| Preface | p. xi |
| Energy and Atmospheric Pollution | p. 1 |
| Sources of Environmental Pollution in Asia | p. 3 |
| Introduction | p. 3 |
| Stationary emission sources | p. 3 |
| Emission of pollutants in various Asian countries | p. 10 |
| Transboundary transport of sulfur and nitrogen compounds in the Eurasian continent | p. 17 |
| Greenhouse Gases | p. 25 |
| Introduction | p. 25 |
| Sources of greenhouse effects in Asia | p. 26 |
| Chemistry of the troposphere | p. 30 |
| Increasing GHG concentrations in the troposphere | p. 35 |
| Regional Asian impacts of global warming | p. 41 |
| International agreements on global climate change | p. 43 |
| Urban Air Pollution | p. 47 |
| Introduction | p. 47 |
| Modern state of urban air pollution in Asia | p. 47 |
| Development of photochemical smog in Asian cities | p. 51 |
| Role of particles in urban air pollution in Asian cities | p. 61 |
| Indoor air quality | p. 69 |
| Urban air pollution and health effects | p. 70 |
| Acid Deposition | p. 77 |
| Introduction | p. 77 |
| Acid rain monitoring in Asia | p. 77 |
| Chemistry of acid rain | p. 94 |
| Ecological consequences of acid rain in Asia | p. 99 |
| Mitigation of acid rains in Asian countries | p. 109 |
| Haze Pollution | p. 115 |
| Introduction | p. 115 |
| Sources and transport of haze pollutants | p. 115 |
| Chemical composition of haze | p. 117 |
| Synergetic effects with other anthropogenic pollutants | p. 125 |
| Human and environmental implications | p. 130 |
| Stratospheric Ozone Depletion | p. 137 |
| Introduction | p. 137 |
| Stratospheric chemistry of ozone | p. 137 |
| Role of chlorofluorocarbons in stratosphere ozone depletion | p. 140 |
| Role of nitrous oxide in stratosphere ozone depletion | p. 151 |
| Consequences of ozone depletion | p. 152 |
| CFCs emission abatement strategy | p. 154 |
| Soil and Water Pollution | p. 161 |
| Soil Pollution | p. 163 |
| Introduction | p. 163 |
| Characteristic biogeochemical features of soils and natural ecosystems in Asia | p. 163 |
| Modern land use in Asia | p. 170 |
| Chemical deterioration of soils | p. 174 |
| Freshwater Pollution | p. 185 |
| Introduction | p. 185 |
| Water resources in the Asian region | p. 185 |
| Hydrochemistry of natural waters | p. 189 |
| Pollution loading and consequences | p. 201 |
| Policies and strategies for abatement of water pollution in Asia | p. 211 |
| Pollution of Marine Waters | p. 217 |
| Introduction | p. 217 |
| Soluble and solid discharge of pollutants into the Pacific and Indian Oceans | p. 217 |
| Marine water chemistry | p. 221 |
| Consequences of coastal and marine water pollution | p. 231 |
| Drinking Waters | p. 237 |
| Introduction | p. 237 |
| Purification of freshwater in Asia | p. 237 |
| Chemical, toxicological, and economic aspects of various disinfectants in Asian cities | p. 243 |
| Pollutants in drinking water | p. 252 |
| Bottled drinking water | p. 254 |
| Desalination | p. 257 |
| Toxic Substances | p. 261 |
| Ecotoxicological Chemistry | p. 263 |
| Introduction | p. 263 |
| Biochemical aspects of toxicant behavior in living organisms | p. 263 |
| Interactions between environmental chemistry, toxicology and ecotoxicological chemistry | p. 268 |
| Effects of toxicants on carcinogenesis, teratogenesis, mutagenesis, and immune system | p. 273 |
| Ecotoxicological properties of principal pollutants | p. 284 |
| Environmental Chemistry of Heavy Metals | p. 297 |
| Introduction | p. 297 |
| Emission of heavy metals from coal-burning power plants | p. 297 |
| Environmental chemistry of arsenic | p. 308 |
| Environmental geochemistry of mercury | p. 311 |
| Environmental geochemistry of lead | p. 318 |
| Environmental Chemistry of Nitrogen | p. 327 |
| Introduction | p. 327 |
| Biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen | p. 327 |
| Environmental biogeochemistry of nitrogen in the Asian region | p. 334 |
| Nitrate biogeochemical provinces and cancer diseases in the Asian region | p. 354 |
| Organic Xenobiotics | p. 361 |
| Introduction | p. 361 |
| Pesticides in the Asian countries | p. 361 |
| Polychlorinated biphenyls, PCBs | p. 370 |
| Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) | p. 374 |
| Chlorinated phenols | p. 379 |
| Environmental Chemistry for Sustainable Development in Asia | p. 385 |
| Critical Loads | p. 387 |
| Introduction | p. 387 |
| Definition of critical load | p. 387 |
| The critical load concept | p. 389 |
| Critical load values of acid forming compounds on ecosystems of Asia | p. 389 |
| Application of critical load approach for calculation of HMs and POPs deposition | p. 406 |
| Waste Treatment | p. 409 |
| Introduction | p. 409 |
| Type and sources of wastes in the Asian region | p. 409 |
| Waste treatment in Asian countries | p. 421 |
| Waste recycling | p. 434 |
| Site remediation after waste disposal | p. 438 |
| References | p. 449 |
| Index | p. 463 |
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