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Capturing Enigma : How HMS Petard Seized the German Naval Codes - STEPHEN HARPER

Capturing Enigma

How HMS Petard Seized the German Naval Codes

By: STEPHEN HARPER

Paperback | 1 November 2002

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An attack by a British destroyer on a German U-boat in
the Eastern Mediterranean in October 1942 altered the
course of the entire war. The capture of secret coding
material from U-559, at the cost of two of HMS Petard's
crew, enabled Bletchley Park's codebreakers to
successfully crack the U-boat cypher. It was the crucial
factor in defeating Hitler's Atlantic U-boat wolf packs
before they succeeded in starving Britain into defeat in
the winter of 1942-1943. Here is the true story of how
HMS Petard attacked and captured U-559 in the darkness of
a Mediterranean night. It describes how members of her
crew swam across to the slowly sinking U-boat and
captured vital German Enigma codebooks. But the damage
sustained by U-559 in the earlier attack proved fatal and
without warning she sank before Petard could take her in
tow. Two of the destroyer's crew were trapped in the
conning tower and went to the bottom with her. Both men
were later recommended for posthumous awards of the
Victoria Cross but the Admiralty, concerned this might
draw unwanted attention from German Intelligence, instead
ordered posthumous awards of the George Cross, the
highest civilian award for bravery.
Industry Reviews
Billed as one of the Second World War's last great untold stories, this tale of how the first Enigma materials were captured was first published in 1999. Now reissued in the wake of the successful film and BBC series on the subject, it tells of the role of HMS Petard during that monumental conflict. The full facts about the destroyer's involvement in the events of that October night in 1942 were never previously available due to an 'extended intelligence blackout' spanning four decades. It was only recently that the actions of the two young crew members who died that night rescuing codebooks from a sinking U-boat were finally allowed to be revealed, and their enormous effect on the course of the war could be recognized and analysed. Unique in that she was the only Royal Navy destroyer to sink submarines belonging to all three enemy navies, the Petard attacked and captured U-559 in the Mediterranean, and the subsequent discovery of coding material for the infamous German Enigma system allowed the statisticians, mathematicians and intellectuals at Bletchley Park to get to work on breaking the new code that would reveal details of a planned massive underwater offensive. It's crucial to remember how the German navy dominated the Atlantic waters during those years - at one stage twice as many Allied ships were being destroyed as were coming into service - and Churchill himself described the Battle of the Atlantic as 'the dominating factor throughout the war'. Harper served on the HMS Petard himself, and his obvious affection and respect for the vessel and her crew adds a touching personal note to this exciting and well-written story. (Kirkus UK)

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