| List of Figures | p. ix |
| List of Tables | p. xi |
| Preface | p. xiii |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Data Mining | p. 1 |
| Motivation | p. 3 |
| Contributions of the Book | p. 5 |
| Outline of the Book | p. 7 |
| An Overview of Data Mining | p. 9 |
| Decision Tree Approach | p. 9 |
| ID3 | p. 10 |
| C4.5 | p. 11 |
| Classification Rule | p. 12 |
| AQ Algorithm | p. 13 |
| CN2 | p. 14 |
| C4.5RULES | p. 15 |
| Association Rule Mining | p. 16 |
| Apriori | p. 17 |
| Quantitative Association Rule Mining | p. 18 |
| Statistical Approach | p. 19 |
| Bayesian Classifier | p. 19 |
| Forty-Niner | p. 20 |
| Explora | p. 21 |
| Bayesian Network Learning | p. 22 |
| Other Approaches | p. 25 |
| An Overview on Evolutionary Algorithms | p. 27 |
| Evolutionary Algorithms | p. 27 |
| Genetic Algorithms (GAs) | p. 29 |
| The Canonical Genetic Algorithm | p. 30 |
| Selection Methods | p. 34 |
| Recombination Methods | p. 36 |
| Inversion and Reordering | p. 39 |
| Steady State Genetic Algorithms | p. 40 |
| Hybrid Algorithms | p. 41 |
| Genetic Programming (GP) | p. 41 |
| Introduction to the Traditional GP | p. 42 |
| Strongly Typed Genetic Programming (STGP) | p. 47 |
| Evolution Strategies (ES) | p. 48 |
| Evolutionary Programming (EP) | p. 53 |
| Inductive Logic Programming | p. 57 |
| Inductive Concept Learning | p. 57 |
| Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) | p. 59 |
| Interactive ILP | p. 61 |
| Empirical ILP | p. 62 |
| Techniques And Methods of ILP | p. 64 |
| Bottom-up ILP Systems | p. 64 |
| Top-down ILP Systems | p. 65 |
| Foil | p. 65 |
| mFOIL | p. 68 |
| The Logic Grammars Based Genetic Programming System (Logenpro) | p. 71 |
| Logic Grammars | p. 72 |
| Representations of Programs | p. 74 |
| Crossover of Programs | p. 81 |
| Mutation of Programs | p. 94 |
| The Evolution Process of LOGENPRO | p. 97 |
| Discussion | p. 99 |
| Data Mining Applications Using Logenpro | p. 101 |
| Learning Functional Programs | p. 101 |
| Learning S-expressions Using LOGENPRO | p. 102 |
| The DOT PRODUCT Problem | p. 104 |
| Learning Sub-functions Using Explicit Knowledge | p. 110 |
| Inducing Decision Trees Using LOGENPRO | p. 115 |
| Representing Decision Trees as S-expressions | p. 115 |
| The Credit Screening Problem | p. 117 |
| The Experiment | p. 119 |
| Learning Logic Program From Imperfect Data | p. 125 |
| The Chess Endgame Problem | p. 127 |
| The Setup of Experiments | p. 128 |
| Comparison of LOGENPRO With FOIL | p. 131 |
| Comparison of LOGENPRO With BEAM-FOIL | p. 133 |
| Comparison of LOGENPRO With mFOIL1 | p. 133 |
| Comparison of LOGENPRO With mFOIL2 | p. 134 |
| Comparison of LOGENPRO With mFOIL3 | p. 135 |
| Comparison of LOGENPRO With mFOIL4 | p. 135 |
| Discussion | p. 136 |
| Applying Logenpro for Rule Learning | p. 137 |
| Grammar | p. 137 |
| Genetic Operators | p. 141 |
| Evaluation of Rules | p. 143 |
| Learning Multiple Rules From Data | p. 145 |
| Previous Approaches | p. 146 |
| Pre-selection | p. 146 |
| Crowding | p. 146 |
| Deterministic Crowding | p. 147 |
| Fitness Sharing | p. 147 |
| Token Competition | p. 148 |
| The Complete Rule Learning Approach | p. 150 |
| Experiments With Machine Learning Databases | p. 152 |
| Experimental Results on the Iris Plant Database | p. 153 |
| Experimental Results on the Monk Database | p. 156 |
| Medical Data Mining | p. 161 |
| A Case Study on the Fracture Database | p. 161 |
| A Case Study on the Scoliosis Database | p. 164 |
| Rules for Scoliosis Classification | p. 165 |
| Rules About Treatment | p. 166 |
| Conclusion and Future Work | p. 169 |
| Conclusion | p. 169 |
| Future Work | p. 172 |
| The Rule Sets Discovered | p. 177 |
| The Best Rule Set Learned from the Iris Database | p. 177 |
| The Best Rule Set Learned from the Monk Database | p. 178 |
| Monk1 | p. 178 |
| Monk2 | p. 179 |
| Monk3 | p. 182 |
| The Best Rule Set Learned from the Fracture Database | p. 183 |
| Type I rules: About Diagnosis | p. 183 |
| Type II Rules: About Operation/Surgeon | p. 184 |
| Type III Rules: About Stay | p. 186 |
| The Best Rule Set Learned from the Scoliosis Database | p. 189 |
| Rules for Classification | p. 189 |
| King-I | p. 189 |
| King-II | p. 190 |
| King-III | p. 191 |
| King-IV | p. 191 |
| King-V | p. 192 |
| TL | p. 192 |
| L | p. 193 |
| Rules for Treatment | p. 194 |
| Observation | p. 194 |
| Bracing | p. 194 |
| The Grammar Used for the Fracture and Scoliosis Databases | p. 197 |
| The Grammar for the Fracture Database | p. 197 |
| The Grammar for the Scoliosis Database | p. 198 |
| References | p. 199 |
| Index | p. 211 |
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