Classifying Science

Phenomena, Data, Theory, Method, Practice

By: Rick Szostak

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Hardcover | 14 February 2005

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304 Pages

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24.13 x 15.88 x 1.91

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Classification is the essential first step in science. The study of science, as well as the practice of science, will thus benefit from a detailed classification of different types of science.

In this book, science - defined broadly to include the social sciences and humanities - is first unpacked into its constituent elements: the phenomena studied, the data used, the theories employed, the methods applied, and the practices of scientists. These five elements are then classified in turn. Notably, the classifications of both theory types and methods allow the key strengths and weaknesses of different theories and methods to be readily discerned and compared. Connections across classifications are explored: should certain theories or phenomena be investigated only with certain methods? What is the proper function and form of scientific paradigms? Are certain common errors and biases in scientific practice associated with particular phenomena, data, theories, or methods? The classifications point to several ways of improving both specialized and interdisciplinary research and teaching, and especially of enhancing communication across communities of scholars. The classifications also support a superior system of document classification that would allow searches by theory and method used as well as causal links investigated.

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From the reviews:

"Szostak proffers ... an organized, internally consistent, method in the context of a Generic Philosophy of Science & Methodology - applicable in ... any phase of problem-solving. The author utilizes a unique 'key deductive guideline throughout the book which is grounded in one of the simplest organizing principles possible: the 5W questions ... Who, What, Where, When, and Why - are asked'. ... Do get a copy of this excellent book!" (Karl H. Wolf, International Journal of General Systems, Vol. 35 (4), 2006)

"The Earth sciences encompass many disciplines, including Information Science and Knowledge Management. Here is Volume seven - to be cognitively cherished ... . Science's definition has been much broadened, and since all disciplines use classifications, there is no limit: everyone engaged in problem solving ought to get Szostak's book: including all information technologist, librarians, basic and applied researchers, educationalists/teachers, as well as, post-graduates and motivated secondary school students. ... This new book will definitely open your intellectual vision. Get it!" (Karl Wolf, The Australian Geologist Newsletter, Vol. 139, 2006)

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You Can Find This Book In

Non-Fiction Science Science in General Philosophy of Science Philosophy Sociology & Anthropology Sociology Social Research & Statistics Scientific Nomenclature & Classification Kids & Children's Books Educational Material Science Educational Material

Library & Info Sciences Reference, Information & Interdisciplinary Subjects Interdisciplinary Studies

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Paperback

Published: 30th December 2010

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List of Tables	p. vii
Preface	p. ix
Classifying Science	p. 11
A Simple Classificatory Guideline	p. 31
The First "Cut" (and Plan of Work)	p. 51
Some Preliminaries	p. 9
Classifying Phenomena and Data	p. 232
Classifying Phenomena	p. 232
Classifying Data	p. 45
Classifying Theory	p. 513
Typology of Theory	p. 553
What Is a Theory?	p. 743
Evaluating Theories	p. 783
Types of Theory and the Five Types of Causation	p. 803
Classifying Individual Theories	p. 823
Advantages of a Typology of Theory	p. 95
Classifying Method	p. 994
Classifying Methods	p. 1014
Typology of Strengths and Weaknesses of Methods	p. 1034
Qualitative Versus Quantitative Analysis Revisited	p. 1094
Evaluating Methods	p. 1134
Classifying Particular Methods Within The Typology	p. 1164
Advantages of a Typology of Methods	p. 144
Classifying Practice	p. 1555
Errors and Biases in Science	p. 1585
Typology of (Critiques of) Scientific Practice	p. 1615
Utilizing This Classification	p. 1925
The Five Types of Ethical Analysis	p. 194
Drawing Connections Across These Classifications	p. 1996
Theory and Method	p. 1996
Theory (Method) and Phenomena (Data)	p. 2036
Better Paradigms	p. 2086
Critiques of Scientific Practice: Are They Correlated with Other Classifications?	p. 213
Classifying Scientific Documents	p. 2177
Faceted or Enumerative?	p. 2197
Classifying By Phenomena Studied	p. 2217
Classifying By Theory Used	p. 2257
Classifying By Method Used	p. 2277
inks Among Subjects	p. 2287
Type of Work, Language, and More	p. 2297
Critiques of Scientific Practice	p. 2307
Classifying Philosophy	p. 2317
Evaluating the System	p. 232
Concluding Remarks	p. 2398
The Classifications	p. 2398
Advantages of These Various Classifications	p. 2418
Drawing Connections Across Classifications	p. 2458
Golden Mean Arguments	p. 2478
Why Should Science Be Believed?	p. 2498
How Can Science Be Improved?	p. 2508
How Should Science Be Taught?	p. 259
References	p. 269
Index	p. 279
Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved.

Classifying Science

Phenomena, Data, Theory, Method, Practice

At a Glance

Hardcover

Industry Reviews

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Defective items

You Can Find This Book In

Other Editions and Formats

Paperback

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