Essential (Prentice Hall)

By: Jim Turley

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Paperback | 16 January 2003 | Edition Number 1

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Semiconductors are the building blocks of computing. They are the electronic chips that are in every computer and device on the market. Cellphones, cars, computers (of all kinds), gaming systems, machines - anything with hardware has an electronic (or semiconductor) component. This is the professional''s guide to the business and technology of semiconductor design and manufacturing. The semiconductor industry lends itself very well to a book of this kind. Just as the telecommunications area, the semiconductor industry is broad and complicated. There''s a definite need for a book that explains the in''s and out''s of the technology and how it works - without bogging down readers with too much technical content.

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Non-Fiction Engineering & Technology Electronics & Communications Engineering Electronics Engineering Electronic Devices & Materials Semi-Conductors & Super-Conductors Energy Technology & Engineering Electrical Engineering Education Careers Guidance

Acknowledgments	p. xix
Running Start	p. 1
About This Book	p. 2
Some Words to Know	p. 3
What's a Chip?	p. 3
What's Silicon?	p. 3
What's a Semiconductor?	p. 4
What's a Transistor?	p. 4
What's an IC?	p. 5
What's a Component?	p. 5
What's a Circuit?	p. 6
Semiconductor Family Tree	p. 7
Semiconductor Family Tree	p. 8
From Little Acorns to Great Oak Trees	p. 9
Integrated Circuits versus Discrete Components	p. 11
Digital versus Analog Components	p. 12
Simple Analog Components	p. 13
Resistors	p. 14
Capacitors	p. 15
Inductors	p. 16
Transistors	p. 17
Diodes	p. 19
LEDs	p. 19
Laser Diodes	p. 21
Optical Sensors	p. 22
Advanced Analog Components	p. 22
CCD Image Sensors	p. 22
Other Sensors	p. 23
A/D and D/A Converters	p. 23
MEMS	p. 24
Medium-Scale Digital Chips	p. 25
Logic Gates	p. 25
Highly Integrated Digital Chips	p. 27
Memory Chips	p. 27
Communications Chips	p. 28
Graphics Chips	p. 28
Peripherals	p. 29
Custom Chips: ASICs and ASSPs	p. 30
Programmable Logic Chips	p. 31
Microprocessors	p. 32
How Chips Are Designed	p. 35
Old-Style Design Process	p. 36
New-Style Design Process	p. 37
EDA Design Tools	p. 37
Schematic Capture	p. 38
Hardware Synthesis	p. 39
Hardware-Description Languages	p. 41
The HDL Leaders: VHDL and Verilog	p. 42
Alternate HDLs	p. 44
Producing a Netlist	p. 45
Floor Planning	p. 45
Place and Route	p. 46
Verifying the Design Works	p. 48
C Modeling	p. 49
Hardware Simulation	p. 50
Hardware Emulation Boxes	p. 50
Using Outside IP	p. 51
Hard and Soft IP Cores	p. 52
Physical Libraries	p. 54
Getting to Tape Out and Film	p. 54
Current Problems and Future Trends	p. 55
How Chips Are Made	p. 59
Clean Rooms and Fabs	p. 60
Developing Technology: Chips and Photography	p. 62
Silicon Ingots to Start	p. 62
Polishing the Wafer Smooth	p. 64
Building the Layer Cake	p. 64
Laser Surgery: Etching Away the Transistors	p. 65
Step and Repeat	p. 67
Etching Bath	p. 69
Ready for the Metal Round	p. 70
Testing Phase I	p. 71
Bringing out the Diamonds	p. 72
Sorting the Fast From the Merely Good	p. 72
Wrap It Up	p. 73
How Many Nanometers in a Micron?	p. 74
Let's Get Small	p. 76
Business and Markets	p. 79
Worldwide Production of Semiconductors	p. 80
Sales by Revenue	p. 82
Sales by Unit	p. 83
Average Selling Prices	p. 84
Average Microprocessor Prices	p. 86
Geographic Breakdown of Production	p. 87
Worldwide Consumption of Semiconductors	p. 89
Computers and PCs	p. 90
Communications and Networking	p. 91
Consumer Electronics	p. 92
Industrial Electronics	p. 93
Automotive Electronics	p. 94
Military Electronics	p. 95
The Business of Making Semiconductors	p. 96
Semiconductor Food Chain	p. 96
Independent Device Manufacturer	p. 96
Fabless Chip Company	p. 97
Pure-Play Foundries	p. 98
Materials In, Distributors Out	p. 98
Facilities and Equipment	p. 99
Manufacturing Equipment	p. 101
Fab Utilization	p. 102
Silicon Cost Model	p. 104
Wafer Cost	p. 105
Gross Die per Wafer	p. 108
Defects and Yield	p. 109
Packaging and Testing	p. 111
Economics of Updating Fabs	p. 111
Economics of Larger Wafers	p. 113
Economic Summary	p. 114
Essential Guide to Microprocessors	p. 119
Overview of Microprocessors	p. 120
Microprocessors Everywhere	p. 121
What Are Embedded Processors?	p. 122
Microprocessor History and Evolution	p. 123
What's a Processor Architecture?	p. 126
RISC and CISC Architecture	p. 126
DSP Architecture	p. 127
Superscalar Architecture	p. 128
VLIW Architecture	p. 128
Microprocessor Anatomy and Gazetteer	p. 129
Decoder	p. 129
Execution Unit	p. 129
Floating-Point Unit	p. 131
Registers	p. 131
Cache	p. 132
Bus	p. 133
Pipeline	p. 134
What Do 4-Bit, 8-Bit, 16-Bit, and 32-Bit Mean?	p. 134
Performance, Benchmarks, and Gigahertz	p. 137
Misleading MIPS	p. 138
The Mythical MIPS-per-MHz Ratio	p. 139
Power Consumption and MIPS/Watt	p. 140
What Is Software?	p. 141
Choosing Microprocessors	p. 143
Software Compatibility	p. 143
Microprocessor Future Trends	p. 144
Essential Guide to Memory	p. 147
Overview of Memory Chips	p. 148
About Memory Chips	p. 148
Types of Memory	p. 150
Nonvolatile ROM	p. 151
Masked ROM	p. 151
Programmable ROM	p. 151
Erasable Programmable ROM	p. 152
Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM	p. 153
Flash ROM	p. 153
Volatile RAM	p. 154
SRAM	p. 155
DRAM	p. 155
Memory Interfaces	p. 156
Future Memories	p. 157
Essential Guide to Custom and Configurable Chips	p. 159
Overview of Custom Chips	p. 160
About Custom Chips	p. 160
Field-Programmable Chips	p. 160
Custom ASIC Chips	p. 163
To ASIC or Not To ASIC	p. 163
Designing an ASIC	p. 164
Full-Custom Designs	p. 165
Standard Cell Designs	p. 165
Gate Array Designs	p. 166
Building an ASIC	p. 166
Dynamically Reconfigurable Chips	p. 167
About Dynamically Reconfigurable Logic	p. 168
Intellectual Property Licensing	p. 169
IP Licensing Business	p. 170
IP Revenue Streams	p. 171
IP Summary	p. 172
Future Outlook for Custom Chips	p. 173
Theory	p. 177
Digital and Binary Concepts	p. 178
Gates and Logic Functions	p. 180
Logic, Binary, and Digital Concepts	p. 181
NOT Gate	p. 182
AND Gate	p. 182
OR Gate	p. 184
Exclusive-OR	p. 186
Inverted Gates	p. 186
How Transistors Work	p. 188
About Electrons and Electronics	p. 190
Standards Bodies and Reference	p. 193
Standards Bodies and Organizations	p. 194
Semiconductor Industry of America (SIA)	p. 194
World Semiconductor Trade Statistics (WSTS)	p. 194
Sematech	p. 194
Semiconductor Equipment and Materials International (SEMI)	p. 195
Joint Electron Device Engineering Council (JEDEC)	p. 195
Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA)	p. 195
Electronic Design Automation Consortium (EDAC)	p. 195
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)	p. 196
Institution of Electrical Engineers (IEE)	p. 196
International Engineering Consortium (IEC)	p. 196
International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ISQED)	p. 196
Accellera	p. 197
Open SystemC Initiative (OSCI)	p. 197
Conferences and Trade Shows	p. 197
Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers ("Asilomar")	p. 197
Embedded Systems Conference (ESC)	p. 197
Microprocessor Forum	p. 198
Embedded Processor Forum	p. 198
Network Processor Conference	p. 198
Hot Chips	p. 198
International Solid State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)	p. 199
International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM)	p. 199
Other Resources	p. 199
The Tech Museum of Innovation ("The Tech")	p. 199
Computer History Museum	p. 200
Sematech Online Dictionary	p. 200
Electronic Design & Technology News Online Encyclopedia	p. 200
Microprocessor Report	p. 200
Dynamic Silicon	p. 200
Electronic Engineering Times	p. 200
Glossary	p. 201
Index	p. 211
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

Essential (Prentice Hall)

At a Glance

Paperback

Shipping

How to return your order

Defective items

You Can Find This Book In

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