movement Analysis | p. 111 |
| Signal Denoising | p. 113 |
| Dwell-Time Fixation Detection | p. 115 |
| Velocity-Based Saccade Detection | p. 115 |
| Eye Movement Analysis in Three Dimensions | p. 119 |
| Parameter Estimation | p. 122 |
| Fixation Grouping | p. 127 |
| Eye Movement Data Mirroring | p. 128 |
| Summary and Further Reading | p. 128 |
| Eye Tracking Applications | |
| Diversity and Types of Eye Tracking Applications | p. 131 |
| Summary and Further Reading | p. 132 |
| Neuroscience and Psychology | p. 133 |
| Neurophysiological Investigation of Illusory Contours | p. 134 |
| Attentional Neuroscience | p. 135 |
| Eye Movements and Brain Imaging | p. 138 |
| Reading | p. 140 |
| Scene Perception | p. 143 |
| Perception of Art | p. 148 |
| Perception of Film | p. 150 |
| Visual Search | p. 152 |
| Computational Models of Visual Search | p. 158 |
| Natural Tasks | p. 163 |
| Eye Movements in Other Information Processing Tasks | p. 167 |
| Summary and Further Reading | p. 169 |
| Industrial Engineering and Human Factors | p. 171 |
| Aviation | p. 171 |
| Driving | p. 175 |
| Visual Inspection | p. 182 |
| Summary and Further Reading | p. 192 |
| Marketing/Advertising | p. 193 |
| Copy Testing | p. 195 |
| Print Advertising | p. 196 |
| Ad Placement | p. 200 |
| Summary and Further Reading | p. 202 |
| Computer Science | p. 205 |
| Human-Computer Interaction and Collaborative Systems | p. 205 |
| Eye-Based Interaction | p. 206 |
| Usability | p. 209 |
| Collaborative Systems | p. 211 |
| Gaze-Contingent Displays | p. 211 |
| Screen-Based Displays | p. 213 |
| Model-Based Graphical Displays | p. 217 |
| Summary and Further Reading | p. 225 |
| Conclusion | p. 227 |
| References | p. 229 |
| Index | p. 245 |
| Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved. |