Classrooms That Work

Chapter 1 Creating Classrooms That Work Observing in the Classrooms of Unusually Effective Teachers 3 Observing in the Most Successful Schools 7 What We Know About Effective Classrooms 9 Common Core Raises the Bar 11 Creating Your Classroom That Works in the Common Core Era 12 Chapter 2 Creating Independent Readers Assess and Document Your Students'Independent Reading 14 Make a Teacher Read-Aloud an Everyday Event 14 Schedule Time Every Day for Independent Reading 20 Accumulate the Widest Possible Variety of Reading Materials 21 Schedule Conferences So You Can Talk with Your Students About Their Reading 22 Make Time for Sharing and Responding 24 Summary 26 Chapter 3 Building the Literacy Foundation Concepts That Form the Foundation for Literacy 30 Activities for Building the Foundation 33 Summary 44 Chapter 4 Fluency Mandate Easy Reading for Everyone 47 Model Fluent, Expressive Reading 49 Provide Engaging Rereading Opportunities 51 Use a Word Wall to Teach High-Frequency Words 53 Summary 57 Chapter 5 Teaching Phonics and Spelling Patterns Guess the Covered Word 61 Using Words You Know 64 Making Words 67 The Nifty-Thrifty-Fifty 76 Summary 80 Chapter 6 Meaning Vocabulary How Do We Learn All the Words We Know? 84 Teach Vocabulary with "Real Things" 86 Talking Partners 88 Maximize Word Learning from Reading 90 Teach Independent Word Learning Strategies 96 Promote Word Wonder 99 Summary 100 Chapter 7 Comprehension Comprehension Strategies 103 Think-Alouds to Teach Comprehension Strategies 104 Lesson Frameworks for Comprehending Narrative Text 109 Summary 118 Chapter 8 Reading Informational Text Lesson Frameworks for Close Reading and Making Inferences 122 Summary 148 Chapter 9 Writing Writer's Workshop 152 Adding Editing to Writer's Workshop 155 Adding Conferencing, Publishing, and Author's Chair to Writer's Workshop 159 Adding Revising to Writer's Workshop 163 Focused Writing 170 Summary 175 Chapter 10 Reading and Writing Across the Curriculum Reading-Writing Connections 178 Main Idea Trees 178 Time Lines 180 Compare/Contrast Bubbles 181 Think-Writes 183 Summary 191 Chapter 11 Assessment What Is Assessment? 193 Determining Student Reading Level 193 Identifying Good Literacy Behaviors and Documenting Student Progress 196 Summary 203 Chapter 12 Differentiation and Interventions for Struggling Readers Targeted Tier 2 Interventions for Struggling Readers 209 Summary 226 References 227 Index 229